21ST REVIEWER 2nd - Was a first prize

Quarter recipient at the

ASEAN Letter-
Lesson 1: Padre Faura
Writing Contest
Witnesses the
for Young People
Execution of Rizal by:
- The award made
Danton Remoto
Remoto a scholar
at the Ateneo de
Manila University
 The park was in the Philippines
called as - As a professor,
Bagumbayan Remoto teaches
(New City) by the English and
Filipinos in the Journalism at the
ancient times. Ateneo de Manila
When the University
Spaniards - Is the chairman
colonized the emeritus of Ang
country, they Ladlad, a lesbian,
called it Luneta gay, bisexual,
since it was and transgender
shaped like a (LGBT) political
small moon party in the
(“lunette” in Philippines
Spanish). Later
on, it was named Notable Works:
Rizal Park as Poetry
tribute to the
country’s National - Skin, voices,
Hero, Jose Rizal faces (1991)
- Black silk
About the Author: pajamas/ poems
Danton Remoto in English and
- He is a 21st Filipino (1996)
century Filipino - Pulotgata; the
writer, essayist, love poems
reporter, editor, (2004)
columnist, and
professor
 - Padre faura (The Reign of the
witnesses the Greed)
execution of rizal - Qualified doctor,
writer, and an
Essays
artist who could
- Seduction and draw, paint,
solitude sculpt, and carve
- X-factor - He was a prolific
- Gaydar writer and poet
- Buhay bading who through his
- Rampa: mga eloquent writings
sanaysay inspired the
- A teacher’s tale nationalists for
peaceful reforms
Books as well as armed
- Ladlad conflict where the
- Bright, Catholic need arose
and Gay The Execution and
- Happy na, Gay Death of National Hero
pa Jose Rizal
- Riverrun
- On December 30,
Background 1896 after five
Knowledge: years of trial and
Jose Protacio Rizal exile the entire
Mercado y Alonso nation witnessed
Realonda the execution of
Jose Rizal in
- He is hailed as Luneta by firing
the greatest squad, on
national hero of charges of
the Philippines sedition and
- Among his best rebellion against
works were the the Spaniards.
two novels: Noli His pen name
Me Tangere was Laong Laan
(Touch Me Not) and Dimasalang
and El - Four months
Filibusterismo before on august
 19, 1896, the observatory of
Spanish the Ateneo
authorities had Municipal de
discovered the Manila and it was
whereabouts of through him that
the Katipunan the observatory
- To show their gained
open rebellion, recognition
the Katipuneros - Was the eventual
tore their cedulas execution of Dr.
and took to their Jose Rizal, one of
bolos in the cry of the most brilliant
balintawak pupils in Ateneo
- From then on Municipal
until June 12, - Even visited Rizal
1898, it was open inside his cell at
warfare for the Fort Santiago
Katipuneros while awaiting
against the execution at
spaniards Bagumbayan
- Rizal was
Dignity and Integrity
martyred at
Background Bagumbayan on
Knowledge: 30 December
1896
Padre Federico Faura
Father Faura
- Was a Spanish
Jesuit priest who - Who prophesied
came to Manila that he would end
on June 20, 1866 up on scaffold
and was
Father Pastells
assigned to teach
mathematics and - Who sought to
physics in Ateneo restore his
municipal de Catholic Faith by
Manila. Patient argument
- He became the
Father Balaguer
first official
director of the
 - Who reconciled emotional
him to the Church intensity
before he died
Persona
- Father Sanchez
was his friend - Refers to the
voice a writer
About the Poem:
creates to tell a
- The poem is an story or to define
imagined the speaker in a
narrative poem poem
by a priest of the
Ateneo Padre
Faura on how he Metaphor
feels about his
student, Jose - Is a comparison
Rizal between two
unlike objects
Poetic Devices without the use of
“as” or “like”
- Are a form of
literary device T R I V I A:
used in poetry
- They are Noli Me Tangere
essentially tools English Translation:
that a poet uses Touch Me Not
to create rhythm,
enhance a Touch Me Not
poem’s meaning Phrase Meaning: Bible
or intensify a in the Gospel of St. John
mood or feeling “God”
Figure of Speech Published in: Berlin
- A mode or Germany in 1887 when
expression in he was 27 years old
which are used Maximo Viola
out of their literal
meaning or out of - Wealthy friend of
their ordinary use Jose Rizal
in order to add ABOUT LUNETA:
beauty or
Exact place: Rizal monument
Bagumbayan in Luneta that
was built in 1911
Renamed Bagumbayan
to Luneta Lesson 2: Philippine
Literature from
Small Moon – meaning: American Period -
Lunette Contemporary Period
 Binaril si Rizal Brief Historical
hindi mismo sa Background:
Luneta, kundi
The American Regime
binarily siya
(1898-1941)
mahigit 100
meters highway  The filipino
of execution revolutionists won
against the
President Theodore Spaniards who
Roosevelt colonized us for
more than 300
- Republic Act 243 years
on September 28,  our flag was
1901, Contest hoisted on June
“Sculpt” 12, 1898 as a
- $100,000 Italian symbol of our
Artist independence
 Gen. Emilio
1908 Aguinaldo was
- Sculpture contest elected the first
president of the
Mr. Carlos Nicoli philippine
republic but this
- 1st place, Italian was short-lived
artist, $100,000  The Fil-American
Mr. Richard Kissling war resulted in
the defeat of
- 2nd place Gen. Miguel
- Motto stella Malvar in 1903
meaning guiding  the peace
star movements
- Was the Swiss started as early
as 1900. Many
who designed the
 Filipinos started nationalistic
writing again and writings
the nationalism of 2. El Grito Del
the people Pueblo (The Call
remained of the Nation)
undaunted  Established by
 Filipino writers Pascual Poblete
went into all in 1900
forms of literature 3. El Renacimiento
like news, (The Rebirth)
reporting, poetry,  Founded by
stories, plays, Rafael Palma in
essays, and 1901
novels  there were also
 their writings plays written then
clearly depicted but after the first
their love of and second
country and their presentations, the
longings for americans put a
independence stop to this
 Jose Garcia Villa because of the
became famous consistent theme
for his free verse of nationalism
The article arousal in Included here the
ghe field of literature following:
started to be felt in the
following newspapers: 1. Kahapon,
Ngayon, at
1. El Nuevo Dia Bukas
(The New Day) (Yesterday,
 The newspaper Today and
established by Tomorrow)
Sergio Osmena  Written by Aurelio
in 1900 Tolentino
 The american depicting the
censors twice suppression done
banned this and by the American
threatened and their plan to
Osmena with colonize the
banishment Philippine
because of his 2. Tanikalang
Ginto
  by Juan Abad development
3. Malaya when the
 by Tomas Philippines was
Remigio again conquered
4. Walang sugat by another
 by Severino foreign country,
Reyes Japan.
 Philippine
Characteristics of literature in
literature during this English came to a
period: halt
 The languages  Except for the
used in writing Tribune and the
were Spanish Philippine
and Tagalog and Review, almost
the dialects of the all newspaper in
different regions English were
 But the writers in stopped by the
tagalog, Japanese
continued in their  This had an
lamentations on advantageous
the conditions of effect on Filipino
the country and Literature, which
their attempts to experienced
arouse love for renewed attention
one’s native because writers
tongue and the in English turned
written in english to writings in
imitated the Filipin. Juan
themes and Laya, who use to
methods of the write in English
americans turned to Filipino
because of the
The Japanese Period strict prohibitions
(1941-1945) of the Japanese
Historical regarding ‘any
Background: writing in English
 Filipino Poetry
 Between 1941- during the period
1945, Philippine  The common
literature was theme of most
interrupted in its poems during the
 Japanese  the few who
occupation was dared to write did
nationalism, so for their bread
country, love, and and butter or for
life in the barrios, propaganda
faith, religion, and  writings that
the arts came out during
this period were
Three types of poems journalistic in
emerged during this nature
period:  writers felts
1. Haiku suppressed but
 It is a poem of slowly, the spirit
free verse that of nationalism
the Japanese like started to seep
 it was made up of into their
17 syllables consciousness
divided into three  while some
line continued to
2. Tanaga write, the majority
 Like the Haiku, is waited for a
short, but it had better climate to
measure and publish their
rhyme works
3. Karaniwang Anyo The new filipino
(Usual Form) literature
Philippine Literature in  Philippine
English (1941-1945) literature in
 because o the tagalog was
strict prohibitions revived during
imposed by the this period
Japanese in the  most themes in
writing and the writings dealt
publishing of with Japanese
works in English, brutalities, the
Philippine poverty of life
literature in unde the
English Japanese
experienced a government, and
dark period the brave guerilla
exploits
Philippine Literature  A collection of
during the poems by Manuel
Contemporary period: Viray
2. Philippines
1. The rebirth Cross Section
freedom (1946- (1950)
1970)  A collection of
 The americans
prose and poetry
returned in 1945 by Maximo
 Filipinos rejoiced
Ramos and
and guerillas who Florentino
fled to the Valeros
mountain joined 3. Prose and
the liberating Poems (1952)
American Army  by Nick Joaquin
 on July 4, 1946
4. Philippine
the Philippines Writing (1953)
regained is  by T.D Agcaoili
freedom and the 5. Philippine
Filipino flag Harvest
waved joyously  by Amador
alone Daguio
 the chains were
6. Horizons Least
broken (1967)
2. The state of  A collection of
literature during works by the
this period professors of UE,
 The early post-
mostly in English
liberation period (short stories,
was marked by a essays, research
kind of “struggle papers, poem
of mind and spirit” and drama) by
posed by the Artenio Patacsil
sudden and Silverio
emancipation Baltazar
from the enemy,  Period of
and the wild Activisim (1970-
desire to see print 1972)
 According to
Pociano Pineda,
1. Heart of the youth activism in
islands (1947) 1970-72 was due
 to domestic and Republic of the
worldwide Philippines
causes. Because
of the ills of 21st Century Literature
society, the youth  all literary works
moved to seek written and
reforms published at the
 February 22-25, latter part of the
1986 21st century
 Philippine society (from 2001
was in turmoil for onwards)
a few weeks but  these works are
the rejoicing after often
the Pres. Marcos characterized as
was toppled gender sensitive,
down from power technologically
was sheer alluding, culturally
euphoria. pluralistic,
Singing, dancing operates on the
and shouting’s extreme reality or
were the order of extreme fiction
the day and questions
 The events conventions and
created overnight supposedly
heroes absolute forms
 In this historical
event the role Apo on the Wall:
played by two big Authoritarianism
figures in history
cannot be - a style of
doubted government in
 To defense which the rulers
minister Enrile demand
and Armed unquestioning
Forces Chief to
obedience from
Staff Fidel V.
the rules
Ramos
 To the Filipino Roots of
people, this is the authoritarianism
true Philippine
Republic, the true - ideals of Nazi
Germany and
 Japan during served in the
World War II Philippine House
of
Authoritarianism
Representatives
- Randy David, from 1949 to
Philippine Daily 1959 and the
Inquirer Philippine Senate
- Marcos’ solution from 1959 to
was to lessen the 1965. He was
power of feudal eventually
elite, to restore elected president
order, and to in 1965
hasten economic - He was a Filipino
prosperity. politician who
Unfortunately, the was the tenth
realities did not president of the
match his Philippines from
promises 1965 to 1986
- He ruled as
Background dictator under
knowledge: martial law from
Ferdinand Emmanuel 1972 until 1981
Edralin Marcos, Sr. - While his regime
started an
- September 11, unprecedented
1917 – number of
September 28, infrastructure
1989 projects and
- He was a former monuments
soldier who - Known
played an active colloquially as an
part during WW “edifice complex”
II, he fought and at great
along side the taxpayer cost it
Americans in the also became
Bataan Death infamous for its
March corruption,
- Started as an extravagance and
attorney, then brutality
Historical events that temporary
influenced 21st century emergency such
Philippine literature as invasion or
major disaster or
 Martial Law
in an occupied
- On September territory
21, 1972 by virtue - Can be used by
of proclamation governments to
order 1081, then enforce their rule
Pres. Ferdinand over the public
E. Marcos placed
the entire country Purposes of Martial
under martial law Law:
rule
- Protect the
- For the puritans
welfare of the
and loyalists, it
Filipino people
was a period of
from the
discipline and
dangerous
order
threats posed by
- For the activists
Muslim rebel
and liberals, it
groups and
was an era of
Christian
gross human
vigilantes
rights and abuses
- Resolve the
- The end of
country’s
individual rights,
dilemma on
as well as the
rebellion that
loss of freedom of
stages national
expression in
chaos threatening
Philippine Society
the peace and
Martial Law order of the
country
- Is the imposition - Eradicate crimes
of direct military and promote and
control of normal national stability
civilian functions
of government, The imposition of
especially in Martial Law
response to a
accompanies the from, it means an
following: elderly authority
figure that is
- Curfews
given great
- The suspension
importance
of civil law, civil
- Is a revelation of
rights and habeas
the fark side of
corpus
what happened in
- The application or
the past during
extension of
Marcos regime
military law or
- It has a
military justice to
denotation to the
civilians
characteristic of
- Civilians defying
the “father” as a
martial law may
superior ruler of
be subjected to
the family and the
military tribunal
child’s natural
(court-martial)
feeling to fear his
Apo on the wall father as a sign of
respect
- The poem - This also
explores the connotes the
experiences of feeling of the
martial law and Filipinos who
what came after it were afraid over
- It is written using the power and
the child’s point authority of
of view and is Marcos
complicated by dictatorship
his relationship - Their fear is a
with his father self-imposed
- The word “Apo” prison that kept
means several from having their
things in the human rights,
Philippine freedom of
Languages, but speech, and
up north where voice of justice
Ferdinand
Marcos came
Justice System (By - It is the ethical,
Ralph Semino Galan) : philosophical idea
that people are to
Equality
be treated
- Is one of the impartially, fairly,
central principles properly and
of democracy and reasonably by the
is based on the laws are to
belief that all ensure that no
people should harm befalls
have the same another, and that
opportunities to where harm is
be successful alleged, a
and have a remedial action is
productive, taken – both the
enjoyable life accuser and the
- Is rooted in accused receive
fairness since it is a morally right
linked to another consequence
American ideal, merited by their
that of a nations
meritocracy
SALN
Equity
- Stands for
- Recognizes that Statement of
everyone doesn’t Assets, Liabilities,
begin in the same and Net Worth
place in society - It is a declaration
- Advocates for of assets and
those who may liabilities
have been including
historically business and
disadvantaged, financial interests
making it difficult of an official/
for them to be employee, of his
successful or her spouse,
and of his or her
Justice unmarried
children under 18
 years old still - To baby boy blue
living in their - From the major
parents arcana
households - Discernments
- The submission literary essays,
of a SALN is cultural critiques,
required by law and book reviews
under Article XI
The Justice System in
Section 17 of the
the Philippines
1987 constitution
and section 8 of - Is mixed legal
republic act no, system of civil,
6713 common, Islamic,
and customary
About The Author:
law
Ralph Semino Galan
Symbols of Justice:
- Is a poet, literary
Justitia or lady justice
critic and
translator - The roman
- He is an goddess of
associate justice
professor of - Who is equivalent
literature, the to the Greek
humanities, and goddess Themis
creative writing at - Is an allegorical
the UST faculty of personification of
arts and letters the moral force in
and the UST judicial system
graduate school
- He has an A.B in The scales of justice
English (Major in - Represents the
literature) balance of the
Notable works: individual against
the needs of
- Pagtatapat society and a fair
- Isang paalala balance between
- Sakuna interests of one
- Fairy tale
 individual and - Is a feather used
those of another in the hall of
judgement in the
The scroll
land of the dead
- Represents to determine if
learning and souls of the
knowledge, the deceased are
passing of time worthy for the
and the extent of afterlife
life
Introduction to world
The sword of justice literature:

- Is the active World literature

force, a symbol of
- Comes from the
power, protection,
german scholar
authority,
and poet Johann
vigilance and
Wolfgang von
might
Goethe’s Phrase
- This double-
Weltliteratur
edged sword in
- In 1827, Goethe
justice left hand,
told his disciple
recognizes the
Johann Peter
power of reason
Eckermann that
and justice, which
“[n]ational
may be wielded
literature is no
either for or
longer of
against any party
importance. It is
The blindfold time for world
literature”
- Is symbolic of - In his use of his
blind justice, phrase, Goethe
represents envisioned
equality, knowing literature that is
no differences in truly global in
the parties scope but deeply
involved rooted in the
Thoth’s feather of Indo-European
truth classics,
 especially those - Is used to refer to
of Ancient the total of the
Greece world’s national
literature and the
Johann Wolfgang von
circulation of
Goethe
works into the
- Born august 28, wider world
1749, Frankfurt beyond their
am Main country of origin
[Germany]
Africa
- Died march 22,
1832 Weimar - It is the second
Saxe-Weimar largest continent
- A German poet, (after Asia)
playwright, covering about
novelist, scientist, one-fifth of the
statesman, total land surface
theatre director, of earth
critic, and - 11 million square
amateur, artist, miles; 5.7 of the
considered the earth surface
greatest German - The continent is
Literary figure of bounded on the
the modern era west by the
Atlantic ocean, on
the north by the
 Since in the end Mediterranean
of the cold war in sea, on the east
the late 1980s by the Red sea
and early 1990s, and the Indian
the world has ocean, on the
become South by the
increasingly mingling waters o
global in terms of the Atlantic and
economic Indian oceans
aspects and Etymology: The name
people exchange Africa came into western
World literature use through the
Romans, who used the Etymology: the world
name Africa teraa – Asia is originated from
“land of the Afri” (plural, the Anicent Greek word
or “afer” singular) – for AOIA, first attributed to
the northern part of the Herodotus (about
continent, as the 440BCE) in reference to
province of Africa with Anatolia or to the
its capital carthage, Persian Empire, in
corresponding to contrast to Greece and
modern- day Tunisia Egypt. It originally was a
name for the east bank
Asia
of the Aegean Sea, an
- The largest area known to the
continent in the Hittites as Assuwa
world
Afro-Asian Literature
- 17,226,200
square miles - It is a term for
- Most populous writing written by
continent in the people from
world mixed African-
- Is bounded by the Arab ethnicity, or
Arctic Ocean to African- Asian
the north, the Ethnicity
Pacific ocean to - It mirrors not only
the east, the the customs and
Indian Ocean to tradition of
the south, the African and Asian
Red Sea (as well countries but also
as the inland their philosophy
seas of the of life which on
Atlantic ocean – the whole are
the deeply and
Mediterranean predominantly
and the black to contemplative
the southwest, and hauntingly
and Europe to the sweet
west - It refers to the
literary output of
the various
 countries and their past, heroic
cultures in Africa deeds of their
and Asia people, ancestry
- This includes and culture
their orals - Is a sign of new
traditions and and modern
from the first to times
the contemporary - It also teaches
written and/or people and allow
published prose them to learn
and poetry about different
- Asian literature experiences and
alone is diverse cultures from all
and vibrant over the world
Background of Afro- Afro-Asian Literature:
Asian Literature:
- Literally works of
- The background Afro-Asian tell
of Afro-Asian people about the
literature dates to unique struggles
the very and success of
beginning when Afro-Asian people
the first mixed
Poems
race individual
began writing - Tell about the
- Earlier written history and
documents were culture of the
based on stories Afro-Asian people
passed by word
of mouth Playwrights
- Literary works - Celebrate their
were handed by own culture and
mouth from ancestry by
generation to setting plays in
generation to the past and
entertain, referencing
educate and historical events
remind the in their storylines
people about
Prose experiences and
cultures from all
- It is used to
over the world
expose truth, to
describe objects, Common themes in
places and Afro Asian literature:
people, to draw a
- Shares several
reader deeper
common themes
into a story
between African
Characteristics of and Asian
Afro-Asian Literature: countries
- some of these
African Literature
includes: nature,
- Is as diverse as peace, and the
the continent highlight on
itself, but several emotions
characteristics as
Example about nature:
themes prevail
throughout much Petals of blood by Ngu
of the written gi wa Thiong’o
works emerging (Kenyan writer and
from Africa professor)
- There is often
- it is a poem which
great emphasis
suggests that
on the history,
there is a deadly
culture and
power within
customs of a
nature that must
group of people
be respected
when telling their
despite attempts
stories
to suggest by
Afro-Asian Literature humans that they
live harmoniously
- Is a sign of new
with it
and modern
- example about
times
peace
- It also teaches
people and allow No longer at ease by
them to learn Chinua Achebe
about different (Nigerian Novelist)
 - it is a novel which Ho Lai-Ming (Hong
concerns the Kong Poet)
struggle of Obi
Tammy Ho Lai Ming
Okonkwo’s
grandfather - is a editor,
Okonkwo against translator, and
the changes poet from
brought by the Hongkong
English - she is the
- example about founding co-
highlight on editor of the first
emotions Hong Kong –
based literary
Brave Faces: The
publication, Cha:
Daring Stand Against
An Asian Literary
Cancer by Nasra AI
journal, and an
Adawi (Omani writer
editor of the
and poet)
academic Journal
- it is a poetry and Victorian network
true to life stories - her first poetry
about women collection is Hula
with breast Hooping
cancer in (Chameleon
Tanzania Press)
- the testimonies in - she was awarded
Brave Faces are the young artist
told through the young artist
personal stories award in literary
and poetry that arts in 2016 by
speak to this the Hong Kong
courage, the arts development
loneliness, the council
anger and the
The 7 continents: Asia,
pain of loosing
Africa, North America,
something
South America,
Example of Antarctica, Europe, and
Globalization/Migration Australia
“His T-shirts” by Tammy