GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC

RAJKOT

ROTAMETER
 FLULD FLOW OPERESAN [ MICRO PROJECT ]

•Enrollment no:- Name of students

226200305174. Pathar priyankbhai samatbhai

•226200305175. Pathar.Yuvrajkumar maramanbhai

226200305177. Polara Het jagdishbhai
226200305178. Rakholiya Manthankumar kiritkumar
 ROTAMETER
In the orifice meter Or venturi meter (variable
head meters). The area of constriction
flow is constant and the differential pressure
area flow rate discharge, while in the variable
area meter, the pressure drop across.
•The meter is constant and the flow rate is a function of
the.
Area of constriction/ area of flow.
Thus, any change in the flow can be measured
in area.
•Of constriction. /area of flow. The most important
area.
Meter is the rotametet.
FIG. ROTAMETER
 PRINCIPLE :-

•It is a variable area meter which works on the

principle of upthurst forcexerted by fluid and force of gravity

•“The buoyant force exerted on

an immersed object is equal to
the weight of liquid displaced
by that object.”
•Rotameter operates on the principle that is adiffererent
constriction /orifice area
(flow area) for each flow rate and the pressure drop across
the meter is constant.
In other words , the pressure drop across the meter is
constant and the area through which the fluid flows varies
with the flow rate.
 CONSTRICTION:-

•It consists of a tapered glass tube mounted vertically in a frame

with the lare end up. The tube contains a freely moving solid
float. The diameter of the float is smaller than rhe diameter of
the bottom of the tapered tube. The density of a float material is
higher than that of the liquid. A perforated plate is provided at
both the ends of the tapered tube or arresting the float in the
tube. A guide is provided for the float so it always remains at
the center in the tube along the axis of the tube
•The float usually constructed out of corrosion
resistanceMaterials such as stainless steel (SS 304 or SS I
316), aluminium, monel, bronze, nickel plastics. The float
material decides the flow range of the meter.
Tapered tube : The tapered tube is placevertically in the
flow channel with a conicalshape inside. The quantity
measured isdefined by the height of float going up.
Glasstubes are used for both liquid and gasmeasurement.
Metallic tubes are used where
the process fluid with high temperature and pressure.
FLOAT : STAINLESS STEAL FLOATS ARE COMMONLY USED, THERE
ARE DIFERENT TYPES OF METALS FROM LEAD TO ALUMINIUM
USED AS FLOATS. A FLOAT MATERIAL, SHAPES ARE ALSO
VARIED ACCORDING TO APPLICATIONS CONSIDERING DENSITY.
SPHERICALSHAPE FLOATS ARE USED FOR SMALL FLOWS.
For low pressure and temperature applications, glass tubes
are used but for opaque liquids, high temperature and
pressure applications or for other conditions where glass is
impracticable (not suitable), metal tubes are used. When a
metal tube is used (the float in this case is invisible) or when
a liquid is very dark or dirty, an external indicator is required
(for the meter reading ).
WORKING:-

•Fluid enters from the bottom of the tapered tube, then some of
the fluid strikes directly into the float bottom and others pass
aside the float. Now the float experience two forces in opposite
direction, darg force upward and gravitational force downward.
Fluid flow moves the float upward againstgravity. At some
point, the flowing area reaches point where the
pressure-induced force on the floating body exactly matches the
weight of the float. The float wil find equilibrium when the area
around float generates enough drag equal to weight –
buoyancy.
•As the float weight and gravity are constant, oat displaced
upward is
distance the proportional to the flow velocity of the fluid
passing through the tapered tube.
• WORKING
CASE-1: When flow is high (high velocity measurement).
In this case the float is pulled in upward direction.
When this float or gravity pull will balance the
push, then float will be in equilibrium.
Then we can get reading from the graduated scale
and the flow will get outside in regular way

• CASE-2 : When flow is slow (low velocity measurement).

The float will go in downward direction.
The force of gravity becomes more stronger than up-
thrust force. The float settles down and we can get the readings as the same.
•Thank you