REASON AND IMPARTIALITY AS

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR

MORALITY

Presented by : Joana Dela Cruz

 LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
•define reason and impartiality as
minimum requirements for morality;
•apply the 7-step moral reasoning model
and the value clarification process
 INTRODUCTION
The minimum requirements of morality are
reason and impartiality.
"Morality requires the impartial consideration
of each individual's interests."" Moral
judgments, or resolving a dilemma of moral
judgments must be backed by good reason
and Impartiality "
 REASON
Reason is the basis or motive for an action, decision or
conviction

It refers to the capacity for rational, logical and analytical

thought.

Reason spells the difference of moral judgements from

mere expressions of personal preference. In the absence
of sensible rationale, they are merly ubrealible and
ignorable.
 MORAL DELIBERATION
It is a matter of weighing reasons and being guided
by them.

Truth in Ethics entails being justified by good reasons.

Moral truths, if defined by good reasons, are

objective in a sense that they are true no matter
what we might want or think.
 IMPARTIALITY
This involves the idea that each individual's interests and
point of view are equality important.

Also called evenhandedness or fair mindedness.

Impartiality is a principle of justice holding that decision

ought to be based on objective criteria, rather than on
the basis of bias, prejudice or preferring the benefit to
one person over another for improper reasons.
ARE REASON AND IMPARTIALITY A REQUIREMENT FOR
MORALITY?
"At the very least is the effort to
guide one's action based on the
most logical choice while giving
equal importance to the interest of
each person affected by your
decisions "
- James Rachels
 Reason and Impartiality become the
basic prerequisite for morality as one is
expected to be able to deliver clear,
concise, rightful, and appropriate
judgements made out of logic and
understanding in an unbiased and
unprejudiced manner while considering
the general welfare to accurately
concoct moral decisions.
 VALUE CLARIFICATION
Moral reasoning either arrives at what is right or
wrong, good or bad (valuable or not valuable). The
moral reasoning process may thus follow a model
called values clarification.Values clarification
method as a part of the moral reasoning model
consists of a series of questions which one may ask
himself or others in order to arrive at one's true
values, values that he really possesses and acts
upon.
 THE STEPS OF THE VALUES
CLARIFICATION MODEL:
Prizing and being happy
Choosing freely with the choice
Choosing from Prizing and willing to affirm
alternatives the choice publicly

Choosing after Acting on

thoughtful consideration the choice
Acting repeatedly in
some pattern of life
 THE 7 QUESTIONS CAN BE SUMMED UP
INTO 3 BIG CLARIFYING QUESTIONS:
Q1 Q2
Did you choose your Did you prize or
action freely from
cherish your choice
among the alternatives by publicity affirming
after thoughtfully
it and by
considering the
consequence of each
campaining for
others to choose it?
alternative?
Q3
Do you act on your
choice repeatedly and
consistently? If the
answers to the questions
are a YES, then the moral
choice or moral decisions
can be said to be said to
be a product of reason.
 CREATIVE RESPONSIBILTY
One significant guide to the moral reasoning process what ethicist like Fr.
Gorospe (1974) termed as "creative responsibility". A creative response :

Involves positive Creative

human action Response
means to choose individual must be
from among many in constant
possible fitting dialogue with the
responses community
Thank You
Presented by : Samira Hadid