Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

Simple Present Gramática básica en

inglés, de Antonio
Class #2 Ortiz

MODULE 1.
We use the present simple when something is generally or always true.
People need food.
It snows in winter here.
Two and two make four.
2: Similarly, we need to use this tense for a situation that we think is more or less permanent.
(See the present continuous for temporary situations.)
Where do you live?
She works in a bank.
I don't like mushrooms.
3: The next use is for habits or things that we do regularly. We often use adverbs of
frequency (such as 'often', 'always' and 'sometimes') in this case, as well as expressions
like 'every Sunday' or 'twice a month'. (See the present continuous for new, temporary or
annoying habits).
Do you smoke?
I play tennis every Tuesday.
I don't travel very often.
4: We can also use the present simple for short actions that are happening now. The actions
are so short that they are finished almost as soon as you've said the sentence. This is often
used with sports commentary.
He takes the ball, he runs down the wing, and he scores!

MAKE THE PRESENT SIMPLE, POSITIVE, NEGATIVE OR

QUESTION:

1. I _________________ (be) in a café now.

2. _________________ (she / play) tennis every week?
3. They _________________ (go) to the cinema every Wednesday.
4. _________________ (she / be) a singer?
5. You _________________ (find) the weather here cold.

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

6. _________________ (they / be) on the bus?

7. Lucy _________________ (ride) her bicycle to work.
8. Why _________________ (he / be) in France?
9. I _________________ (not / play) the piano often.
10. It _________________ (not / be) cold today.
11. We _________________ (be) from Portugal.
12. _________________ (we / make) too much noise at night?
13. Where _________________ (Harry / study)?

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

Tag Questions Gramática básica en

inglés, de Antonio
Class #3 Ortiz

Tag questions are made using an auxiliary verb (for example: be or have) and a subject
pronoun (for example: I, you, she). Negative question tags are usually contracted: It's warm
today, isn't it (not 'is it not')
Usually if the main clause is positive, the question tag is negative, and if the main clause is
negative, it's positive. For example: It's cold (positive), isn't it (negative)? And: It isn't cold
(negative), is it (positive)?
If the main clause has an auxiliary verb in it, you use the same verb in the tag question. If
there is no auxiliary verb (in the present simple and past simple) use do / does / did (just like
when you make a normal question).

THERE IS ONE WEIRD EXCEPTION: THE QUESTION

TAG AFTER I AM IS AREN'T I.

• Present simple 'be' She's Italian, isn't she?

• Present simple other verbs They live in London, don't they?
• Present continuous We're working tomorrow, aren't we?
• Past simple 'be' It was cold yesterday, wasn't it?
• Past simple other verbs He went to the party last night, didn't he?
• Past continuous We were waiting at the station, weren't we?
• Present perfect They've been to Japan, haven't they?

Complete the followin exercises.

We aren't late,__________?
She doesn't have any children, does she?
The bus isn't coming,_______?
She wasn't at home yesterday,___________?
They didn't go out last Sunday,______________?
You weren't sleeping,____________?
She hasn't eaten all the cake, ____________?
He hasn't been running in this weather,_____________?
We hadn't been to London before,_______________?
You hadn't been sleeping, ____________?

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

WH-questions Gramática básica en

inglés, de Antonio
Class #5 Ortiz

MAKE A QUESTION WITH ‘BE’:T I.

1. Where / John?

__Where is John?______________________________________________

2. Why / they / hungry?

__Why are they hungry?________________________________________

3. Where / we?

_______________________________________________________________

4. Who / you?

_______________________________________________________________

5. Why / he / late?

_______________________________________________________________

6. What / this?

_______________________________________________________________

7. Where / Jimmy ?

_______________________________________________________________

8. How old / she ?

_______________________________________________________________

9. How / you ?

_______________________________________________________________

10. Where / the station?

_______________________________________________________________

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

Present Progressive Gramática básica en

inglés, de Antonio
Class # 6 Ortiz

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE/ CONTINUOS

1: First, we use the present continuous for things that are happening at the moment of
speaking. These things usually last for quite a short time and they are not finished when
we are talking about them.
I'm working at the moment.
Please call back as we are eating dinner now.
Julie is sleeping.
2: We can also use this tense for other kinds of temporary situations, even if the action isn't
happening at this moment.
John's working in a bar until he finds a job in his field. (He might not be working now.)
I'm reading a really great book.
She's staying with her friend for a week.
Compare this with the present simple, which is used for permanent situations that we feel
will continue for a long time.
I work in a school. (I think this is a permanent situation.)
I'm working in a school. (I think this is a temporary situation.)
3: We can use the present continuous for temporary or new habits (for normal habits that
continue for a long time, we use the present simple). We often use this with expressions
like 'these days' or 'at the moment'.
He's eating a lot these days.
She's swimming every morning (she didn't use to do this).
You're smoking too much.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE

FORM 1

Make the present continuous:

1. (he / walk to school now)

____He’s walking to school now.__________________________________

2. (I / study at the moment)

_______________________________________________________________

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

3. (I / not / sleep)

_______________________________________________________________

4. (you / play badminton tonight)

_______________________________________________________________

5. (we / watch TV)

_______________________________________________________________

6. (she / not / work in Spain)

_______________________________________________________________

7. (he / not / wait for the bus)

_______________________________________________________________

8. (they / read)

_______________________________________________________________

9. (we / not / go to the cinema tonight)

_______________________________________________________________

10. (you / not / read the newspaper)

_______________________________________________________________

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

Simple Past Gramática básica en

inglés, de Antonio
classes 10 and 11 Ortiz

Make the past simple, positive, negative or question:

1. I _________________ (work) in a bank for ten years.

2. Where _________________ (you / live) when you were young?
3. She _________________ (not / study) French at university.
4. He _________________ (travel) through the Middle East last year.
5. _________________ (they / visit) the Louvre in Paris?
6. She _________________ (not / watch) TV yesterday.
7. We _________________ (buy) a new car last weekend.
8. Where _________________ (you / teach) before you came here?
9. He _________________ (not / think) that he was right.
10. I _________________ (cook) steak last night.
11. _________________ (Lucy / read) ‘War and Peace’ at school?
12. She _________________ (not / write) to her grandmother.
13. We _________________ (have) a computer when I was a child.
14. Where _________________ (you / go) on holiday?
15. I _________________ (love) ice cream when I was a child.
16. They _________________ (not / meet) yesterday.
17. _________________ (she / swim) in the sea in Greece?
18. We _________________ (not / play) tennis yesterday because it was raining.
19. He _________________ (try) to lift the box but he couldn’t.
20. What _________________ (you / eat) for lunch?

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

Past Progressive Continuos

Class # 12 Gramática básica en
inglés, de Antonio
Ortiz

Make the past continuous (choose positive, negative or question):

1. (they / take the exam?)

__________________________________________________________________
2. (when / he / work there?)
__________________________________________________________________
3. (you / make dinner?)
__________________________________________________________________
4. (they / drink coffee when you arrived?)
__________________________________________________________________
5. (when / we / sleep?)
__________________________________________________________________
6. (they / study last night)
__________________________________________________________________
7. (we / talk when the accident happened)
__________________________________________________________________
8. (he / not / exercise enough)
__________________________________________________________________
9. (I / talk too much?)
__________________________________________________________________
10. (it / not / snow)
__________________________________________________________________

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

The Present Perfect

Class #15 Gramática básica en
inglés, de Antonio
Ortiz

To make the positive present perfect tense, use:

'have' / 'has' + the past participle
Make the past participle by adding 'ed' to regular verbs (for example, 'play' becomes
'played')
There are a few verbs that change their spelling when you add 'ed' (for example, 'study'
becomes 'studied')

MAKE THE PAST CONTINUOUS (CHOOSE POSITIVE, NEGATIVE OR QUESTION):

1. (I / go / to the library today)

_______________________________________________________________
2. (you / keep a pet for three years)
_______________________________________________________________
3. (you / eat Thai food before?)
_______________________________________________________________
4. (it / rain all day?)
_______________________________________________________________
5. (who / we / forget to invite?)
_______________________________________________________________
6. (we / not / hear that song already)
_______________________________________________________________
7. (he / not / forget his books)
_______________________________________________________________
8. (she / steal all the chocolate!)
_______________________________________________________________
9. (I / explain it well?)
_______________________________________________________________
10. (who / he / meet recently?)
_______________________________________________________________

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

Adverbs
Class # 16 Gramática básica en
inglés, de Antonio
Ortiz

With the present simple, we often use adverbs of frequency to say 'how often' we do
something. Here's a list of common adverbs:

👉 always
👉 frequently
👉 generally
👉 hardly ever
👉 infrequently
👉 never
👉 normally
👉 occasionally
👉 often
👉 rarely
👉 regularly
👉 seldom
👉 sometimes
👉 usually

WE USUALLY PUT THESE ADVERBS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE SENTENCE,

BETWEEN THE SUBJECT AND THE VERB:

👉 I often go to the cinema.

👉 She sometimes visits me at home.
👉 We usually drink coffee.
👉 We can also put them at the very beginning or end of the sentence. This makes them
stronger:
👉 Often I go to the cinema.
👉 I go to the cinema often.
👉 But never: I go often to the cinema.

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

Here are some other expressions we can use to say 'how often'. All of these longer
phrases go at the beginning or the end of the sentence but not in the middle.

👉 once in a while: I go to the cinema once in a while.

👉 every now and again: She drinks wine every now and again.
👉 from time to time: From time to time I visit my mother.

To say how often something happens, you can use a number or 'several' or 'many',
followed by 'times'.( If the number is one, use 'once' instead of 'one time'. If the number
is two use 'twice,' instead of 'two times') Then add 'a' and a period of time:

👉 I go to the cinema twice a week.

👉 She takes these tablets three times a day.
👉 I change the sheets once a fortnight (fortnight = two weeks).
👉 I meet him several times a year.
👉 I visit my parents once a month.

We can also use 'every' + period of time:

👉 every morning
👉 every day
👉 every Tuesday
👉 every week
👉 every month.

A day of the week with 's' at the end (for example 'on Tuesdays') means the same as 'every
Tuesday':
I take a dance class on Wednesdays.
I relax on Saturdays.

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

The Past Perfect

Class # 18 Gramática básica en
inglés, de Antonio
Ortiz

We usually use the past perfect to make it clear which action happened first. Maybe we
are already talking about something in the past and we want to mention something else
that is further back in time. This is often used to explain or give a reason for something
in the past.
I'd eaten dinner so I wasn't hungry.
It had snowed in the night, so the bus didn't arrive.

MAKE THE PAST PERFECT:

1. When I arrived at the cinema, the film ____________________ (start).

2. She ____________________ (live) in China before she went to Thailand.

3. After they ____________________ (eat) the shellfish, they began to feel sick.

4. If you ____________________ (listen) to me, you would have got the job.

5. Julie didn’t arrive until after I ____________________ (leave).

6. When we ____________________ (finish) dinner, we went out.

7. The garden was dead because it ____________________ (be) dry all summer.

8. He ____________________ (meet) her before somewhere.

9. We were late for the plane because we ____________________ (forgot)our

passports.

10. She told me that she ____________________ (study) a lot before the exam.

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Crehana l Gramática básica en inglés

The Past Perfect

Class # 18 Gramática básica en
inglés, de Antonio
Ortiz

We usually use the past perfect to make it clear which action happened first. Maybe we
are already talking about something in the past and we want to mention something else
that is further back in time. This is often used to explain or give a reason for something
in the past.
I'd eaten dinner so I wasn't hungry.
It had snowed in the night, so the bus didn't arrive.

MAKE THE PAST PERFECT:

1. When I arrived at the cinema, the film ____________________ (start).

2. She ____________________ (live) in China before she went to Thailand.

3. After they ____________________ (eat) the shellfish, they began to feel sick.

4. If you ____________________ (listen) to me, you would have got the job.

5. Julie didn’t arrive until after I ____________________ (leave).

6. When we ____________________ (finish) dinner, we went out.

7. The garden was dead because it ____________________ (be) dry all summer.

8. He ____________________ (meet) her before somewhere.

9. We were late for the plane because we ____________________ (forgot)our

passports.

10. She told me that she ____________________ (study) a lot before the exam.

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