FORCES & MOTION - 1

VECTORS – REVIEW
Vector is defined in space Vectors can be added/subtracted graphically (tail to tip)
by magnitude and direction (or angle) IN ANY ORDER
Force / Velocity / Acceleration / Electric field…

Vectors can be scaled up or down

Vector components are projections onto coordinate axes

 FORCES & MOTION - 1
VELOCITY (SPEED) & ACCELERATION (1D case)
Displacement
difference between the initial and final positions,
can be positive or negative

Distance
length of the whole path travelled by an object –
absolute value

Average Velocity = Displacement / time

Average Speed = Distance / time

Instantaneous Velocity Acceleration

Average:
∆vx
a av =
x
∆t

Instantaneous:

∆ v x dv x
a x = lim =
∆ t →0 ∆t dt
FORCES & MOTION - 1
 FORCES & MOTION - 1
EQUATIONS OF MOTION (1D with constant a)
S= x f −x i U=v x V =v x
initial final

Area under the curve of velocity vs time is the displacement S

V =U +a x t (no S)

1
S= (U + V ) t (no a)
2

2 2
V =U +2 a x S (no t)

1 2
S=Ut+ a x t (no V)
2

1 2
S=Vt− a x t (no U)
2