Unit 8: Change

Discussion point
1. How much of the information in the infographic where you familiar with

Most of this information I have read on social networks and try to perform these
instructions regularly. For example, the utensils I use directly such as
toothbrushes, mattresses, and pillows, ... have a certain term to stay healthy, so I
will monitor the time of use and change them accordingly instruction

2. Why do people change items less often than recommended?

There are many reasons why people change items less often than recommended.

The first reason is the habit of using things, they often subjectively think that
this utensil is still usable, so they will still use it when it is no longer useful. for
example, a toothbrush that is in good use, but has been used for too long can
cause bacteria or mold, but the user does not realize it and continues to use
those objects.

The second may be due to the expensive cost of replacing something in the
house, often people tend to buy items with a longer shelf life than if they have
to change those items on a regular basis.

The third one is a lack of understanding. They may not know these
recommendations.

3. Why do people change items more often than needed?

I think that the reasons are preference and convenience. With many options for
utensils such as a variety of designs and prices, we could afford those items
easily if we want to change new things or keep up with the latest trends. We
also prefer to use newer items.

4. What are the wider benefits and drawbacks of replacing items?

Advantage:

+Helps the market to increase the economic income of being purchased on a

regular basis so that the quantity and price of items can be increased to meet
customer demand.

+Make their lives better and ensure their health.

+Adapting to the development of today's life, developed products or
technologies make their lives more comfortable.

Disadvantage:

+ Pollution: With the mass production and the amount of old products (which
can still be used) discharged into ponds, rivers, streams, and soil, seriously
affecting the ecosystem.

+ Expensive costs (for families who only have a normal standard of living but
must also change to meet the needs of today's life)

+ The economy can be affected if there is a backlog of old products that have
not been sold out but have to produce new ones, leading to a serious decline in
prices in the manufacturing industry.

Video
Before you watch
Constraints (n) /kənˈstreɪnt/ Limitations or khó khăn, hạn chế
restrictions
diligent (adj) /ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/ being careful and siêng năng, cần
conscientious in cù
work
latch on to /lætʃ/ attach to đính kèm, bám
vào
proximity (n) /prɑːkˈsɪməti/ nearness sự gần gũi, thân
thiện
segregation (n) /ˌseɡrɪˈɡeɪʃn/ the separation of sự phân biệt
different types of
people
unchaperoned [unchaperoned] without không có người đi
(adj) supervision kèm

While you watch

1 Not many Saudi women wish to work. 1. F

2 It is difficult to employ Saudi women because they 2. T
 cannot work close to
unmarried Saudi men. 3. T
3 Saudi women wish to work in order to help support their
families.
4. F
4 Private companies don’t like employing Saudi women. 5. T
5 Muna Abusulayman thinks it’s more important to get a
job than to wait for the perfect job.

After you watch

1, What did you learn about the roles of women in Saudi Arabia?
Qua video đã xem, tôi thấy phụ nữ ở Saudi Arabia rất tuyệt vời. Họ có mong
muốn đi làm để kiếm tiền đóng góp cho gia đình. Họ là những người đồng
nghiệp chăm chỉ và thân thiện. Họ là 1 người phụ nữ tốt

From what the video mentioned, I suppose the women in Saudi Arabia play an
important role in helping and contributing to the family, especially due to the
recent increase in the cost of living.

2 What do you think about Muna Abusulayman’s advice?

In my opinion, Muna Abusulayman's advice is helpful for women in Saudi

Arabia. Because it is not easy to get an ideal job as a starting point. In the
meantime, they could get more experience by signing onto training programs or
taking in volunteer work to show their diligence and seriousness about work.

3 How would you feel about working for free in order to gain the experience
you need for a better job?

It depends, but in most cases, I’d say yes. At the very least, such work gives you credible
experience to put on your resume, in addition to providing you more networking
opportunities. However, getting a job for free can be very difficult because you
will have to face a tight financial situation, work environment( People May Try
to Take Advantage of You)

4 What would be your ideal job?

My ideal job is as an English teacher

Listening 1: All change, please

Vocabulary preview
 1. Campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ a series of actions Chiến dịch
(n) intended to produce
political
or social change
2. cutthroat ['kʌtθrout] describing Thủ đoạn
(adj) situations when
people behave
unfairly to get an
advantage
3. directive (n) /dəˈrektɪv/ an official order Chỉ thị
4. do away to get rid of Loại bỏ
with (v) something
5. feasible /ˈfiːzəbl/ possible or likely to có thể thực
(adj) succeed hiện, khả thi
6. glimpse (n) /ɡlɪmps/ when you see Cái nhìn
someone or thoáng qua
something for a
moment only
7. infrastructur /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ the set of systems Cơ sở hạ tầng
e (n) within an
organization that
affect operations
8. vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/ weak or easy to hurt dễ bị tổn
physically or thương
mentally
Global listening
Close listening
Critical thinking
Advantages Of Technology

● Increase production: the technology helps increase production

multiple times. Human efforts and energy of working are limited.
But with machinery, the production can be multiplied the number of
times as machines have the capability to perform better. The work
done by the machine is more accurate and is done with perfection.
All the products are alike, which is not possible in the case of
human efforts. Technology has helped people make profits multiple
times.
● Saves times: today, time is money. Thus, technology helps to save a
lot of time and increases efficiency and productivity. We can
complete huge tasks within less time. Today everything is
automated, and this technology helps to save a lot of time in doing
things that are not possible by humans. Example: If you do not have
the time to buy clothes, just shop online, and you will get the
delivery at your doorsteps. Thus, it is through technology that one
can use time on other important things.
 ● Technology helps improve services: in case you buy a television,
and it stops after a few days. You need not worry as the TV is in the
warranty period. You can simply call the company or its customer
care and get your TV fixed. Thus, with a simple phone call or mail,
things have become so easy.
● Easy and quick communication: technology has made
communication just a button away. With a click of a button, you can
make calls, send emails, fax, order things online, and do a lot of
things with the help of technology. Technology has helped us in
giving better modes of communication. Now you don’t need to
write letters to your loved ones if you are missing them. Do a video
call and feel them close to you.
● Reduces online crime/cybercrime: today, the technology is so
advanced that there are apps made to find fraud within seconds.
Cyber-attacks have reduced as there are advanced algorithms made
to detect any kind of cybercrime.
● Has increased safety: technology has increased the safety of
people. With the help of technology, there are CCTV cameras made
that keeps your valuables at the shop and home safe. Everything is
captured in the camera, and finding the thief becomes easy. Even
our mobile phones, laptops, Godrej locker, have lock systems that
keep our data and other valuables safe. You can use fingerprint, eye,
or face recognition to open your phone, laptop, and other devices.

Disadvantages of Technology

● Unemployment: Technology has brought unemployment to a great

extent with the advancement of technology. People are being
dependent on computers for every work and also for their existence.
This further has brought unemployment as a single computer is
capable of doing the work of so many people that too in very less
time.
● Data security: Today, your data is not at all safe with you as there
are people who know the use of technology and have become
hackers. Using the latest technology, they can hack your computer,
bank accounts, office data, and a lot more just by sitting at home. It
has become risky to share OTP and other details online as the risk of
fraud is high. Sharing a single piece of information online clearly
means that there are vast chances of data reaching the hands of
criminals, hackers, terrorists, and foreign enemies.
● People get distracted easily; People get distracted easily by using
different gadgets rather than going through something fruitful. There
 are social media that has kept youngsters, adults, and children
engaged, and thus they get distracted from doing their daily chores.
Kids find it hard to concentrate on their studies as most of them
today own a laptop or a phone.
● Health issues: People today are so obsessed with technology that
they forget to care about their own health. This affects their health in
different ways. They have eye-sight problems, obesity, insomnia,
and a lot more. Some people cannot sleep without using their
phones. Some cannot focus on their studies as they have a habit of
checking their phone every now and then.
● People get involved in seeing unwanted things: due to the
internet, people, especially students and youngsters, get involved in
seeing the wrong apps. They are using apps that are not legal and
are good for their growing minds. Things that are not pleasing
become entertainment for some just because of the internet and
technology.
● Addiction: some people have an addiction to playing online games,
using dating websites, watching a movie every night. There are
people who have an addiction to gambling online which has its own
diverse effects. In addition to anything, even technology is bad.

Listening 2
A Vocabulary preview

Addictive (adj) /əˈdɪktɪv/ so enjoyable that you gây nghiện

want to have it as
often as
possible
Agenda (n) /əˈdʒendə/ all the things that kế hoạch công
need to be done, việc
thought about,
or solved
angle (n) /ˈæŋɡl/ a particular way of góc nhìn
thinking about
something
coverage (n) /ˈkʌvərɪdʒ/ news about Việc đưa tin trên
something on TV or báo đài
 radio or in the
newspapers
exaggerate (v) /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt/ to describe cường điệu,
something in a way phóng đại
that makes it seem,
e.g., better or worse
than it really is
insight (n) /ˈɪnsaɪt/ a chance to thấu hiểu sâu sắc,
understand cái nhìn
something or learn
more
about it
perception (n) /pəˈsepʃn/ a particular way of nhận thức, nhìn
understanding or nhận
thinking about
something
revert to (v) /rɪˈvɜːt/ to return to a trở lại
previous state or way
of behaving

1 Social networking is highly addictive and needs to be controlled.

2 government/ national news coverage is the most reliable.
3 Companies tend to exaggerate their accomplishments
4 In times of change, it is too easy to revert to …
5 Plan/ deadlines should make sure everyone is aware of the agenda.
6 People’s perceptions are often based on social norms or standards
7 We can get a great deal of insight by updating the information more
frequently.
8 Broadcast companies need to find a particular angle to access to many
audiences

Global Listening
2.
3.

Close listening
1,
2,
1
Critical thinking