SOLUTION

SECTION A
1. (a) always irrational
Explanation: Product of a non–zero rational and an irrational number
is always irrational.
For example:
7 is rational and 2 is an irrational number.
9
Then,
7 × 2 = 7 2 , which is an irrational number.
9 9

2. (d) 675
Explanation: We know that,
a × b
LCM (a, b) = HCF( a, b)

So, LCM (a, b) = 30375 = 675
45

3. (d) none of these

Explanation: kx2 + 8x + 2 = 0
Here, a = k, b = 8, c =2 ( ax2 + bx + c = 0)
For real roots,
b2 – 4ac ≥ 0
82 – 4 × k × 2 ≥ 0
64 – 8k ≥ 0
8–k≥0
k≤8
4. (d) no solution
Explanation: We know that equation of the form ‘y = a’ is a line parallel
to the x-axis at a distance ‘a’ from it.
The given pair of equations are y = 0 and y = –7.
y = 0 is the equation of x-axis and y = –7 is the equation of the line
parallel to the x-axis. So, these two equations represent two parallel lines.

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 We know that parallel lines never intersect. So, there is no solution for
these lines.
5. (a) 2, –5
Explanation: Given,
x2 + 3x – 10 = 0
x2 + 5x – 2x – 10 = 0
x(x + 5) – 2(x + 5) = 0
(x + 5) (x – 2) = 0
x+5=0 x–2=0
x = –5 x=2
6. (d) (3, 0)
Explanation: Since, both the given points are on the x-axis, the mid-
point  −4 + 10 , 0 + 0  , i.e., (3, 0) lies on x-axis and is equidistant from (–4,
 
 2 2 
0) and (10, 0).

7. (c) ÐB = ÐD
Explanation:

In ΔABC and ΔDEF,

AB = BC [Given]
DE FD
Angle formed by sides AB and BC is Ð B.
Angle formed by sides DE and FD is Ð D.
So, by SAS similarity criterion, ∆ABC ~ ∆EDF if, Ð B = Ð D.
8. (c) 7r cm
Explanation: Total surface area of solid = CSA
of cylinder + CSA of hemisphere
= 2πrh + 2πr2
= 2πr(h + r)

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 Now, according to the question,
TSA of solid = Surface area of sphere
Where, radius of sphere,
R = 2r
So, TSA of solid = Surface area of sphere
2πr(h + r) = 4πR2
2πr(h + r) = 4π(2r)2
2πrh + 2πr2 = 16πr2
2πrh = 14πr2
2h = 14r
h = 7r cm
9. (a) 60 cm2
Explanation: We know that, tangent at any point on the circle is
perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact. Hence, we get
OQ ⊥ PQ and OR ⊥ PR.
Q
5 cm

P O
13 cm

∆POQ and ∆POR are right-angled triangles.

Using Pythagoras theorem in ∆PQO,
(Base)2 + (Perpendicular)2 = (Hypotenuse)2
(PQ)2 + (OQ)2 = (OP)2
(PQ)2 + (5)2 = (13)2
(PQ)2 + 25 = 169
(PQ)2 = 144
PQ = 12 cm
We know that tangents through an external point to a circle are equal.
∴ PQ = PR = 12 cm
Therefore, area of quadrilateral PQOR
= area of DPOQ + area of DPOR.
We know, area of right-angled triangle
= 1 × base × perpendicular
2

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 A =  1 × OQ × PQ  +  1 ×OR × PR 
 
∴
2  2 

A = 6 10 with 10 + 6 10 × 10 × 1

` A= 30 + 30 = 60 cm2
10. (b) a2
Explanation: Given, x = a sin and y = a cos
Squaring both sides in both equation, we get
x2 = a2 sin2 …(i)
y2 = a2 cos2  …(ii)
Adding the two equations, we get
x2 + y2 = a2 sin2 + a2 cos2
= a2 (sin2 + cos2 )
= a2  [... sin2 + cos2 = 1]
11. (b) –1, 7
Explanation: Since, points A and B lie on a circle with centre O
OA = OB [Radii]
or, (OA)2 = (OB)2
(2 + 1)2 + (–3y – y)2 = (2 – 5)2 + (–3y – 7)2 [Using distance formula]
(3) + (–4y) = (–3) + (–3y – 7)
2 2 2 2

9 + 16y2 = 9 + 9y2 + 49 + 42y

7y2 – 42y – 49 = 0
y2 – 6y – 7 = 0
y2 – 7y + y – 7 = 0
(y – 7)(y + 1) = 0
y = 7, –1
12. (a) 60º
cos θ − sinθ = 1 − 3
Explanation: cos θ + sinθ 1+ 3
Dividing the numerator and denominator of LHS by cos , we get
1 − tan θ 1− 3
=
1 + tan θ 1+ 3

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 Which on simplification (or comparison) gives
tan = 3
Or = 60°
13. (c) Tangent: 1; Secant: Infinite
Explanation: Given, a circle passes through a point P.
P

Only one tangent to a circle is possible to pass through P and infinite

secant to the circle can pass through P.
14. (b) 9 : 4
Explanation: Given that:
h1 = h2
r
and 1
= 3
r 2
2

⇒ r1 = 3 r2
2
The ratio of their volume
1 2
v πr1 h1
⇒ 1
= 3
v 1 2
2 πr h
3 2 2
2
1 3 
π r  h
3  2 2
=
1
π( r )2 h
3 2
2
 3
=   = 9
 2 4

15. (b) less than 0
Explanation: We know that,
For an event E, 0 < P(E) < 1.

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 Thus, when probability is expressed in terms of percentage, it always lies
from 0 to 100.
Hence, it cannot be less than 0.
16. (c) 20
Explanation:
Cumulative
Class Frequency
Frequency
65-85 4 4
85-105 5 9
105-125 13 22
125-145 20 42
145-165 14 56
165-185 7 63
185-205 4 67

n 67
Here, = = 33.5, and the cumulative frequency just greater than 33.5
2 2
is 42 which belongs to class 125 – 145.
\ Median class = 125 – 145.
Hence, the upper limit of median class is 145.
Here, 20 is the highest frequency which lies in the interval 125 -145.
\ Modal class = 125 – 145.
Hence, the lower limit of modal class is 125.
Thus, the required difference
= Upper limit of median class
– Lower limit of modal class
= 145 – 125 = 20.
17. (a) 142296
Explanation: Given, internal edge of cube
=22 cm
\ Volume of cube = (Side)3
= (22)3
= 10648 cm3
Let the radius of spherical marble be r.
 Diameter of the marble = 0.5 cm

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 \ Radius of marble,
r = 0.5
2
=0.25 cm
\ Volume of 1 marble = 4 pr3
3

= 4 × 22 × ( 0.25 )3
3 7
1.375
= cm 3
21

As 1 part of the cube remains unfilled, only 7 part of cube remains filled.
8 8
\ Volume of filled cube = 7 × Volume of cube
8

= 7 × 10648
8
= 7 × 1331
= 9317 cm3
\ Required number of marbles
= Total space filled by marbles
Volume of 1 marble

= 9317 = 9317 × 21
1.375 / 21 1.375
= 142296
Hence, the cube can accomodate 142296 number of marbles.
18. (c) 30–40
Explanation:
No. of stu-
Marks c.f.
dents (f)
0 – 10 3 3

10 – 20 9 12

20 – 30 15 27

30 – 40 30 57

40 – 50 18 75

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 No. of stu-
Marks c.f.
dents (f)
50 – 60 5 80

80

Since, maximum frequency is 30 here. Therefore, modal class is (30 – 40).

19. (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Explanation: Let 3x – 4y = 7 ...(i)
6x – 8y = k...(ii)
Put k = 14 in equation (ii), we get
6x – 8y = 14
Now, divide eq. (ii) by 2, we get
3x – 4y = 7 ...(iii)
Therefore, the lines represented by (i) and (iii) shows that the lines are
coincident and there are infinitely many solutions.
We know that, the graph of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x +
a b
b2y + c2 = 0 gives a pair of intersecting lines if 1 ≠ 1 .
a2 b2

20. (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

Explanation: As, 5 is a rational number, but square root of all positive
integers are not necessarily irrational.
For example, 9 = 3 which is rational.

SECTION - B
21. Let ‘x’ (in years) be the present age of the father and ‘y’ (in years) be the
present age of the son.
Then, according to the question,
x = 3y + 3
or x – 3y = 3 ...(i)
After 3 years,
Father’s age = x + 3,
Son’s age = y + 3
So, according to the question,
x + 3 = 2 (y + 3) + 10
or x – 2y = 13 ...(ii)

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 On solving equations (i) and (ii), we get:
y = 10
and x = 33.
Thus, the father’s present age is 33 years and the son’s present age is 10
years.
22. Given, BC is a line segment with coordinates of B as (–2, 5) and coordinates
of C as (3, 2)
and BM = 2 CM
BM
= 2
CM 1
M(x, y)
C(3, 2)
B(–2, 5)

Let the coordinates of M be (x, y).

So, by the section formula,
 mx2 + nx1 my2 + ny1 
M(x, y) =  , 
m+n m+n 
Here, m = 2, n = 1
x1 = – 2, y1 = 5
x2 = 3, y2 = 2
 2 × 3 + 1 × ( −2 ) 2 × 2 + 1 × 5 
M (x, y) =  , 
\ 2+1 2+1 

=  6 − 2 , 4 + 5 
 3 3 
=  43 , 3
 

M(x, y) =  4 , 3
 

\ 3 

23. Given: Chord AC of circle C2 is a tangent of circle C1 at point D.

C2

C1

O
cm
5
A D C

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 Join OD.
We know that tangent AC and radius OD at point D are perpendicular.
\ OD ⊥ AC
⇒ AD = DC = 4 cm
[Perpendicular drawn from centre of circle to any chord, bisects the chord]
In right-angled DAOD,
OA2 = AD2 + OD2 [By Pythagoras theorem]
⇒ OD2 = OA2 – AD2
= 52 – 42
= 25 – 16 = 9
⇒ OD = 3 cm
Hence, radius of the inner circle is 3 cm.
24. R

4m

30°
P Q

Let PR be the length and RQ be the height of the ramp.

Then, Ð RPQ = 30° and RQ = 4 m
In right–angled PQR,
sin 30° = RQ
PR
1 = RQ
2 PR
1 = 4
2 PR
PR = 8 m
Hence, the length of the ramp is 8 m.
25. Let O be the centre of the concentric circles of radii 5 cm and 3 cm
respectively. Let AB be a chord of the larger circle touching the smaller
circle at P.

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 O
5 cm
3 cm

A P B

Then AP = PB and OP ^ AB
Applying Pythagoras theorem in DOPA, we have
OA2 = OP2 + AP2
⇒ 25 = 9 + AP2
⇒ AP2 = 16
⇒ AP = 4 cm
⇒ AB = 2AP = 8 cm

SECTION - C
26. Prime factors of 64 = (2 × 3)4 = 24 × 34
Prime factors of 82 = (23)2 = 26
Now, prime factors of 124 = (2 × 2 × 3)4
= (22 × 3)4

= 28 × 34
So, on comparing the prime factors of 64, 82 and 124, we can see that the
smallest values of k is 28 or 256.
27. Let a and 7a be the two zeroes of the polynomial
3x2 – 8x + (2k + 1).
Then, a + 7a = 8a = 8 .....(i)
3

anda.(7a) = 7a2 = 2k + 1 .....(ii)

3
1
From (i), a= .
3

1 7
So, the zeroes are and .
3 3

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 Using a = 1 in (ii), we get
3
2
 1
7   = 2k + 1
 3 3

⇒ 2k + 1 = 7
3

⇒ 2k = 4
3

⇒ k= 2
3

28. Total number of outcomes = 6

(A) Here, number of favourable outcomes = 2
\ P(of getting A) = 2 = 1
6 3

(B) Here, number of favourable outcomes = 1

\ P(of getting D) = 1
6

Caution
 Students should understand that the dice used in this question is different from the actual one.
OR
No (False).
In a family with 3 children, posssbilities can be (b, b, b), (g, b, b), (b, g, b),
(b, b, g), (g, g, g), (g, g, b), (g, b, g), (b, g, g)
Where, b denotes a boy and g denotes a girl.
\ Number of possible cases = 8
\ Required probability
= No. of favourable outcomes
Total no. of outcomes
Since, outcomes of having no girl = {(b, b, b)}
⇒ Number of favourable outcomes = 1
1
\ P(no girl) =
8
Outcomes of having 1 girl = {(g, b, b), (b, g, b),
(b, b, g)}

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 ⇒ Number of favourable outcomes = 3
\ P(1 girl) = 3
8
Outcomes of having 2 girls = {(g, g, b), (g, b, g) (b, g, g)}
\ P(2 girls) = 3
8
And, outcomes of having 3 girls = {(g, g, g)}
\ P(3 girls) = 1
8
Hence, the probability of each is not 1 .
4
29. Let ABCD be a parallelogram circumscribing the circle with centre O,
such that AB, BC, CD and DA touch the circle at points P, Q, R and S
respectively.
D R C

S
O
Q

A P B

We know that the tangents drawn to a circle from an exterior point are
equal in length
\ AP = AS ...(i)
BP = BQ ...(ii)
CR = CQ ...(iii)
DR = DS ...(iv)
Adding (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) we get
AP + BP + CR + DR = AS + BQ + CQ + DS
(AP + BP) + (CR + DR) = (AS + DS) + (BQ + CQ)
\ AB + CD = AD + BC ...(v)
Since AB = DC and AD = BC (opposite sides of parallelogram ABCD)
putting these values in (v) we get,
2AB = 2AD
or AB = AD.
\ AB = BC = DC = AD
Since a parallelogram with equal adjacent sides is a rhombus, so ABCD
is a rhombus.

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 sin A − 2 sin3 A
30. LHS =
2 cos3 A − cos A

sin A (1 − 2 sin 2 A)
=
cos A (2 cos 2 A − 1)

sin A  1 − 2 (1 − cos2 A) 
= cos A  2

 2 cos A − 1 

 1 − 2 + 2 cos 2 A 
= tan A  
 2 cos 2 A − 1 

 2 cos2 A − 1 
= tan A  
 2 cos 2 A − 1 

= RHS
31. Total number of fishes in the tank = 10 + 12
= 22
\ P(getting a female fish)
Total number of female fishes 6
= = 12 =
Total number of fishes 22 11

SECTION - D
32. (A) Multiples of 2 and 5 will be multiples of LCM of 2 and 5.
LCM of (2, 5) = 10
Multiples of 2 as well as 5 between 1 and 500 are 10, 20, 30, 40, ...490.
This series forms an A.P. with first term, a = 10
Common difference, d = 20 – 10 = 10
Last term, l = 490
We know that sum of n terms of an A.P. is given by,
Sn = n [a + l] ...(i)
2
Also, l = a + (n – 1) d
⇒ 490 = 10 + (n – 1)10
⇒ 480 = (n – 1)10

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 ⇒ (n – 1) = 48
⇒ n = 49
Putting this value in equation (i), we get
S49 = 49 [10 + 490]
2

= 49 × 500
2
⇒ S49 = 12250
Hence, the required sum is 12250.
(B) Here, multiples of 2 as well as 5 from 1 to 500 are 10, 20, 30, ...500.
Clearly, this series is an A.P.
Here, first term, a = 10
Common difference, d = 20 – 10 = 10
Last term, l = 500
We know that,
an = a + (n – 1)d
⇒ l = a + (n – 1)d
 [where, n is total number of terms]
⇒ 500 = 10 + (n – 1)d
⇒ 490 = (n – 1)10
⇒ (n – 1) = 49
⇒ n = 50
Also, we know that,
Sn = n (a + l)
2

⇒ S50 = 50 (10 + 500)

2

= 25 × 510
= 12750
Hence, the required sum is 12750.
(C) M
 ultiples of 2 or 5 = Multiples of 2 + multiples of 5 – [Multiples of 2
and 5] ...(i)
Multiples of 2 are 2, 4, 6, ...500
Multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, ...500.

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 Multiples 2 and of 5 are 10, 20, 30, ...500.
Now, for the series 2, 4, 6, ....500, we get first term, a = 2
common difference, d = 2
and, last term, l = 500
Let number of terms in this A.P. be n1.
Then, last term, l = a + (n1 – 1)d
500 = 2 + (n1 – 1)(2)
498 = (n1 – 1)2
⇒ (n1 – 1) = 249
⇒ n1 = 250
Sum of this series,
n
Sn = 1
[a + l]
1 2
= 250 [2 + 500]
2
Sn = 125 × 502 = 62750
2
Similarly, for the series 5, 10, 15, ...500, we have
First term, a’ = 5,
Common difference, d’ = 5
and, last term, l’ = 500
Let n2 be the number of terms of second list.
We know that, an = a + (n – 1)d
⇒ l’ = a’ + (n2 – 1) d’
⇒ 500 = 5 + (n2 – 1)5
⇒ 495 = (n2 – 1)5
⇒ n2 – 1 = 99
⇒ n2 = 100
Sum of this series
n2
Sn = ( a ' + l ')
2 2

100
Sn = (5 + 500 )
2 2

= 50 × 505
= 25250

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 And, for the series 10, 20, .... 500, we have
first term, a’’ = 10
common difference, d’’ = 10
and, last term , l’’ = 500
Let n3 be the number of terms in this A.P.
Then, l’’ = a’’ + (n3 – 1) d’’
⇒ 500 = 10 + (n3 – 1)(10)
⇒ 490 = (n3 – 1)10
⇒ n3 – 1 = 49
⇒ n3 = 50
Sum of this series,
n
Sn3 = 3
(a” + l”)
2

= 50 (10+500)
2
= 25× 510 =12750
Now, sum of multiples of 2 or 5
= Sn + Sn – S n
1 2 3
= 62750 + 25250 – 12750
= 88000 – 12750 = 75250
33. We are given a triangle ABC in which a line parallel to side BC intersects
other two sides AB and AC at D and E respectively.
A

N M

D E

B C

We need to prove that AD = AE .

DB EC
Let us join BE and CD and then draw DM ^ AC and EN ^ AB.
Now, area of ∆ADE = ( 1 × base × height)
2

= 1 × AD × EN.
2

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 area of ∆ADE is denoted as ar(ADE).
So, ar(ADE) = 1 × AD × EN
2

Similarly, ar(BDE) = 1 × DB × EN,

2

ar(ADE) = 1 × AE × DM
2
and ar(DEC) = 1 × EC × DM
2
1
× AD × EN AD
Therefore, ar( ADE) = 2 = ...(i)
ar( BDE) 1 DB
× DB × EN
2

1 × AE × DM
ar(ADE) = 2 = AE ...(ii)
ar(DEC) 1 × EC × DM EC
2
Note that ∆BDE and ∆DEC are on the same base and between the same
parallels BC and DE.
So, ar(BDE) = ar(DEC) ...(iii)
Therefore, form (i), (ii) and (iii), we have:
AD AE
DB
=
EC
Hence, proved
Let ABCD be a trapezium with AB||DC.
AD and BC are non-parallel sides.
Let, EF be a line parallel to AB, DC.
Join AC such that ∆ACD and ∆ACB are triangles and AC meets EF at G.
D C

E F
G

A B

Apply Thales theorem on ∆ACD and ∆ACB.

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 Basic Proportionality Theorem: In a triangle, a line drawn parallel to one
side to intersect the other sides at distinct points divides two sides in
same ratio.
In ∆ACD
Here, EG||DC. According to Basic Proportionality Theorem
AE = AG ...(i)
ED GC 
In ∆ACB
Here, GF||AB. According to Basic Proportionality Theorem
FC = GC
BF AG
BF = AG ...(ii)
FC GC
From equation (i) and equation (ii)
AE = BF
ED FC
Hence, proved.
34.

When we place a solid right circular cone in a right circular cylinder full
of water, then the volume of the water that flows out from the cylinder is
equal to the volume of right circular cone.
\ Volume of water left in the cylinder
= Volume of cylinder – Volume of cone ...(i)
For cylinder,
Base radius, R = 60 cm
Height, H = 180 cm
\ Volume of cylinder = pR2H
= p × (60)2 × 180
= 648000p cm3

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 For cone,
Base radius, r = 60 cm
Height, h = 120 cm
1 2
Volume of cone = πr h
3

= 1 × p × (60)2 × 120
3
= 144000p cm3
From (i),
Volume of water left in the cylinder
= (648000p – 144000p) cm3
= 504000p cm3
= 504000 × 22
7
= 1584000 cm3

= 1584000 m3
(10)6
= 1.584 m3
Hence, the volume of the water left in the cylinder is 1.584 m3.
35. Given frequency distribution is given in inclusive form. First we will
convert this distribution into exclusive form by adding and subtracting
h to upper limit and lower limit of a class, respectively, where h = upper
2
limit of a class – lower limit of preceding class.

Here, h = 127 − 126

2 2
1
= 2 = 0.5
Length Number Cumulative
(in mm) of leaves Frequency
117.5–126.5 3 3
126.5–135.5 5 8
135.5–144.5 9 17
144.5–153.5 12 29
153.5–162.5 5 34
162.5–171.5 4 38
171.5–180.5 2 40
N = 40

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 Here, N = 20
2
Cumulative frequency just greater than 20 is 29, which belongs to class
144.5–153.5.
∴ Median class = 144.5 – 153.5
We know,
N 
− cf
Median = l +  2 
 × 100 h
 f 
 
Here, l = 144.5, cf = 17, f = 12, h = 9.
 20 − 17 
\ Median = 144.5 +  12  × 9

= 144.5 + 3 × 9
12
= 144.5 + 2.25
= 146.75
Hence, median length of the leaves is 146.75 mm.

SECTION - E
36. Calculation of Mean:
Number of
Class-mark Frequency di = xi – a
wickets fidi
(xi) (fi) where a = 120
(class)
20-60 40 7 –80 –560
60-100 80 5 –40 –200
100-140 120 = a 16 0 0
140-180 160 12 40 480
180-220 200 2 80 160

220-260 240 3 120 360

Sfi = 45 Sfidi = 240

We know,

Σfi di
Mean = a +
Σfi

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 = 120+ 240
45
= 120 + 5.33 = 125.33
Calculation of Median:
Cumulative
Classes Frequency
Frequency
20 – 60 7 7
60 – 100 5 12
100 – 140 16 28
140 – 180 12 40
180 – 220 2 42
220 – 260 3 45

Here, N = 45,
N = 22.5
⇒
2
Cumulative frequency just greater than 22.5 is 28, which belongs to class
100-140.
So, median class is 100 – 140
For this class,
N
l = 100, h = 40, cf = 12, 2 = 22.5, f = 16

N 
 − cf 
So, Median= l +  2  × h
 f 
 

 22.5 - 12 
= 100 +  × 40
 16 
= 100 + 26.25
= 126.25
Hence, the mean number of wickets taken is 125.33 and the median
number of wickets taken is 126.25.

37. (A) We have,

Usual speed of plane = x km/hr
Since, speed of plane was increased by 250 km/hr,
So, increased speed of plane

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 = (x + 250) km/hr

Now, we know,
Distance
Time = Speed

So, time taken to cover 1500 km with usual speed = 1500 hr

x
1500
and, time taken to cover 1500 km with increased speed = x +250 hr
According to the question,
1500 − 1500 = 1
x x + 250 2
1 1 
1500  −  = 1
 x x + 250  2

 x + 250 − x 
1500  x( x + 250 )  = 1
  2
750000 = x(x + 250)
x2 + 250x – 750000 = 0,
which is the required quadratic equation.
(B) The quadratic equation is
x2 + 250x – 750000 = 0 [From A]
x + 1000x – 750x – 750000 = 0
2

(x + 1000) (x – 750) = 0
x = 750, x = –1000 (speed can’t be negative)
So, speed of plane is 750 km/hr.
(C) According
 to the question, speed of the plane is increased by 250 km/
hr
\ x + 250 = 750 + 250 [from (B), x = 750]
So, the increased speed of the plane is 1000 km/hr.
38. (A) 
Since, DE is parallel to BC, so by Basic Proportionality theorem
AD = AE .
BD CE

AE AE
(B) Since, =  [from (A)]
EC EC

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 x x
⇒  (3 x + 4 ) = ( 3 x +4 )

⇒ (x + 3) (3x + 4) = x(3x + 19)

⇒ 3x2 + 13x + 12 = 3x2 + 19x
⇒ 6x = 12
⇒ x=2
(C) Given, AB = 9 cm, AC =18 cm, AD = 2 cm and AE = 4 cm
Now, DB = AB – AD = 9 – 2 = 7 cm
EC = AC – AE = 18 – 4 = 14 cm
Now, AD = 2
DB 7

And, AE = 4 = 2
EC 14 7
AD = AE
DB EC
Therefore, DE||BC  [by converse of basic proportionality theorem]

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