J.

H CERILLES STATE COLLEGE

Balangasan District, Pagadian City
In consortium with
WESTERN MINDANO STATE UNIVERSITY
Zambonga City

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY

The Information Age

(Gutenberg to Social Media)

GROUP 1

Balimbingan, Meshael E.

Calalagan, Mofid T.

Israel, Princess Hannah M.

Mamaneto, Hozaima S.
The Objective
At the end of the topic, the students are expected to:
- Explain the importance of the social media sites to modern day living
- Explain the importance of information for communication process
- Be familiar with the important key element in the communication process

“Technology has the power to transform society. The most famous example of this is German
craftsman Johannes Gutenberg’s invention of the printing press in the fifteenth century”.
The Information Age
The Information Age is the idea that access to and control of information is the defining characteristic
of this current era in human civilization. The period of human history typically described by the change
from traditional industry to an economy based on information computerization is known as:
Information Age, Digital Age, and New Media Age

In this period of time, where Gutenberg principle was formed and that principle is stated as “the
massive distribution of information in an expensive manner because it is institutionalized” Before the
rise of computers, information was being spread using print out materials. Johannes Gutenberg, a
German blacksmith and publisher who introduced “movable type printing” in Europe, established
what we called Gutenberg era which is responsible for shaping the nature of society and its underlying
institutions.
The Pre-Gutenberg World
Information could be processed in a tendinous manner. Books were written and produced by handmade
in surfaces of clay, wax, papyrus and parchment. Restricted only to those people, called as the “elite
group of people”. Information was only relayed to other through a word-of-mouth channel.
The Gutenberg Revolution
It begun with the introduction of printing, specifically the movable printing press, by Gutenberg.
Books printed in the Gutenberg era were called incunabula (meaning cradle or birthplace). This
technology eventually diffused form Mainz to Subiaco in Italy, Paris and then London. Most books
that were first printed were that of religious texts of the medieval period that were initially written in
Latin. Scientific and geographic discoveries spread at a fast rate as well as medical books were also
published.
The rise of institutionalized and mediated channels was evident during this time and its best example
was the “media” which can pass information through to people from all walks of life and this opened
the door to exceptional mass communications. But during this period of history, to distribute
information to a lot of listeners or viewers, one must have a ton of money at it was very costly. The
unprecedent discovery of printing press has contributed a lot to the world that was way impossible to
books or document written by hand making Johannes Gutenberg a man of mystery.
The Post-Gutenberg World
This era can be described as the emergence of the internet and the world wide web. It enabled people
to publish or spread the information.
The Rise of Digital Age
With the advent of modern technologies, printing press are not the only tools used in spreading
information. Nowadays, information is readily available to pass form on individual to another from
here to even faraway places.
Computer
Invented by Charles Babbage. Designed for mathematical calculations and simple decision-making
capabilities.
The Internet
Developed in California, US in the late 1960s. Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn are the people behind
this marvelous piece of technology. A global system of interconnected computer network.
World Wide Web
Commonly known as ‘WWW’, ‘Web’, or ‘W3’. Invented by Sir Tim Berners-Lee, a British computer
scientist that started in 1990s. One of the services that run on the internet. A system of interlinked
hypertext documents accessed via internet.
Electronic Mail (E-MAIL)
Invented by V.A Shiva Ayyadurai, an Indian-born American scientist and entrepreneur. An avenue
by which messages are exchanged between people from different locations at a faster rate.
Facebook
A website launched in February 4, 2004 by a computer programmer, Mark Elliot Zuckerberg together
with his fellow students in Harvard College and with other roommates. A social networking site that
makes it easy for you to connect and share with family and friends online.
X
Formerly known as Twitter, is a free social networking site where users broadcast short posts known
as tweets. These tweets can contain text, videos, photos or links. Twitter was created in march 2006
by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Tone, and Evan Williams.

Messenger
Originally developed as Facebook Chat in 2008 but changed its messaging service in 2010. An instant
messaging service and software application. This can be used to send messages to other people through
written messages, voice calls or video calls.
The birth of Facebook Messenger
In 2008, Facebook launched its internal messaging service called Facebook Messenger. This feature
allowed users to communicate via instant messages and send each other private messages. Initially,
this feature was limited to users on the website. But in 2011, Facebook launched its own independent
mobile application. With this, users could send messages, photos and videos directly from their
phones. Since then, Facebook Messenger has become one of the most popular messaging services in
the world. It now has more than 1.3 billion active users.
Messenger becomes more than a messaging application
Over the years, Facebook has continued to add many features to Messenger. In the mid-2010s, the app
introduced integrations with third-party apps, such as Spotify and Pinterest. More recently, Facebook
has added artificial intelligence tools to Messenger to improve the usability of the application. These
tools can be used to automatically provide suggestions and advice to users, making the conversation
smoother and faster.
YouTube
YouTube is an American online video-sharing platform headquartered in San Bruno, California,
founded by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim– in
February 2005. Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion, since which it operates
as one of Google's subsidiaries.
Today’s on-line largest destination and the third most visited website. This website makes its way
through the social media via the tandem of Chad Hurley and Steve Chen. In 2005, during Valentine’s
Day, Hurley registered the logo and domain of YouTube. After three months, a small group of
employees launched the site www.youtube.com, one of the best ways to watch videos that can also be
shared. It contains videos about enormous aspects of life through this website.
YouTube allows users to upload videos, view them, rate them with likes and dislikes, share them, add
videos to playlists, report, make comments on videos, and subscribe to other users. The slogan
"Broadcast Yourself" used for several years and the reference to user profiles as "Channels" signifies
the premise upon which the platform is based, of allowing anyone to operate a personal broadcasting
station in resemblance to television with the extension of video on demand.
As such, the platform offers a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos. Available
content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio
recordings, movie trailers, live streams, and other content such as video blogging, short original
videos, and educational videos.
Google
Google began as an online search firm, but it now offers more than 50 Internet services and products,
from e-mail and online document creation to software for mobile phones and tablet computers. In
addition, its 2012 acquisition of Motorola Mobility put it in the position to sell hardware in the form
of mobile phones. Google’s broad product portfolio and size make it one of the top four influential
companies in the high-tech marketplace, along with Apple, IBM, and Microsoft.

Despite this myriad of products, its original search tool remains the core of its success. In 2016
Alphabet earned nearly all of its revenue from Google advertising based on users’ search requests.
Larry Page and Sergey Brin, both PhD students at Stanford University developed Google as a research
project in 1996. The domain “google.com” was registered in September 1997 and now the most used
search engine in the world wide web. It offers us a variety of features beyond searching for words,
these may include synonyms or word meanings, time zones, maps, weather forecasts, sports scores,
calculations, etc., and also for research or journal articles as references for theses and dissertations.
Yahoo in Japan is one of the great competitors of Google.

Google may be a synonym for search, but it’s not restricted to that feature alone. If you are not a tech-
savvy person then chances are that you are unaware about majority of Google’s products and services.
Anyway, how many Google products and services do you use? The common answers will be Gmail,
Google Drive, Google Maps, Google Chrome, YouTube, or an Android. But Google is well beyond
that.
"Over 3 billion Google Searches per day. Over 1 billion YouTube users. Over 1 billion Gmail users.
Over 1 billion Chrome users. Over 1 billion Maps users. Over 1 billion Google Photos users. Over 2
billion Android users. Over 1 billion Google Play Store users. Over $1 trillion market capitalization."
That’s the stats of Google." Over 273 Google Products and Services that possible you don't know".
Instagram
Instagram was originally distinguished by allowing content to be framed only in a square (1:1) aspect
ratio of 640 pixels to match the display width of the iPhone at the time. In 2015, this restriction was
eased with an increase to 1080 pixels. It also added messaging features, the ability to include multiple
images or videos in a single post, and a Stories feature—similar to its main competitor Snapchat—
which allowed users to post their content to a sequential feed, with each post accessible to others for
24 hours. As of January 2019, Stories is used by 500 million people daily.
Created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger in October 2010 is a fun photography application that is
gaining fame all over the globe. This can be used to enhanced and give style to your photo which can
later be shared with other using the same application. A user-friendly app but other apps could also
provide the same features. Instagram originally launched for iOS. The Android version was released
in April 2012, followed by a feature-limited desktop interface in November 2012, a Fire OS app in
June 2014, and an app for Windows 10 in October 2016. As of October 2015, over 40 billion photos
had been uploaded.
In conclusion, their invention and use became a very significant part of economy and it gave great
impact in the workforce in many different ways. Workers who are not well-versed with automation
are forced to look for automated jobs and they also forced to compete globally competitive jobs and
worse, some workers are being replaced by computers which can make the job much faster and which
do not require compensation.
On lighter note, computerization has given much benefit to us. It resulted in high productivity in the
workplace. Nowadays, bills payment, bank transactions, online shopping, and the like are much easier
than without computers and internet. From Gutenberg to Information Age, evolution of technology
has made us realize that modernization of information and communication process have become the
power behind social evolution