Principles of Inheritance & Variation

ü NCERT based session

ü DPP
ü Top 5000 Questions Series
@ 9:30 pm in special class
leneie -3
->
RNA -> Protein -> Expression as Characte

y
manate a
heightsave s

o
line carnatetract all
shee nd
 Sene ->
Segment of
DNA which can express itself

Alicles Diff, form gene of

Lowes a Physical location

of agen

f12%
-
f
Divya Monit Ranju
#edity: Passing
-

of characters
from
Parentto
offsprings
Inheritance
process , 1/ 1/
- 11
of 1/

Variation
-
x
Diffe both Panete &
offsprings
-
 Dominant T Recessive t
- .

Express always express only in absence

dominant
of

and
#peterozygo
Homozygocond" ↓
--
d Tt
TT +t
Dominant Recessive
-
** * p
-

Tall Tall Short Phenotype

⑰ At Cvisible character)

&
Genotype
 (1850-1863) Garden Pea (Fys)
Gregon Mendel

Pea, why?
Short
* life
span
Visible
*
contrasting characte

large
*

offsprings
no. of

Self-PolM
*

*
Dormancy negligible
*
linkage
 ↑onfor non-Recognisition
Not
* a
biologist
* Work
published
not in International Journal

Factor
* known
genes
I now as

* No proof this.
of
 1900 Mendle's work rediscovered
--

Hugo
:
de Varies
Consens
Tshas mak

-easonsforade's
success

Traits
Contrasting
*

Use
*
Stat
of
*
Lage sample
No
*
Linkage
-
#onohybridoss
-

- Inheritance
of only chates
E. Hight 1

Parents s TT X +t

Tall
dwarf ①
8... .
. .
.
t

3
T
-

iT "Tf Y
Egn
+

Gametes -
π
⑦ tsTt ft

Fsg <- FTall Phenotypic

Tall (3):
dwarf (7)
ration =1

setting ⑰ x t Genotypic Ratio =>

#:
A

L/ ↓- TT:T + tt
1

↳
1 2 1

Sametes-T t T t
 East Loss -> Cross
F, hybrid X
of Recessive
9. Parent
xWW
& Wws
-
x w w
ww
(Type Back cross
of

W W We
&
W
Ww Ww w Ww we we

WWm8 Ww
we who was

All violet
flowers a
30% Violet:s0%white

genotype of
Unknown
flower-> Ww ↑w
 Back rossa F,
hybrid x
any parent
of

Laws. Inheritance No exception

& -

I saw 2) Law
ofminance egregation(Law of Parityof Games
of
⑦A -
Rassive
⑰-
r⑤

Kominant ->
A
Pameles
Each
gamete recieves

ele
only one
Violet
-
-> Test cross

↓
30% V; sot,

Genotype in
 ~

LonMendInheritance 8-

① Icompletedominance

9. Flower colour
Snapdragon (dog flower) hinan)
Inabilia alapa (4'o'clock
Plant
 &

· As
RR - - n - p

↑ -
FI
·
Re x
P f
selting
-

RedPinkthis
are

R 1 PR =>

#·Re
R

1
/
Rr 11
D
SR- RR:n
 Product
ConceptDominance
↑
-

Normal allele Normal

- normal
protein ->
Enzyme
Nonmal/less efficient

3
Enzyme Non-functional
↓ ↑ Enzyme
- - -
Recessive
Dominant
- Modified
Allele

↳Noa, Enzyme
Co-dominance Both
alleles themselves
--> express
eg. AB
blood
group in humans

ABO blood
group
↳ gene- I
-> forms sugar Polymel
CAntigen)
↓
on

3
RBCs

IP, IB ↓
i
 ④
↑ ↑
Genotype Phenotype Blood gep.

:Antigen
A
ID IN/IA; A

IBIB/IB; 5=Antigen
.
B

IP I B xigo"-Anligse, A B

ii my Nondigen 0
Multiple
---
allelism &

More than Control

->
character
1
in
2 allele
population
B
G. ABO blood
group -> IP, I, i
openinheritance
Control
-
Many gene - chaat one
I

Many
Eg. Human skin color, Human
height
Influenced by Env.

Additive / Cumulative
effect
AABBCC -> Darkest skin

aabb x ->
lightest "

A Bb (c ->
Intermediate
Pleiotropy
-

Control
I
gene ->
Many characters

1)
E. Phenpetonuria -> mental relaudation

Reduction in hail

Skin
- pigmentation
2)

sickelAnae
seen
shape RBCs
of
 3) starch
⑬ esize of
stosis
in per
m ount
of stanc

BB X bb
small seed
have seed

Mos starch d less starch

Bb

Intermedia
size

Ishows
incomplete
dominance
 #hybridross
Round & Yellow Wrinkled & Green
seeds

R B XY mryy
⑫Y ->
↑
Xy ->
F,

Riiy *
Rexy ->
Selfing
RY, Ry,nY, RY, Ry,nY, my
Gmde
ry

Types ofametes
=> > no
ofherozygotes

+
AaBBx = 2
=> 2
 &M
42913

&