“Organic & Inorganic Chemistry Lab”

Name: K.M Arslan Khan Khilji

Registration number: 2022-CH-3

Submitted to: Dr. Arjumand Iqbal Durrani

Important questions related to salt analysis:

1. Apparatus Handling:

• How do you ensure proper cleaning and maintenance of glassware used in salt
analysis?

• Explain the precautions to be taken while handling volatile reagents in salt analysis.

• What safety measures should be followed when using a Bunsen burner during salt
analysis?

• How do you prevent cross-contamination while using common glassware in different

tests?

• Explain the procedure for calibrating and using a pH meter in salt analysis.

• What precautions should be taken when handling concentrated acids or bases in the
laboratory?

2. Tests:

• Describe the tests used to identify cations in salt analysis. Provide examples.

• Explain the role of flame tests in detecting metal ions during salt analysis.

• How can you differentiate between carbonate and sulphide ions in qualitative
analysis?

• Explain the significance of precipitation reactions in the separation of cations during

salt analysis.

3. Significance:

• Discuss the importance of salt analysis in qualitative inorganic analysis.

• Why is it crucial to perform confirmatory tests after preliminary tests in salt analysis?
• How does salt analysis contribute to identifying unknown substances in a given
sample?

• In what ways does salt analysis contribute to quality control in industries such as
pharmaceuticals and environmental monitoring?

• How does the knowledge of salt analysis assist in understanding the properties and
behavior of inorganic compounds?

Basic Scheme of Salt Analysis:

1. Preliminary Tests:

• Physical Examination: Observe color, odor, and other physical properties.

• Flame Tests: Identify metal cations based on characteristic flame colors.

2. Cation Analysis:

• Group I Cations: Separate into Group I by precipitation reactions.

• Group II Cations: Further separation within Group I using specific reagents.

• Group III Cations: Separate from Group II, usually involving sulfide precipitation.

• Group IV Cations: Confirmatory tests to identify specific cations.

3. Anion Analysis:

• Group I Anions: Precipitation reactions to separate anions.

• Group II Anions: Confirmatory tests to identify specific anions.

• Group III Anions: Additional confirmatory tests for certain anions.

4. Confirmation Tests:

• Perform specific tests to confirm the presence of individual cations and anions.