KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN, GURUGRAM REGION

HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION 2023-2024

Class: XI Subject: Chemistry MM: 70
MARKING SCHEME
SECTION-A
Q.NO ANSWERS MARKS
1 C 1
2 C 1
3 B 1
4 A 1
5 C 1
6 B 1
7 B 1
8 C 1
9 D 1
10 C 1
11 B 1
12 B 1
13 A 1
14 B 1
15 A 1
16 C 1
SECTION-B
17 6Fe2+ + Cr2O72-+ 14H+ → 2Cr3+ + 6Fe3+ + 7H2O (USE OXIDATION NUMBER 2
METHOD OR HALF REACTION METHOD FOR BALANCING )
18 (i)Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be transformed from 1
one form to another. OR
The internal energy of a body always remains the same.
(ii) The standard enthalpy of formation of a substance is the enthalpy change that 1
occurs when 1 mole of the substance is formed from its constituent elements in
their standard states.
19 Mass of Photon 1/2
Given: wavelength (λ)=3.6Aͦ =3.6×10-10m 1
velocity of photon = velocity of light=3×108 m/s 1/2
According to de Broglie's equation:
 Wavelength(λ)=h/mv
Mass of photon (m)=h/λv=6.626×10-34Js/(3.6×10-10m)(3×108 ms-1)
m=6.135×10-33 kg
OR
-9
E=100 J/sec, λ=400X10 m, E=nhc/λ
n=(100X400X10-9)/(6.625X10-34X3X108)=2X1020

20 (i) Molecular mass of N2O = 2(14) + 16 = 44 1

Mass = Molecular mass × No. of moles = 44 × 5.8 = 255.2g
(ii) 11.2 L at STP weight = 8.5 g 1
∴ 22.4 L at STP will weight = 8.5/11.2x22.4 = 17 g/mol
21 Molarity Molality 1+1
1. Molarity of solution is defined as the 1. Molality is defined as the
total number of moles of solute present total moles of a solute present
per litre of solution. per kilogram of solvent.
-1 2. Molality has a unit of mol Kg-
2. Molarity has a unit of mol L . 1
.
3. Molarity is affected by the change in 3. Molality has no effect on
temperature. temperature.
(ANY TWO DIFFERENCES)
SECTION-C
22 (i)Because bond order is zero 1
(ii) In CH4 molecule, carbon atom is sp3- hybridised not dsp2 or sp2d since d- 1
orbitals are not present in carbon atom. The bond angle in CH4 molecule is
109°28'. It suggests that CH4 molecule is tetrahedral.
(iii) In case of ammonia, the direction of the lone pair dipole moment and the 1
bond pair dipole moment is same whereas in case of NF3 it is opposite. Thus,
in ammonia molecule, individual dipole moment vectors add whereas in NF3,
they cancel each other.
23 (i) 2p orbital. 1
(ii) Balmer series 1
(iii) The Stark effect occurs when a spectral line splits into many 1
components in the presence of a electric field
24 (i) 24 g of carbon will react with 32 g of O2 to form 56 g of CO. So, 1
oxygen is left in excess. 1
(ii) Amount of oxygen left = 96 – 32 = 64 g 1
(iii) Mass of other reactant= 96 – 24 = 72g Or
OR 1.5+1.5
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
 (i) 1 mole N2 requires 3 moles of H2
28 kg N2 require 6 kg H2
25 kg N2 will require = 6/28 x 25 = 5.36 kg H2 Hence, N2 is the
limiting reagent.
(ii) 1 N2 produces 2 moles NH3
28 kg N2 produce 34 moles NH3
25 kg N2 will produce = 34/28 x 25 = 30.26 kg NH3

25 In the equation we aim at; 1+1+1

C(s) + 2H2(g) + 1/2O2(g) ———> CH3OH (l); ∆fH = ±? … (iv)
Multiply eqn. (iii) by 2 and add to eqn. (ii)
C(s) + 2H2(g) + 2O2(g) ————->CO2(g) + 2H20(l)
∆H = – (393 + 522) = – 965 kj/ mol
Subtract eqn. (iv) from eqn. (i)
CH3OH(aq) + 3/2O2(g) ————> CO2(g) + 2H2O(l); ∆H = – 726 kj mol-1
Subtract: C(s) + 2H2(g) + l/2O2(g) ———-> CH3OH(aq); ∆fHf = – 239 kj mol-1

26 (i) Unnilquadium, Unq ½ + 1/2

(ii) (n-1)d1-10ns0-2 1
(iii) Correct statement. 1
27 (i) I2 is oxidant S2O32- is reductant 1
(ii) The reaction in which one reactant gets oxidized and the same reactant 2
gets reduced. (with any one example)
28 (i)(a) conjugate acid H2S04 and conjugate base SO42- 2
(b) conjugate acid NH4+ and conjugate base NH2-
(ii) The common ion effect is an effect that suppresses the ionization of an 1
electrolyte when another electrolyte (which contains an ion which is also
present in the first electrolyte, i.e. a common ion) is added.
SECTION-D
29 1. A Co-ordinate bond is a type of alternate covalent bond that is formed by 2
sharing of an electron pair from a single atom.

2. SF6 = Octahedral shape 1

OR OR
CO2 molecule has only two bonds which lie farthest to each other to 0.5+0.5
minimise repulsion, making an angle of 180°. H2O, on the other hand, has
two lone pair. As lone pair- bond pair repulsion is greater than bond pair- 1
 bond pair-repulsion, the repulsions due to the lone pair decreases the angle
between the two bonds, giving the molecule a bent shape.
3. Because the axial bond experiences more repulsion than the equatorial
bond
30. 1.C 1
2.A 1
3.C 1
4.B 1
OR
A
SECTION-E
31 (a) Any two differences. 2
(b) The maximum no. of emission lines = n(n–1)2 = 6(6–1)2 =3 × 5 = 15 1
(c) Orbitals having same energy. 1
(d X-rays < ultra-violet rays < micro-waves. (λ increases). 1
OR Or
(a) (i) Aufbau Principle: In the ground state of the atoms, the orbitals are 3
filled in the order of their increasing energies
(ii) Pauli Exclusion Principle: An orbital can have maximum of two
electrons and these must have opposite signs.
(iii) Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity: Electron pairing in p, d
and/orbitals cannot occur until each orbital of a given subshell
contains one electron each or is single occupied.
(b) (i) For n = 3; No. of sub-shells = (l = 0, l = 1, l = 2) = 3. 1
(ii) For the 3s1 electron: n=3 and l= 0 1

32 (a) State functions are those values which depend only on the state of the 2
system and not on how it is reached. Path functions are those values
which depend on the path of the system. 1
(b) Enthalpy, entropy and temperature are state function. Heat is a path
function 1
(c) A process in which there is no heat exchange between system and
surrounding.
(d) w=-PΔV since, P=0, w=0 1
OR OR
(a) Gibb’s energy is defined as the maximum amount of energy available to
a system, during a process that can be converted into useful work.
ΔG=ΔH-TΔS. Where ΔH is change in enthalpy ΔS is change in entropy
and T is temperature. 3
 Gibb’s energy criteria of spontaneity: For a spontaneous reaction ΔG is
negative
(b) Freezing of water=Entropy decreases
Cgraphite→ Cdiamond= Entropy decreases 2
33 (a) For the given reaction, 1
Δ n=2−3=−1
T=450 K
R=0.0831 L bar K-1mol-1
Kp=2.0×1010 bar-1
Kp=Kc(RT) Δn ⇒ 2.0×1010bar-1=Kc(0.0831 ×450)-1
⇒Kc=2.0×1010(0.0831x450) = 7.48x1011 Lmol-1
(b) For Reverse reaction Kc = 1 /Kc for forward reaction 1
= 1/ 7.48x1011 Lmol-1 = 1.34 x 10-12 mol/L
3
(c)(i) Forward reaction
(ii) Forward reaction
(iii) Backward reaction
OR
OR

1
(a)

The reaction is not in equilibrium. 1

∴ Reaction proceeds from left to right.
∴ Q<Kc
1
(b) The solution which resists change in pH on dilution or with the addition of
small amounts of acid or alkali is called buffer solution.
1
Example of acidic buffer- CH3COOH + CH3COONa (pH = 4.75)
1
Example of basic buffer- NH4OH + NH4Cl (pH = 9.25)