Heat Transfer Level :200

Mechatronics Department Code: MTE 201

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Sheet 1- Introduction to Heat Transfer

Problem 1.1: The inner and outer surface temperatures of a glass window 5 mm thick are 15 and 5 ̊C.
calculate the heat flux and the heat loss through a window that is 1 m by 3 m on a side? The thermal
conductivity of glass is 1.4 W/m ̊C.

Problem 1.2: An electric current is passed through a wire 1 mm in diameter and 10 cm long. The wire is
submerged in liquid water at atmospheric pressure, and the current is increased until the water boils. For this
situation h = 5000 W/ m2· ̊C, and the water temperature will be 100 ̊C. How much electric power must be
supplied to the wire to maintain the wire surface at 114 ̊C?

Problem 1.3: Consider a person standing in a room at 23°C. Deter mine the total rate of heat transfer
from this person if the exposed surface area and the skin temperature of the person are 1.7 m2 and 32°C,
respectively, and the convection heat transfer coefficient is 5 W/m2 °C. Take the emissivity of the skin
and the clothes to be 0.9, and assume the temperature of the inner surfaces of the room to be the same as
the air temperature.

Tsurr

23

Qrad

32C

=0.9

Problem 1.4: A glass window of width W = 1 m and height H = 2 m is 5 mm thick and has a thermal
conductivity of k =1.4 W/m ̊C. If the inner and outer surface temperatures of the glass are 15°C and -20°C,
respectively, on a cold winter day, what is the rate of heat loss through the glass? To reduce heat loss
through windows, it is customary to use a double pane construction in which adjoining panes are separated
by an air space. If the spacing is 10 mm and the glass surfaces in contact with the air have temperatures of
10° C and -15°C, what is the rate of heat loss from a 1 m × 2 m window? The thermal conductivity of air is
k = 0.024 W/m ̊C.

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 Heat Transfer Level :200

Mechatronics Department Code: MTE 201

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Problem 1.5: You’ve experienced convection cooling if you’ve ever extended your hand out the
window of a moving vehicle or into a flowing water stream. With the surface of your hand at a
temperature of 30°C, determine the convection heat flux for (a) a vehicle speed of 35 km/h in air at
-5°C with a convection coefficient of 40 W/m2 ̊K and (b) a velocity of 0.2 m/s in a water stream at
10°C with a convection coefficient of 900 W/m2 ̊K. Which condition would feel colder ? Contrast
these results with a heat loss of approximately 30 W/m under normal room conditions.

Problem 1.6: A 1200 W iron is left on the ironing board with its base exposed to the air. About 85 percent
of the heat generated in the iron is dissipated through its base whose surface area is 150 cm 2, and the
remaining 15 percent through other surfaces. Assuming the heat transfer from the surface to be uniform,
determine (a) the amount of heat the iron dissipates during a 2-hour period, in kWh, (b) the heat flux on
the surface of the iron base, in W/m2, and (c) the total cost of the electrical energy consumed during this
2-hour period. Take the unit cost of electricity to be $0.07/kWh.

Problem 1.7: The air inside an electronics package housing has a temperature of 50°C. A "chip" in this
housing has internal thermal power generation (heating) rate of 3x10-3 W. This chip is subjected to an
̊ over its two main surfaces which are 0.5
air flow resulting in a convective coefficient h of 9 W/m2. C
cm x 1.0 Cm. Determine the chip surface temperature neglecting radiation and heat transfer from the
edges.

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 Heat Transfer Level :200

Mechatronics Department Code: MTE 201

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Problem 1.8: A long, cylindrical electrically heated rod, 2 cm in diameter, is installed in a vacuum
furnace as shown in Fig. The surface of the heating rod has an emissivity of 0.9 and is maintained at
1000 K, while the interior walls of the furnace are black and are at 800 K. Calculate the net rate at which
heat is lost from the rod per unit length.