General Physics 1

Problem set # 3 – Fluid Mechanics

1. The current gold price per pound as of 2022 is $22,372.00. How much a 1 in 3 of gold cost?

2. The weight of a car is equally supported by its four tires. The gauge pressure in the tire is 2.0
bar and each tire has an area of 140 cm 2 in contact with ground. What is the mass of the car?

3. The British gold sovereign coin is an alloy of gold and copper having a total mass of 7.988 g
and is 22-karat gold. (a) Find the mass of gold in the sovereign in kilograms using the fact that
the number of karats 24 (mass of gold)/(total mass). (b) Calculate the volumes of gold and
copper, respectively, used to manufacture the coin. (c) Calculate the density of the British
sovereign coin.

4. When you suddenly stand up after lying down for a while, your body may not compensate
quickly enough for the pressure changes and you might feel dizzy for a moment. If the gauge
pressure of the blood at your heart is 13.3 kPa and your body doesn’t compensate, (a) what
would the pressure be at your head, 50.0 cm above your heart? (b) What would it be at your
feet, 1.3 x 102 cm below your heart? Hint: The density of blood is 1,060 kg/m3

5. A collapsible plastic bag contains a glucose solution. If the average gauge pressure in the vein
is 1.3x103 Pa, what must be the minimum height h of the bag in order to infuse glucose into
the vein? Assume the specific gravity of the solution is 1.02.
6. An object weighing 300 N in air is immersed in water after being tied to a string
connected to a balance. The scale now reads 265 N. Immersed in oil, the object appears
to weigh 275 N. Find (a) the density of the object and (b) the density of the oil.

7. A 62.0-kg survivor of a cruise line disaster rests atop a block of Styrofoam insulation,
using it as a raft. The Styrofoam has dimensions 2.00 m 2.00 m 0.090 0 m. The bottom
0.024 m of the raft is submerged. (a) Draw a free-body diagram of the system consisting
of the survivor and raft. (b) Write Newton’s second law for the system in one dimension,
using FB for buoyancy, w for the weight of the survivor, and wr for the weight of the raft.
(Set a = 0.) (c) Calculate the numeric value for the buoyancy, FB. (Seawater has density 1
025 kg/m3.) (d) Using the value of B and the weight w of the survivor, calculate the
weight wr of the Styrofoam. (e) What is the density of the Styrofoam? (f) What is the
maximum buoyant force, corresponding to the raft being submerged up to its top
surface? (g) What total mass of survivors can the raft support?

8. Water flowing through a garden hose of diameter 2.74 cm fills a 25.0-L bucket in 1.50
min. (a) What is the speed of the water leaving the end of the hose? (b) A nozzle is now
attached to the end of the hose. If the nozzle diameter is one-third the diameter of the
hose, what is the speed of the water leaving the nozzle?

9. (a) Calculate the mass flow rate (in grams per second) of blood ( ρ =1.0 g/cm3) in an
aorta with a cross- sectional area of 2.0 cm2 if the flow speed is 40 cm/s. (b) Assume
that the aorta branches to form a large number of capillaries with a combined cross-
sectional area of 3x103 cm2. What is the flow speed in the capillaries?