▪Soda/Punch

▪Cookies
▪Candy
▪Chocolate
▪Desserts
▪Sugary Cereals
▪Ice cream
▪General names for carbohydrates include
sugars, starches, saccharides, and
polysaccharides.
▪The term saccharide is derived from the Latin
word "sacchararum" from the sweet taste of
sugars.
▪The name "carbohydrate" means a "hydrate of
carbon."
• There are a variety of interrelated
classification schemes. The most useful
classification scheme divides the
carbohydrates into groups according to the
number of individual simple sugar units.
 CARBOHYDRATES
▪
▪ Monosaccharides (single sugars)
▪ Disaccharides (double sugars)

▪
▪ Polysaccharides (many sugars)
 COMPLEX
SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES
CARBOHYDRATES

❑ CONTAINS SINGLE MONOSACCARIDES

❑ CONTAINS HUNDREDS AND
UNIT
THOUSANDS OF
MONOSACCARIDES UNIT
❑ EASY TO DIGEST
❑ TAKE TIME TO DIGEST
❑ MONOSACHARIDES AND
❑ POLYSACCHARIDES
DISACCHARIDES
❑ LESS SWEETNESS
❑ CONTAINS SWEETNESS
❑ SLOWLY RAISE BLOOD GLUCOSE
❑ QUICKLY RAISE BLOOD GLUCOSE
LEVELS
LEVELS
 Monosaccharides
C6H12O6
❑Glucose
❑Fructose
❑Galactose
 Glucose – dextrose or blood
sugar
1. Primary fuel for the body
2. Found in all disaccharides &
polysaccharides
 Fructose – fruit sugar
1. Found in fruit, honey, syrup
2. Converts to glucose in the body
Galactose – part of lactose
1. Found in milk
2. Converts to glucose
in the body
Disaccharides
❑Maltose
❑Sucrose
❑Lactose

Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

 Sucrose – table sugar

1. Glucose + Fructose
2. Refined from sugar beets &
cane
 Lactose – milk sugar
1. Glucose + Galactose
2. Lactose intolerance – missing
digestive enzyme needed to
split into two monodisaccharide
parts to absorb it
 Maltose – malt sugar

1. Glucose + Glucose
2. Found in germinating seeds & used in
fermentation to produce malted beverages
(beer, whiskey)
 Polysaccharides
❑Glycogen
❑Starch
❑Fibers

Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

Glycogen – long chains of glucose
found in animals
1. Stored in liver & muscles
2. Helps maintain blood glucose
and important source of “quick
energy”, esp. during exercise
(lasts only about 12 hrs)
Starch – long chains of glucose found
in plants
1. Cereal grains (wheat, rice,
corn, etc.), legumes (beans &
peas), and root vegetables (potatoes,
yams)
Fiber – mostly indigestible
CHO;gums, mucilages, lignin
1. Component of plant cell walls
2. Classified according to solubility
in water
3. Abundant in whole grains,
legumes, fruits and vegetables
1. Carbohydrates give the
body energy.
2. They are the best source
of fuel for the body.
Carbohydrates also help
to digest protein and fat.
2. 45-65% of our
Carbs
food should come Protein
from Fats

carbohydrates.
3. If we eat more
carbohydrates than
are needed for
energy, the extra is
stored in the liver or
in the tissues as fat.
5. Simple carbohydrates
are quick energy
sources. They come
from sugar. They do
not usually supply any
other nutrients or fiber.
6. Complex carbohydrates supply longer
lasting energy, as well as other nutrients and
fiber that the body needs. They are a better
choice.
7. Complex carbohydrates come from
starchy foods such as whole grains,
flour, seeds, nuts, vegetables and
fruits.
▪Eat less foods with added sugar.
▪Choose fiber-rich fruits,
vegetables and whole grains
more often.
▪Eat beans several times a week.
▪Brush teeth after eating foods with
sugar and starch.
✓Check out the Food Label:

Total Carbohydrate (g): Dietary Fiber,

Sugars, Other Carbohydrates (Complex)

List of ingredients: sugar, brown sugar, juice, fruit

juices, molasses, honey, syrup, malted corn sweetener,
corn syrup, maltose, fructose, lactose, glucose,
dextrose