Lecture 1

(Intro, Decisions, Environmental system analysis)

Environmental system definitions, Environment Components ------------------------------------------------------ 1

Environmental system conception, Human environment scheme-------------------------------------------------- 2

Complexity of environmental systems, System Analysis meaning & Importance points---------------------- 3

System Analysis steps, System analysis models-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

Modeling and decision-making scheme------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5

Decision theory intro, Decision making types---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

Decision approaches, 1) Rational choice, 2) Rational up to a point, 3) Garbage-can -----------------------7,8,9

4)Personal beliefs, Decisions making factors--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

a) Decision makers, b) Decision situation, c) Risk-uncertainty -------------------------------------------------- 11,12

d) Problem vs opportunity, Comparison table-------------------------------------------------------------------13,14,15

e) Design criteria, f) Time, g) People affected ------------------------------------------------------------------ 15,16,17

h) Decision support theories & tools ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17

Environmental system analysis tools (Procedural vs Analytical) ----------------------------------------------- 18,19

Pollution EX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19,20

Environmental system analysis characteristics, 1) Tools Procedural vs Analytical----------------------------- 21

2) Studies (Descriptive vs Change oriented), 3) Study objectives -------------------------------------------------- 22

Impact types -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23

Tools definitions and uses, EIA, SEA, RA, MFA, LCA, LCC, CBA, --------------------------------------------- 24,25,26

Summary, ILOS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------27,28

 Lecture 2

(Life Cycle Assessment)

Decisions scheme, LCA intro --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1,2,3

Historical perspective, Trajectories & drivers in LCA development scheme --------------------------------- 4,5,6

LCA Scheme, Step 1 intro (Goal & scope), Products & system description---------------------------------------- 7

Product/ system function, functional unit, system boundaries data category, EX --------------------------- 8,9

Step 2 (Inventory analysis), process & tables, Single stage flow diagram, EX ---------------------------- 9,10,11

Step 3 ( Impact assessment ) intro, classification ----------------------------------------------------------------- 11,12

Multiple impact cases, parallel impact, serial, indirect, combined -------------------------------------------- 12-13

Characterization, EX ( characterization impact ), Table of typical impact categories ----------------- 14,15,16

Normalization, Calculations, Normalization reference EX --------------------------------------------------- 16,17,18

Weighting, quantitative vs qualitative, classification (panel, Monetization, Distance to target) ------ 18,19

Weighting 3 methods, 1) Eco-point ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20,21

2) Environmental priority system ( EPS ) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22,23

3) Eco-point indicator 95, 3 types of environmental damage, Steps-------------------------------------------26,27

Improvement Assessment/ Interpretation, Data sources --------------------------------------------------------- 28

LCA Framework scheme ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------29

System boundary scheme EX ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------31

LCA detailed EX -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------30-50

 Lecture 3

(Risk Assessment)

Risk Intro, Definitions, risk assessment def --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2,3,4

Public health risk assessment, purposes of risk assessment ------------------------------------------------------- 4,5

Risk assessment history, Background, quantitive vs qualitative risk assessment -------------------------------- 5

Some viruses, bacteria, parasites names ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

Risk assessment 3 approaches, 1) sanitary inspection --------------------------------------------------------------- 6,7

2) Risk Matrix, 4 steps of system assessement, calibrated risk matrix -------------------------------------------- 8

Semi-quantitive risk matrix, QMRA ( quantitive microbial risk assessment ) ------------------------------------ 9

QMRA 4 steps, 1) problem formalization, reference pathogen ------------------------------------------------ 10,11

2) exposure assessment ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12

3) Health effects assessment, A) Dose-response ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 13

b) Probapility of illness, c) probability of sequel ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 14

d) disease burden, e) secondary transmission & immunity -------------------------------------------------------- 15

4) Risk characterization, DALY intro, DALY definition ----------------------------------------------------------15,16,17

Years of life lost, years lived with disability, EX -----------------------------------------------------------------18,19,20

5 DALY preferences, 1) Death time lost, ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------20

2) Disability weights, 3)Age weights, 4) Time preference, EX----------------------------------------------- 21,22,23

5) added health between individuals, DALY applications -----------------------------------------------------------24

Risk assessment model flow-chart scheme ----------------------------------------------------------------------------28

Risk Assessment EX calculations ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29

Risk assessment EX on rotavirus ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25-30

 Lecture 4

(Cost-Benefit Analysis)

LCA detailed scheme, Risk assessment detailed scheme----------------------------------------------------------- 2

Cost-Benefit Analysis intro, Personal Decisions ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

Public decisions & CBA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

Speed vs deaths EX, CBA conclusion & definition -------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

A) Present value, intro, formula --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6,7,8

Evaluation of projects, Admissible, Preferable ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9

Project evaluation rule, A) present value criteria, general notes ------------------------------------------------ 10

Discounting EX graphs, EX table ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11,12,13

B) Internal rate of return, C) Benefit-Cost ratio -------------------------------------------------------------------- 13,14

Value of life intro ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15,16

a) Human capital approach & problems -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16

b) Willingness to pay approach, advantages vs disadvantages, CBA procedure steps-------------------- 17,18

Applications of CBA in WW projects intro, Cost of Action/No Action-------------------------------------------19

a) No action impact ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20

b) Action : Internal/External costs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21

Ponds vs Wetland CBA EX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21-24

CBA Steps scheme ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24

Added EX1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25

Added EX2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25 6