M5- ELEMENTS OF A

SHORT STORY

CHARACTERS-in a short story is a person/who takes

part in action of the story or other literary work

TWO MOST IMPORTANT

CHARACTERS IN A SHORT STORY

PROTAGONIST- considered as the main character

or most important of all

ANTAGONIST -The antagonist is the character that

challenges the main character.

SETTING- The place (locale) and time (period )when the

story happens

PLOT- the story is all about./ series of events and

characters/ highest point

EXPOSITION- beginning of the story/ introduces the

characters

RISING ACTION- where conflicts start to build.

CLIMAX - most exciting part of a short story.

FALLING ACTION- problems in the story start to
work themselves out.

RESOLUTION- the conflict has been resolved.

CONFLICT- something to challenge

FOUR TYPES OF CONFLICT

• MAN VERSUS MAN
• MAN VERSUS NATURE
• MAN VERSUS HIMSELF
• MAN VERSUS SOCIETY

THEME -This is the central idea in a short

Story

POINT OF VIEW - story is told or narrated

TYPES OF POINT OF VIEW

a. First Person – using the pronoun ‘I’ .

b. Limited Third Person – using the pronouns

‘she’ or ‘he’’/ unable to see into the minds of the
characters

Omniscient Third Person – not in the story and tells the

story using the pronouns ‘she’ or ‘he’ . In this point of
view
 M7-Literary Genre

Graphic Fiction- written in comic form

Flash Fiction- is a really short written/ consisting of a few

hundred words

Graphic Novel- is a comic book narrative dimension to the prose

novel (Campbell 200, 81)./ arranged in sequenced in image/ written
in speech bubbles/ imagine and experience the characters and events
in the story

graphic novel according to Singh (2012)

1.Autographic forms are the marks of author ’ s handwriting

2. encourage interactivity in the minds of the reader

3. Filling in the blanks between image

4 The language, syntax and meaning spring primarily relationship

between images than words.

5 combines book and screen

examples of graphic novels

 In the Shadow of No Tower: 9/11” by Art Spiegelmen in 2004

 “The Barn Owl’ s Wondrous Capers ” by Sarnath Banerjee in 2009
 “Louis Riel” by Chester Brown in 2003

Flash Fiction - is imaginative literature of extreme brevity./ word

to a thousand (Gacusan 2018)/micro stories, postcard fiction,
nanotales, and short

According to Sustana (2020), characteristic

1. Brevity- presents the story with fewest words as possible

2. Complete plot.- emphasizes the development of plot./beginning,

middle and ending of the story.

3. Surprising ending- its twist at the end of the story

 Here some of the flash fictions:

 “Angels and Blueberries ” by Tara Campbell

 Taylor Swift” by Hugh Behm-Steinberg
 Unnecessary Things ” by Tatyana Tolstaya