AIM

To Study the Optical Fibre Cable Principle and its Applications.

Important Terms
*Optical Fiber: An optical fiber (or fibre) is a glass or plastic fiber that
carries light along its length. Fiber optics is the overlap of applied
science and engineering concerned with the design and application of
optical fibers. Optical fibers are widely used in fiber optic
communications, which permits transmission over longer distances and
at higher bandwidths (data rates) than other forms of Communications.
*Refraction: Refraction is the change in direction of a wave due to a
change in its speed. This is most commonly observed when a wave
passes from one medium to another. Refraction of light is the most
commonly observed phenomenon, but any type of wave can refract
when it interacts with a medium, for example when sound waves pass
from one medium into another or when water waves move into water of
a different depth
*Reflection: Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an
interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into
the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the
reflection of light, sound and water waves.
Internal Reflection
Scattering: Scattering is a general physical process where some forms
of radiation, such as light, sound, or moving particles, are forced to
deviate from a straight trajectory by one or more localized non-
uniformities in the medium through which they pass. In conventional
use, this also includes deviation of reflected radiation from the angle
predicted by the law of reflection.
 Attenuation: is the gradual loss in intensity of any kind of flux through
a medium. For instance, sunlight is attenuated by dark glasses, and X-
rays are attenuated by lead.