PRABHUJEE ENGLISH

MEDIUM SCHOOL
Chemistry investigatory project on “COLDRINKS”
Submitted by –
Name – S.SWAGAT LENKA GUIDED BY – MR SANTANU KUMAR MISHRA
CLASS/SEC – 12/E
Roll no - 35
PREFACE
▪ Project work has been an integral part of present day curriculum. It emphasis on
hard work and dedication put in by me in the completion of the project work on
“comparative study and qualitative analysis of different brands of cold drinks” of
chemistry.
▪
▪ I have expressed my experiences in my own simple way. I hope who goes through
it will find it interesting and worth reading. All constructive feedback is cordially
invited.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
▪ In the accomplishment of this project successfully, many people have showered
upon me their blessings and support. I thank all the people who have been
instrumental in making the project work successful.
▪ Primarily, I would like to thank god for being able to complete this project
successfully. Then I would like to thank my chemistry teacher Mr Santanu Kumar
Mishra whose valuable guidance helped me a lot in this project.
▪ I would like to thank my parents who were totally behind me through this project
and without their support and help I would have able to complete this project and
friends who had helped me by their valuable suggestion and guidance.
▪ Last but not the least I would like to thank my classmates who have helped me a lot.
OBJECTIVE
▪ The objective of this project is for comparative and qualitative analysis of different
brands of cold drinks available in market
CONTENTS
▪ 1. Introduction
▪ 2. Theory
▪ 3. Apparatus
▪ 4. Chemicals required
▪ 5. Detection of pH
▪ 6. Test for carbon dioxid
▪ 7. Test for glucose
▪ 8. Test for phosphate
▪ 9. Test for alcohol
▪ 10. Test for sucrose
▪ 11. Result
▪ 12. Disadvantages of cold drinks
▪ 13. Uses of cold drinks
▪ 14. Bibliography
▪ 15. Precautions
 INTRODUCTION
▪ The era of cold drinks began in 1952 but the industrialization in India marked in
beginning of cold drinks was highly profitable and luring.) mical companies
launched their brands in India like Pepsi and Coke
▪ Nowadays, it is observed in general that majority of people viewed! Sprite, Nica to
give feeling of lightness, while Pepsi and Thumps up to activate pulse and brain.
 THEORY
▪ Cold drinks of different brands are composed of alcohol,carbohydrates, carbon dioxide,
phosphate ions, etc. These soft drinks give feeling of warmth, lightness and have a tangy taste
which is liked by everyone. Carbon dioxide is responsible for the formation of froth on shaking
the bottle. The carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in water to form carbonic acid which is also
responsible for tangy taste. Carbohydrates are the naturally occurring organic compounds and
are major source of energy to our body. General formula of carbohydrates is C.(H2O)y. On the
basis of their molecule size carbohydrates are classified as: Monosaccharide, Disaccharides, and
Polysaccharides. Glucose is a monosaccharide with formula C6H12O6. It occurs in Free State in
the ripen grapes, in bones and also in many sweet fruits. It is also present in human blood to
extent of about 0.1%.
▪ The sucrose is one of the most useful disaccharides in our daily life. It is widely distributed in
juices, seeds and also in flower as of many plants. The main source of sucrose is sugarcane juice
which contain 15-20% sucrose and sugar beet which has about 10-17% sucrose. The molecular
formula of sucrose is C12H22O11. It is produced by a mixture of glucose and fructose. It is non-
reducing in nature whereas glucose is reducing. Cold drinks are a bit acidic in nature whereas
glucose is reducing. Cold drinks are a bit acidic in nature whereas glucose is reducing. Cold
drinks are a bit acidic in nature and their acidity can be measured by finding their pH value. The
pH values also depend upon the acidic contents such as citric acid and phosphoric acid.
APPARATUS
▪ 1. Test tube
▪ 2. Test tube holder
▪ 3. Test tube stand
▪ 4. Stop watch
▪ 5. Beaker
▪ 6. Burner
▪ 7. pH paper
▪ 8. Tripod stand
▪ 9. Wire gauge
▪ 10. Water Bath
CHEMICALS REQUIRED
▪ 1.Iodine solution
▪ 2. Potassium solution
▪ 3. Fehling’s solution Fehling’s solution B
▪ 4. Lime water
▪ 5. Concentrated HNO,
▪ 6. Benedict’s solution
 EXPERIMENT I
▪ OBSERVATION – study the pH of different samples of cold drinks.
▪ PROCEDURE - Small samples of cold drinks of different brands were taken in a test
tube. The change in color of pH was noticed and was compared with the standard
pH scale.
▪ OBSERVATION –
S no Name of the Colour changes Ph value
drink
1 Coca cola Pink 2

2 Sprite Orange 2

3 Limca Pinkish 4

4 Fanta Light orange 3

INFERENCE:
Cold drinks are generally acidic because of the presence of citric acid and phosphoric
acid. pH values of cold drinks of different brands are different due to variation in amount
of acidic contents.
EXPERIMENT 2
▪ AIM: To study the presence of carbon dioxide.
▪ PROCEDURE - As soon as the bottles were opened, one by one the sample passed
through lime water. The lime water turned milky.
▪ OBSERVATION:

S no Name of the Time taken Conclusion

drink (sec)
1 Coca cola 26 CO2 is present
2 Sprite 21 CO2 is present
3 Limca 35 CO2 is present
4 Fanta 36 CO2 is present

INFERENCE:

All the cold drinks contain dissolved carbon dioxide in water. The CO2 dissolved in water to
form carbonic acid, which is responsible
for its tangy taste.
Ca(OH)2(s) + CO2 ->CaCO3(s) + H2O(s)
EXPERIMENT 3
▪ AIM: To study the presence of glucose
▪ BENEDICT’S REAGENT TEST
▪ Small samples of cold drinks of different brands were taken in a test tube and
a few drops of Benedict’s reagent were added. The test tubes were heated for
few seconds. Formation of reddish colored precipitate confirmed the presence
of glucose in cold drinks.

S no Colddrink name Observation Conclusion

1 Coca cola Reddish ppt Glucose is present
2 Sprite Reddish ppt Glucose is present
3 Limca Reddish ppt Glucose is present
4 Fanta Reddish ppt Glucose is present
All the samples gave positive test for glucose with Benedict’s reagent. Hence,
all the drinks contain glucose.
▪ 2. FEHLING’S SOLUTION TEST
▪ PROCEDURE:
▪ Small samples of cold drinks of different brands were taken in a test tube and a few
drops of Fehling’s A and B solution was added in equal amount. The test tube was
heated in water bath for 10 minutes. Appearance of brown ppt. Confirmed the
presence of glucose in cold drinks.
S no Name of the cold Observation Conclusion
drink
1 Coca cola Reddish ppt. Glucose is present

2 Sprite Reddish ppt. Glucose is present

3 Limca Reddish ppt. Glucose is present

4 Fanta Reddish ppt. Glucose is present

INFERENCE:
All the samples gave positive test for glucose with solutions. Hence, all the cold drinks
contain glucose.
 EXPERIMENT 4
▪ AIM: To study the presence of alcohol.
▪ PROCEDURE: Small samples of each brand of cold drinks were taken in separate
test tube and iodine followed by potassium iodide and sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
solution was added to each test tube. Then the test tubes were heated in hot water
bath for 30 minutes. Appearance of yellow colored precipitate confirmed the
presence of alcohol in cold drinks.
▪ OBSERVATION:

S no Name of the drink Observation Conclusion

1 Coca cola Yellow ppt. Alcohol is present
2 Sprite Yellow ppt. Alcohol is present
3 Limca Yellow ppt. Alcohol is present
4 Fanta Yellow ppt. Alcohol is present

INFERENCE:
All the cold drinks gave positive test for alcohol. Hence, all the cold drinks contain
alcohol.
 EXPERIMENT 5
▪ AIM: To study the presence of sucrose.
▪ PROCEDURE: 5 ml samples of each brand of cold drinks were taken in separate
china dishes and were heated very strongly until changes occur. Black colored
residue left confirming the presence of sucrose in cold drinks.

S no Name of the drink Observation Conclusion

1 Coca cola Black residue Sucrose is present

2 Sprite Black residue Sucrose is present

3 Limca Black redidue Sucrose is present

4 Fanta Black residue Sucrose is present

All the brands of cold drinks contain sucrose. But amount of sucrose varies in each brand of
drink. Fanta contains highest amount of sucrose.
DISADVANTAGES OF COLD DRINKS
▪ 1. Soft drinks are little more harmful than sugar solution. As they contain sugar in large amount which
cause problems in diabetes patients.
▪ 2. Soft drinks can cause weight gain as they interfere with body's natural ability to suppress hunger
feeling.
▪ 3. Soft drinks have ability to dissolve the calcium so they are also harmful for our bones.
▪ 4. Soft drinks contain phosphoric acid which has a pH of 2.8. So they
▪ can dissolve a nail in about 4 days.
▪ 5. For transportation of soft drinks syrup the commercial truck must use the hazardous matter place
cards reserved for highly disease material.
▪ 6. Soft drinks have also ability to remove blood so they are very harmful to our body.
▪ 7. Obesity and weight related diseases.
▪ 8. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) diseases. Most soft drinks contain high concentration of simple
carbohydrates- glucose, fructose, sucrose and other simple sugars. Oral bacteria ferment carbohydrates
and produce acid, which dissolves tooth enamel during the dental decay process; thus, sweetened
drinks are likely to increase risk of dental caries. The risk is greater if the frequency of consumption is
high.
USES OF COLD DRINKS
▪ 1. They can remove rust spots from chrome car hampers.
▪ 2. They can lose a rusted bolt.
▪ 3. In many states, the highway patrol carries a few gallons of soft drinks in order to
remove blood from the highway after auto accidents.
▪ 4. Place a T-bone steak in a bowl of soft drinks and it will be gonein 2-3 days. The meat is
consumed by the acid of the cola.
▪ 5. TOILET CLEANING: Pour a can of soft drinks into the toiletbowl and let the ‘real thing’
sits for one hour, then flush. It magically cleans better than if you had scrubbed it. The
citric acid in soft drinks also removes stains from vitreous china.
▪ 6. CLEAN CORROSION FROM CAR BATTERY TERMINALS: Pour soft drinks the terminals
and the ultra-acid soft drink bubble away the alkaline corrosion in seconds.
▪ 7. REMOVE GREASE FROM CLOTHES: Empty a can of soft drink into a load of greasy
clothes, add detergent, and run through a regular cycle. The soft drink will help loosen
grease stains. It is also an excellent cleaner road haze from your windshield.
▪ 8. The active ingredient in soft drinks is phosphoric acid. Its pH is
▪ 2.8. it will dissolve a nail in about 4 days. 9. To transport soft drink syrup (the
concentrate) the commercial truck must use the hazardous material place cards
reserved fo highly corrosive materials.
▪ 10. The distributors of soft drinks have been using it to clean the engines of their trucks
for about 20 years.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
▪ CBSE lab manual WEBSITES:-
▪
▪ www.google.com
▪
▪ www.wikipedia.com
▪
▪ www.scribd.com
PRECAUTIONS
▪ Handle the glass wares carefully.
▪ Allow the time required to set.
▪ Handle the chemicals with care.
 DECLARATION
▪ I S.Swagat lenka of class XII- E. Do hereby declare that I have genuinely completed
the investigatory project on the topic “comparative study and qualitative analysis of
different brands of cold drinks” under the guidance of Mr. Santanu Kumar mishra
This project report is the original one. It has one no resemblance with the project of
any of my friends.
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
▪ This is to certify that S.SWAGAT LENKA , a student of class XII of Prabhujee English
Medium School.
▪ Roll No.
▪ Has successfully completed the project entitled “Comparative study and qualitative
analysis of different brands of cold drinks” under my guidance during the
academic session 2023-24 in partial fulfillment of chemistry practical examinaTion
▪
▪ Signature of Chemistry Teacher
▪
▪
▪ Signature of External Examiner
THANK YOU