Building Science and Services 01

ENV4123

NAME : ALEESYA NADHIRAH NOR AZLY

STUDENT ID : DAT22086026

LECTURER : MISS NAJIBAHFAIQAHBINTI MD NOOR

TITTLE : ASSIGNMENT 3 (STEEL)

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.1 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………03

1.2 Design Statement………………………………………………………………03

1.3 Floor Plan ……………………………………………………………………...04

1.4 Elevations ……………………………………………………………………...06

1.5 Sections ………………………………………………………………………..07

1.6 3D Modelling…………………………..………................................................08

1.7 Conclusions ……………………………………………………………………08

1.8 References ……………………………………………………………………..09

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1.1 INTRODUCTIONS

The purpose of this assignment is to research steel. Popular building materials like
structural steel and concrete are frequently used to produce stunning, long-lasting
structures. Building a steel-framed structure starts with building its foundation.
Generally speaking, the soil carrying capacity determines the kind of foundation
needed for a certain construction. The state of the soil on which the steel frame
structure is built is determined by soil inquiry, which includes both surface and
subsurface exploration. For instance, strip foundation or reinforced concrete bearing
pads are suggested when moderate or low loads are applied.
The idea that the Japanese have perfected the skill of blending the sublime and the
nuanced in architecture may be oversimplified. However, this modern house is only
another stunning illustration of how modern house construction defies convention
while upholding heritage. On the other hand, the few crucial design decisions that
make something striking and contemporary also unexpectedly conform to
conventional patterns.

1.2 DESIGN STATEMENT

The traditional a-frame design and local charred cedar wood used for the structure's
foundation are replaced with stilts, which elevate the upper levels above the ground
and make space for a complete wrap-around deck. The three levels of the house have
distinct types of space. When viewed from the street, the first layer appears like a
black box; the second layer is a void punctured sporadically by spindly oblique steel
pillars; and the third layer is a gable black box floating on top. Situated in an area
with numerous ancient sake breweries, the location boasts charming Japanese streets
with walls made of burned timber and plaster. Sake wafts in the air, and red brick
chimneys of breweries spew a cloud of steam during the winter months when sake is
brewed. "Charred Cedar House" is located in one of these communities.

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Other traditional Japanese spatial methods are included throughout the concept, and
conventional Japanese sliding doors help to preserve an open flow between the inside
and outside on the first floor. Although it blends in an interesting and captivating way
with the neighborhood, this NAF Architects-designed home is unmistakably a
historical home. A series of spiral stairs that act as light wells are piercing through
these layers, producing amazing effects when natural and artificial light is directed
up and down them. From one story to the next, the concept of white against black (or
natural wood) is also interpreted differently, with dark-stained flooring and smooth,
reflective white ceiling surfaces in contrast.

1.3 FLOOR PLAN

Figure 1 : First Floor Layout

Three of the plot's sides are fenced with charred cedar to preserve privacy: the east
side is protected from an adjacent house, while the north and south sides are shielded
from the constantly moving public parking lot. The white stucco brewery warehouses
and a nostalgic street with historic residences are directly adjacent to the west side of
the property. In order to blend in with the surroundings, the house is still open to the
street, however trees may eventually be planted.

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 Figure 2 : Second Floor Layout

There are three levels to the house, each with a unique layout. It appears as a black
box from the street, a void in the second layer with spindly oblique steel pillars
poking randomly through it, and a gable-shaped black box floating on top of the
second layer.
The main bedroom, tatami room, bathroom, and spiral staircases to the upper levels
are all readily accessible from the entrance hall with a sand cushion brick floor,
which replaces the traditional Japanese entrance where shoes are removed. Sliding
doors divide the main bedroom, tatami room, and entry hall; when the doors are fully
opened, the first stratum is almost entirely outside. In order to create a
semi-inside/half-outside room that progressively transitions into more private areas,
sand cushion bricks were laid in the entry hall.

Figure 3 : Third Floor Layout

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1.4 ELEVATIONS
Figure 4 : South Elevations

Figure 5 : West Elevations

The living, dining, and kitchen areas are situated on the third level. There are two
apertures in the floor; one leads to the first tier's stairs, and the other, to the second
layer, where ladders are the only means of accessing the open area. The third layer is
made of wood, with exposed roofboards and beams. It's an enclosed room that
resembles a nest, with small circular windows and picture windows on the north and
south.
A 360-degree view of the glass walls on the second floor, which is integrated into the
open air, can be seen by descending the ladders from the third layer. The area is
home to a large number of one-story homes, and the second-story vista overlooks
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distant townhouses, brick chimneys, and brewery warehouses. Although it is
physically the least accessible and deeply set, the second layer—which is translucent
and open—is clearly the most accessible from the outside.

The composition of the three layers is simply unable to quantify the varying degrees
of visible, physical, and social accessibility that each layer of the house has from the
outside. Numerous alternatives for relationships with society are provided by the
intricacy of the relationships inside the household.

1.5 SECTIONS
Figure 6 : A-A Section View

Figure 7 : B-B Section View

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1.6 3D MODELLING

Area : 172 m²

The first and second layers used a steel-frame structure because it allows for the
application of thin materials by focusing stress. Conversely, the third layer utilized a
timber framework construction technique that originated from a traditional Japanese
manner. The first and second layers have a unique structure because they use
φ100mm・φ140mm steel pipes for the first layer and φ60mm steel pipes for the
second layer. These pipes are oblique at different angles. Because Japan is a
seismically active nation, pillar diameters are typically big to withstand seismic
forces, and bearing walls with braces are frequently installed. The calculation of the
framework is based on the assumption that it is resistant to seismic forces that are not
seen in daily life.

1.7 CONCLUSIONS

Steel components are used worldwide to support the growing number of buildings
that exist today. The engineer discovered that because steel has both tensile and
compressive strength, it is highly helpful in construction projects. The client can also
afford the cost of the steel. The strongest, most durable, and most dependable sort of

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building material that can withstand the test of time in a structure is steel.Because
steel is strong, less expensive than other materials, aesthetically pleasing, fire
resistant, doesn't need special treatment, and is environmentally benign. Nonetheless,
one of steel's main drawbacks is corrosion. Another issue with metal structures is
heat conductivity, which is why dwellings do not have full-scale metal roofing.

Steel building design is predicated on the ultimate and serviceability limit state. The
ultimate state of the structural components is determined by their capacity to
withstand shear stress and moment, securely maintain loads against overturning, and
sway. The members must be able to tolerate deflections, lateral drift, and deformation
that negatively impact the building's performance in order to reach the serviceability
limit state.

1.8 REFERENCES
- https://www.archdaily.com/48892/charred-cedar-house-naf-architect-
design
- https://www.flickr.com/photos/nachetz/6707227429/in/photostream/