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Application of PCR. Some of the areas of application of PCR are briefly mentioned here.
(i) Detection of Pathogens. In -recent times, PCR is being used in the detection of HIV
(Virus of AIDS). (ii) Diagnosis of Specific .M utation. Mutations are related to genetic
diseases. By using PCR phenylketonuria, muscular dystrophy, sickle cell anaemia, hepatitis,
chlamydia and tuberculosis .can be diagnosed. (iii) PCR is also used in DNA Fingerprinting.
(iv) Detection of Specific Microorganisms. In recent years, PCR has also found useful
for detecting specific microorganisms. (v) In Prenatal Diagnosis. It is useful to detect
genetic disease in foetus before birth. (vi) Diagnosis of Plant Pathogens. Many diseases
of plants can be detected by using PCR. For examples, viroids ( associated with apple, grape,
citrus, pear, etc.), viruses (like TMV, bean yellow mosaic virus etc), bacteria, mycoplasmas,
etc. (vii) In Palaeontology. PCR is used to clone the DNA fragments from the mummified
remains of humans and extinct animals like wooly mammoth and dinosaurs. (viii) Gene
Therapy. PCR proves to be of immense help 'in monitoring a gene in gene therapy experi-
ments. ·
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