Ian Repair

↓ .

sexual
·
reproducing
·
viviparous organisms
·dioecious

· internal fertilization
directdevelopment
·

man
steps
i Refaion
Gametes
1. of
Gametogenesis:formation
-
I/
Females
makes
↳
do
ova/Egg
speems
into
2. Insemination:Transfer of streems
tract
female genital
the

male and
3. of
Fertilization:fusion
female gametes
to
the
to formation of
leading
ZYGOTE
4.
Blastocystdevelopment
5. Implantation
6.
Embryo development
7. Partition.

Sex
organs
--
I
primary ex secondary
-

Sex
organs
-
-
organs
I
↓
- include
Females I
Males
I -
↓ female
Testis ovary wall
·
Vas
deferent
-
Penis fallopian
·
take
gametes
·

·
Modeling ·
Prostate ·Where

six hormone.
Secrets Seminal
·
reside raging
Gonards,
The growth of
Mammany
·

·
and
maintenance
the Glands

functions in reproduction e
regulated by I
 ↳
perform important
Gonadotropic functions in
FSH, LH
=

but
↓ reproduction
lobe of
Anterior neither produce

gametes
nar

Pitutary land.
secretes exhormes

Fear
·

·
·

inman
·

·
* over

Labia

Labia

Clithoris

Para methral

Greater
per
majores

glands

vestibular
ce
minora-pinch withra
vestibule

gland
- gland
Prostate

Bulbowrethral
(cowpeis glands)
 AtRepretive
System
·
Location: Pelvic
region.
Male organs
reproductive
includes

i nt
I
Secondary
mary sex -
sex
organs
organs
-
-

mis
Epididy

↑
forming
Gamets ->

organ -> vas deferans

A
-> seminal
testis vesicle

situated
in
extraabdominal Prostate
cavity Bulbouthal
->
=scrotum
than glauc
12-2.5" lower
normal temperature - Penis
 t ↓ ↓ ↳

Accessory
Testis
-

-
Gand*ana
Accessory
genitalia
Seminal
·

resecte

· Prostate
Glauch

·
Bulbowrethral
gland

E
-

I
·

-
 E

e
=

es (Singular Testis):Testicles
each
gins
~10-15
·
oral
Paired shape of
4.5cm x 2.3cm
·

Size
situated.Pelvic region
caviti
·

abdominal

aupering
the
Extra abdominat
=

cavity
↓
called
within pouch
Determ
to maintain a temperative (2-2.5")
lower than the average
human
body
~

temperature
↓
 Lower in testis
temperative required
as the normal
for spermatogenesis
lead
body temperature
can
human

maturation
to
in sperms.
the
-I

Serm
↓
Small
·
muscular sac

the
testis
contains
·
and protects
external
the
male genitation
·part of
is
penis.
located behind
and

stage
·
During embryonic
cavity
abdominal
develop
in
testis the
to reach
descend
and
they birth
SCROTUM time
the
at of
called
e n

conditions
this
is

undescendedteststhe leads to

Sterility
-

connected
with the abdomen
· scrotum
remains

canal
or
carrity by
pelvic inguinal
the
-
 Inguinal
-
Canal

tubes
Blood vessels, Nerves a conducting
it
passes through
Serotal Sas)
Scrotum)=

-I
Internally
Externally
-

t
I
Pouch
look single
like a scrotel septum
I
separated
-

of skin
divides the

lateral
into position scrotum into

by a ridge
median ↓

F
2 sacs
known as Perineal
I
raphe
Each containing
a
single tis
↓
and
nerves
Blood resects,
tubes pass
conducting
it.
through

I
-
-
↓ ↳
warters
master -

muscles
muscles
-

connective
-

sac
form
tissue scrotal
the
of
spermatio cord.
help
the
in positioning
testes.
of

i outside
when the
Whenever the
is
outside temperature temperative
is w H
A ↓
These Muscles Muscles

* A

TRACT EEAX
testes
the ⑰
more
to the

to the
moving
close
-
testes way
abdominal of

pelvic cavity
 permanently thate
the
mammalsestis:
·
Elephant
·
Aquatic Mammals any defect.
what

Dolphins
seal
- Protothenians
mammals:Ornithorhynchus
Egg laying
·

In mammals:
breed seasonally
only
·

scrotum
into
Testes descend
season
during breeding
Ex.
·
and
St ter

Internal structureof Testis

0
8) - 750-1000
each testis
in

⑥
 ↳of testis Linietesticular
T. vascula

↓
al
following
contains layers
I outsich-->
Inwards
-
Is
I
vaginase Tunica alberginea
↳a
-
-

from
derived a sapset
made up of
neum -CT

&
Irregular
↓
forms during
-

the
divides
which
the descentof
testes cover whole
#
es
into: -
Lastinum Tester

border
except
I vessels, Newes
posteries
entertesticular
I -
lobules
the testis)
T
I

-
e

Interstitial Seminiferous
spaces tubutes
each Re
-
lobuts

I -

· Each lobule

Immuno-competent
Interstitial contains
spaces cells
phagocytic
=

1-3
-
seminiferas
↓ cells.
Tubeles
Small Blood
St
vessels i.e 1 1
=
-
3

& 250
 sane
Interstitial cells

Geydia's
cells

GENS
Each e

synthesis

-I cells
Male Gem Cells Setoli

-Spermatogonia
--
↓
provide chitios
&
Mitale
Meiotic division Celts
geren
to

Sperms -spermatogonia
I
-I
tubeles
1-3 seminiferous
Join togetheratthe

form
to
apices
the lobules
of
tubules
straight
↓
*
recti
mediastinum
enter
which
the

network of
1.fromtubules
a

called
 testis 10-20
fuse to form

-
I efferentductule
caved

b efferentia
4
Vasa

-
efferentes
Ductuli
-

I
ductules come out

from upper dorsal

surferce &
testis
of
highly
open into coiled

common tubules to
form

T
-

mailpen at
Epididymis
L reponse
for
month
one
as
epididy
fortheanimal
long
is
as

length
an
Gm: middle Basal
upper highly part least coiled
coilect
-Corkers cauda
epididymis
I

Caput
spididy mi
-
 ↓
abdominal cavity

ien
mange
the
the
in form of

dige
e
Terminal
·
dialated

out partcalled pulle

a
-

Inner the
sperms reach
·

epithelium
in

abdominal carity
due to the pulsation
the Vasa deferens
of
1
means upward
enter into
abdominal cavity
↓
coil
Both
· was deferens
around bladde
the -

side
of respective
their

*
· Then form
dilate to

Ampulla
 y
·
Ampulla of each side
receives seminal
the of
vesicle

↓
thatside

e
from
deferensnow
· vas

duct
ratory
↓opens into

Attic withra

Genital
Testicular

system
↓
festicular
Intra Extra testicular

genital duct
system duct system
Pubuli recti vasa efferentia
110-12]
↓
da
retr testis Epididymis
Is
te was deferens
abdomes
efferentes
Ductus
↓
ascend
 ule
niferous

Mt ↓
Inner surface
Outer surface
3
-

I Germinal
-
Epithelium
composed of

I
fibrous CT
white

A
-PROPRIA
-
↓
cells
columnar
Luboidal
germinal the
Spithelium I found in

↓ layer of germinal
made
of spermatogenic Epithelium called

cell develop from

cells
icetsI
Primodial germ Austentacular

↳which
-

emana Mandum Nuece

=

↓
cells nowish-
spermatogenic provide
·

beresis ment
todeveloping
sperms/spermatozoa spermatozoa
 · spermatogenesis
Regulate
by releasing BIN
to check
E
over activity.
shed
· absorb the part being
spermatozoa.
by developing
release
· Merion
AMF:Anti
↓
Factor

of
To preventdevelopment
duct
mullairan
duet

a
in

·
release Anchiding
proteins

t
To
form testis carrier-
vessels &

·barrier
bet blood
tubules
and seminiferous
BTB.
· One of
the
tightest tubules
Divides seminiferous
·
abliminal
basal
into
and

compartments
·
formed
by sentoli celts
Initial of Leydig cells

27-arowed the
the
· located
in

tubules
Seminiferous
testis
· tissue
Endocrine of the

Ac

Angele
secrete
synthes
the
into blood
us de decentre
acinsime -
in

↳ feens=
↓
catalan te
Leasing
aatory
the
duct-
a

minal
-
/
7
&

- resecte
-der-
Iwary
I

ha
I

External genitalia.Dis I
!
-

I made
of special meatus/
--
lessure
up
thathelp
in
↳had
erection Penis
of the

to facilitateinsemination
Terminal bulge part
apenis
-

skin
covered by a loose fold of

FORSKIN
=
 whe the
⑧
make urethra common pathway for

How of EMEN in
than
em)
Male (20
Much
longer
· in

female.

⑳ X
*

7
- smallest
part
3
->
tut in
1
↳
longest
part.

↳of
thre
I
ne
↓ ed
Prostatic Membranes pile
withra
e n

withre

↳glandulate
- -

↳ ↓
en
↓ and
. part situated
Penis
1st partsurrounded, situated behind in

sland part of
a
honges
by the the lower -

public symphysis -
part
smallestpart
 receives
of
withra the the

&
Prostate Couper's glands
&
the Penis
pass through
outside.
opens to

is
↓
erectile
·

organ, cylindrical,
copulatory
pendulous organ
in the
·
region
suspended from public
front of scrotum.
is
shaftof penis
·
Terminal partof

bulging called EN IS

covered
by moree
a

↳E
-

ps*putial Gland
seces
↓

Smegma
 Root Penis-Muscles
NRA
·

of the =

Body Penis
·

of

cylindrical
composed of longitudinal
tissue
erectile
masses
of
b Tunica albuginea
:

1
② Righ and left ① Median

E
cavernosa Coppers
- spongiosum
↓ methear
↓ continues

do not reach the end

Terminal part
Penis
of
the
Expanded
↓ ↓
Each
of
them terminates Mans
Penis

under cover of the

↓it
of glans penis. Throughout it
whole length
transversed
is

Urethra
by the

External Perile/Netmal
penis:
Opening of meatus
 ⑪
② ·s
③ - ③
⑭

abberginet
I
Funica

. .

⑤
->
>

↳
c. urethat

⑳
I
conical
Enlarged
⑰ Tyson's gland Mans
-
penis
↓
-

Glands
prputial covered
by
loose

presentin skin:FORSRIN
skin
the

neck (PREPU2E)
of penis
↓
secrete sebaceous substance
white
=
SMEGMA
 exa
essory

statethe
van
in

6 speem

↳ Fibrinogen
Prostaglanding

-
↳ca'Gati
↳ several protein
en
E
-
-
Tube
↳
alrealaddad
subouretoral
↳ 5unpaired:single.
↑

grand lobes each lobe

I
↳open into prostatic

I
mettre
alkaline milk
seightly
Huid:Profibrinolys
cate, phosphate
·
zn+ +
phosphatase
I acid

·
paired, lateral side of wether
·
situated:membranous urethre
·distry the of metal cleans
acidity it, lubrication spens
 Reategtandtsereie
e
·

↓
In
coagulated semen
reduced
sperm
-mobility
-

consent

↓
time due to
After some
getfies
Einolysin semen
more.

8 thecerea
now sperms
in

(
· Semen=sperm +
Aessory
reprifluid
speem count
~

2.5-5me with
Average rot
of Semen=
·

a
million spec
of specs,I come
when no.

fall below 20 mill,

male
-
=

- -

infertile.
60%- normal
shape 2 size Ea Emility
2

vigrous
million/nt
oligospumia=<20
·

absence of spec
· .
Azospermia either absence or
near
in semen
of sperms
-

Asthenrspemia:Reductility
·
.

abnormal mology
Teratosprmia:sperms
with
·
.

le dy Bo
-

path
of spermtough
siterousmules -
Restissentiall
metma E
- Ejacitation
duct
Evas deferens Epididymis
e
 De fertilization
b
ovelation,
·
supportgamtrogenesis,
and child care.
birth
pregnancy, &

· in
Located pelvic region.

Inetic
-
system
-
↓
secondary essory
image
-

Sex
- organ
I
x
the

ovaries
one pair
order
Femafwain
↓ moderces
t
i

Female ovarian
gamete nor more

OVUM
- =RIPE ⑳8
⑧
ne

0
E
E
 I

Canal
*Birth
 many again

Diese are game prese

Endocrine:Steroidal
hormone

2-4cm
lengin inthe
E
=

3 Located
in
abdominal cavity

↳ Fossa.
Ovarian
connected
to the Pelvic
wall
& utols by

LIGAMENTS

i
suspensary
Broad
ligament ovaiem
ligament.
of the caterers (parital Ligament ↑I
orazies
I
attaches I
peritoneum) to
ovaries
double pelvic
to the by
ovaries
the uterus wall

layered fold of peritoneute

caved RIWM-route of Blood vessels
& Nerves
of orally
MESOME TRIUM
vierus:

Oriduct:MESOUSALPX
which
epithelium
their
·
Each covered by
is
ovary
astroma:
enclose near
2 zones

i
Inner
Peripheral MEDULLA
CORTEX
-
-
Accessory
- ↳
orderts:Fallopian tube

uterus
↳ cervix
↳
vagina
TS.
tubes
-Fallopian
oviducts
-

· F.T from the uterus.

extends

2
·
in
unstripped muscle
number, muscular:
10-12 am.
length
·

reach
=

an orum
to
·
provides
a for
route sperm
occytes
or fertilized or a

and
transfer secondary
into uterus.
the
How ovary includes
·
Magos partsduct
of the

tI
↓
Is three's
Infundibulum Ampulta
partof the
End closed to
the
part
pilated that
tube
longest
formandibular
widesta
thatJoins
·

t
the F
portions of the uterus

has like -
finger ↓
called Isthunus
projection Ampreltary
EIMBRIAE
= Junction

during
. .

ovulation,
.

the
ora
~
site
Eilisation
released the peritoneal colonic
in cavity due to this called
it is egg
 syste
inverted pear shaped.
highly
.

vascular
hollow, muscular,
.

large
bladder & Return.
· Located:pelvic between the

·
suspended by a
mesentery-FETRIV
·site of placenta
foetal growth during Pregnancy, formation
1 ·

expulsion
o baby
dining
partansition
21

-3
-

35 ↳ +vagina
=> BIRTH CANAL

Fundus
-
-i
/Body cervix

upper
·
part
middle ·

cower, narrow

parto opens in body

dome-shaped
·

·
· main

urterers. of uterus by
·
above the -
al os &
Im
below by
opening of in
raging
fallopian tube -
nEx Real Os

formed of powerful sphincter -

the body. Lavity of

muscle of
Mical canal
 wallofres
I
-
b to
Endometrium
Perimetium
↓(serosal
Myometrium
t
t

Inner blandular
external their Middle thick layer
smooth Muscles layor
membranous of

I
-visieral to
peritoneum
Exhibits stronge
=adventitia.
contraction
during
delivery of baby.
W
-
lines the cyclical changes
uterine
cavity dining
menstrual
cycle.
i
↓
vascularised
highly
has 2 layers

11
Stratum basalis Stratum functionalis
uterine Carity
·closer to the
Myometrium · lines the
·
permanenta give
six to a
sloughs of during
menstration
-

new so functionalis often each

a
menses. ·
It also nourishes foetus.
 Ex the uterus
to the
vagina
·narrow
canal
connecting
-
Birth
cervical canal
canal
do
cervical canal
with
earity of
the servix along
forms
called
is as the vergine
Canal.
servical canal Birth

Legina -

tube
long, fibro-muscular
·

vascular take
highly membrane
·

mucus
·

internally by
lined
reused
↓ into
which
transverse folds
-
sugat
vaginalwith
#lined
droid
of glandse
e stratified squamous
by
partially
covered a
Epithelium
membrankull
diaphragm fnion-Keratinised
calledmen
rupture by
due
sudden eine
mesence or absence
of hymen is not reliable
sexual experience
indicator
of virginity
or

ion
-

act both as
carral
raging
·

t
sperms
receives the from
penis diving copulation
cerical canal
-

⑭canac
I t

vagine.

re
↳alalia of

-- ↓
include
↓ b
major
Pobis minora is
↓ ↓
t I
folds
paried tiny finger
of
cushion
Fleshy Folds
tissue like which
tissue
fatty lesser &
-
of
of under the
lics at the
covered by suno und
upper
the
skin & prebic
Vaginal majora o
juction
labia
have
opening the 2

minera above
the
mothrah

opening
 Garde
ory
-

↓ I
vestibular Mammary
Glands Glands
↓
I types
-
cate ~

Lesser
vestibular
vertibular

=Bartholin's -paraurethral
Gland
- skene's
H
glands
↳

of
pair
·
small small
·
pair
yellow
reddish glands
between
glands on each · present and
side
unethiart
y vaginal orifices.
vaginal
orifies.
·
alkaline
secrete

secretion for
tubrication &
-

nentialising
minary acidity.
 manyads
·
modifed sudoriferous glands
sweatglands (
-

.
presence
of functional is

mammary gland
all female
characteristic
of
mammals.
. produce
milk

over
lies
·
pectoralis
the
-

muscle
majos
I
(T.
by nense irregular Glandular tisser
A contain:
paired structure amount variably
·

of
Mammary gland Fat
-Breast

↓Divided into
15-20 lobes
manmary
↓ secretes milk.
Alveolirtcni=
cluster
of Celts or

↓
tubules
open into mammary
to dust
to form mammary
join
a

libules each lobe

of
to
Ampulla
Y
Lactiferous duct - open in nipple
 mammary glands of
the female
↓ undergo
differentiation
during pregnancy
↓Starts
milk
producing
↓ -per
excess called
the

Lactation
the newborn
·

Help mother
the feeding initial. Few days
in

producing during
aledRUM=
·
The milk

is
of sactation
 Gametogens garnetformation
process of
is

Femal
-

Male
e

· Teem -
spermatogenesisOogenesis
At
puberty During Embryonic
· Process begins -

development
ploidy a chromosomes

3 spermatogonia
·
mother cell/
cell Female
number/cell make
germ
-

2n 46
=
-
organea

I ↳osti
spermatoisonline
2n 46
Primary
=

-
↳
Meiosis

n 23
=

permatocytes
secondary 28t polar secondary
-1titis If body orga

1
-

n 23
=
Spermatids
spermatogenesis!1 I -
L
over
n 23
=

Specs 2nd polar

d body
specmiogenesis
Released from
sminiferous
tubeles
 Sansgenesis
parage re
a rg ument" ↳
in=
2n,2C
=

Seminiferous tubules

complein is
ted stages bei n gsatpubert y, see
permato
Meiosis I

spermatics-meionis
#
I
meiosis:
·
spermatocytes -

spermatids - spermatozoa
·eness:
GnRH +FSH + L4regulates gametogenesis
I

I vitA =
for
Essential gametogenesis
sterility

hasfatan
↳definery
en z

tubules-lined by
.
wall of seminiferous
-
↓
columnar
cuboide cells
Sertoli
spermatogonia
·

* Tech
BTB Blood
derived from form
=

·
Basic

Protectthe sperm from

↓
·

sem cells
Primodial immune system
·
Endo wire gland.
 I 3 biochemicals
↓
At
puberty Ne
↓
ABB
specmatogonia AMH Inhibin
↓ gives Androgen

dii: negative feedback and

Antimallerian
her more in
↓ gland
pitutary

d
↓
inhibitmullerian <mainly)
duct &
specmatozoa in make
espothalamus

Itconcentrates
ST
en
testest evone

to aid spermatogenesis
 ↑
↑
&
ihnm. each
Haploid=23
=>

=X
or 24

qtsiplord: 46 chromosomes

⑲ if
·>
↑
diploid=46chromosom
>

energ
e)
permatocytogenesis
-
-

seminiferous
tubules
spermatogonia (inside division
wall
of

multiply by Mitotic
↓

increases numbers
in

↳
Each spermatogonia-diploid Grow, innease
in

changes-they,
 mativals
nowishing
↳He
accumulating
and are called-

-> patocytes
other
① (many
periodically undergo
Remain
as

Sis
↓)

spermatogonia
-

② Resis (2n)
46 44 =
XY
+

diploid
=

primary spermatocytes:
to the
leading
tic)
I
the
complete
of
formation
-

alls
&

cqual=haploid
↳
=>
spermatocytes
and
dr yChromosome
each
-
23
② Haplod
n
= =

22 Y
+

= 22 xor
+

Beis
I

secondary spermatocytes
meiotic
&
W
I

matids
⑭ haploid n
=
23
=

-
④
Eminent
&

speciated ID non-motile a
heavy
b

mitochondria
I
=

like
organelles
->

-- ↳ Gogee
-
Spermiogenesis ↳
--

nucleus

=weightof gamete
with
reduced
is along
the developmentof
structure
Locomotory the

A compact: forming
head
partof
major
spermatozoa
-
Acrosom
the spende
centeroles o
-

=
2
of
-differentparts in
arranged
speciatid &
around
piece
middle

I
·

Filament
Cytoplasin= much lostit form
around
↑

this layer -

middle place
i
-

*matozoa
Sper
-
- flagellated consisting
read, neck,
piece
middle
of a parts
I fail.

↓
heads embedded
After spemiogenesis sperm
the
the
in Sertoli cells &
the finally released from
seminiferous tubules by the procers of ration]
 control gadReprive system
wal
to
age of puberty
at the
starts
spermatogenesis -

section of
in the
significant increase

(=GuRH)
Hormone
sonadotropin releasing
from Hypothalamus.

&
x cess
leve

↳retrantin whe
-
->

pactorgan
·
spe product
·
derelipmel i
exual
y 2'
t
·
feedback
Suppotratu

>
St
in
ABP = cone testosterone increases
spermatogensis
Rate of

④ Testosterone secreted
is
in Fortal stage (30ng/ml place
conc. to cause descentof
in
testis lasttimester of
itsuterine life.
 ↑
sture
of thespen
3 parts de piece

-lead covered
->
by cap called

I
anterior:Nuclear
accosomal -
->
Cop

=galea capitis
-

cap
-

-
Acrosome: modified GolgiBody
⑧ filled with lytic enzyme
-

8
called
sperm lysing
-

Hyaluronidiase
·

corona Peneteling
enzyme
Zora lysin
2 8
·

us consists chromatin
of
-

e
CimaityA) extremly =

x Condensed
Cytoplasm] ~
Basic protein-Protamine.
Alek. In the art part o

piece.
-

↓ muddle
Centrat
-

wasnow-contains -2

-
Distal
proximal
E (Basal)
play sole during I
to the
-

less
firstcleavage
the give
of in fertilised efilament
axial
fail

S
Ovum. of
the long
④a the spen
 ↳beece)
chamber
I -Energy
filament
partof the axial
the middle
lies
which in

surrounded by
a
is
- piece
-
-Mitochondrite
astically arranged
e

standard
ally theentire
->

called
E -
Their
layer of cytoplasm
middle size
in

tan
Manchette
=

unknow)
·

Ring
centivole (fiction
middle piece
n distal end of

I
-
Axial filamentpasses through
-

I
-

most of the fail

middu piece a

composed of toits arranged

muded
fibrils
a

pair
of Central

doubledi
circle
-
S

↳main
past
longest percial filament, memb
by sure
the

& Plasma
small amount of cytoplasen rate
atthe of
·

sperms mores
by swimming site of
search the
-
1.5to 3mm/minute to

↳
minutes <

within
fertilization > -
 Amato genesis
-
Oogenesis
-

·
primary spermatocyte -primary Docyte
↓ I
spermatozoa ①
-
=

orum

whi atocyte loocyle

↳ deride
·

divides -
its
cytoplasm cytoplasm
almostall
Equally dividedbet the the
into daughter
-any
2 spermatocytes goes
cell=
which

formed.
In human (2 mostvertebrates
1stpolar body=
rid
I- ·"merely get of
does not undergoes unwanted chromosoms
Genesis initial steps
in
egg production
to birth.
occur price
↓ -

the development
initiated
during embryo
gamete
cells Mother
million
b - formed
Dogonia
each
within fetal
ovary
to

geniaare fordee
a

more
no

25 weeks old
focus
is

All
oogonia
are formed by
MITOSIS
↓
Hundreds cells
these (abt 45,00 -65000)
of
into
develops
I the

primary oocytes- begin

the
Ist steps of
Meioision
t &

arrest
·prophase-I
at Diphotene
&

then any further

stop development
 · -
en
puberty only
at 60,000-2000
primary follicles
↳ in each ovary
I

Iphahou
-

Phase
-

~ complete
pucess -
⑯
stage
in
embryoin
th
phase o female
in most
higher
Congestphase
·

animals
Oviparous
size of te many times Diplotene
egg
-

walgreene
·

I
-

E
 suctureof wary
*-
outer most Inner layer

layer of Tunica
-

albuginea
↳
orary made of
up
Germinal Epium
fibrous IT
-

white

(see are
Inner partof orary

I
I
Tissue
connective

verettat
part
outer
the
MEDULLA
-

CORTEX
=

Numerous orgonial
cortical
are
found in

in Intrauterine
region
life.
 Malian
Oran

- ↳B

im
of Follicle.
nation
surrounded by
cortex the
of dry Dogonia:
-

other cells forms

dra a

them
ta for
f
Stromal cells

↓
=Graafian follicle
↳
the
surrounds
ovum and

protectit.
The is
of follick
stages formation
are as follow:

1) click
Amodial
primary
follicle
-Developing

⑮ fatticle.
paimordial
cells the stroma
·
Ist some of
↓ become

surround
tened a Cells
#
primary
cyte

I
-

develop from
( which
orgonia (

ultimately form
or
follicle
the

↓
and
I
Follicular cells ex
 to
Flattened follicular Cells

↓ now become

Manar
stage
this
upto
-follicles called
of
development are

midial
follicle

follicle
2) I

membrane
Basement

--Falticular cell

-
become columnar

thecida
-

glycoprotein I
b
bett
appears
cells
the fear
2

oocyte
oocyte
 follicular cells

proliferateto forms

I
cells
several
layers of
to form

membrane granulosa
cells.
=Granulosa

en
Famaarmembrate
from
granulosa

Late
Primacy follicle,

3] Secondary follicle-

Esfollicle expand
to membrane
the
cer
stromal surrounding
become condensed
granulosa
called
↓ To
form covering thereal cells
interne
* Interna
Thera
Celts of
-

E
ESTROGEN
=

Secrete Hormone-
 ↓
the
outside Theca interna some fibrous tissue

to form
!
become condensed
called the
covering
other
↳3 cle
tiary
granulos
a

within membrane
the
sabity appears
follicle]
called into:
[liquor
Anturn
appearance of

I
with the
is formed
the
follicle
(small Sac

clearly
These layer organied
is
follicular

rear
into
an onthe
outer
Tonew P

runa
Thea
Thela

Externa

~
Tertiaryfossicle.
~
 Testiary
3) Mative Follicle

Graafian follicle
=

These
Externa

. Gafthicle
Zona

discus
pellucida
proligers

carity of follick
the

rapidly
↓
increases size & gets
in filled
with called
a fluid atticuli
 As
Due to in the size
increase of the

follicle (formed
cavity wall
the
of the
by granulosar cells)

↓ becomes

thin
relatively
d
in the follicl
te-lies encentrically
f
surrounded by some #-
gramiloss
cells

thatare called -
Cumulus oophorus
-

the
to
it
· The cells thatattached
called
follicle
as
wall the are
of

police
i and
follicle
ovarian
· fully formed
now

now called the limit

-
follick
&
close
in ene
· The
granulosa lying cells

ida-become
vicinity of the - radiate
to
clongated form coroner
the I-
· 13 days of menstrual
After cycls=,nilday-GF rupfund
Egg sebased
 are
of corpers
Imation
↳ovulation
the side
inner of follicle
autar
-

is

eovulation
! & ruptured
Mi grow
Blood vessels
-

↓
·
Graafian niche
become
follicle is know e

filled
with I
-

-Interm
-L
GF=
cells ruptured
· The
granulosar of
follicl
Graffian &
proliferate become

1
cells
these
accumulation
-
to
yellow de

(EIN
-

of pigment
are called
These cells

Luteal
#
cell]
1, secrete
sterone strogen be
e
*
luteum.
corpres
 lizar
Feaf

-
-

X b ⑱
⑮ Iatation
n ↓
↓
luteum
corpers Interm Campus
become stable start degenerating
for next 9 months
after about as
by
the help of of formation
its

AG secreted about23rd day

ine

embryonic cycle.
by itself I menstrual
cells trophoblast. c.1 is
Degenerated albicans
known
as
I-
corpus
-

ene

↳sterone
pregnancy
.
maintain
↓

to make its
·

repair the wall ofuterus

help Implantation.
in

surface adhesive to
 · action
Due to
aerogen
↓
Endometrium
of interns prepara
for implantation.
↓

day fertilization
By st
7th
to of
↓
Embryo is
implanted
Endometris
into
at the
(most commonly
EDUS
the 2 oraries of
Total
of follicles
· number in

adultwomen
a normal young

- ↳ lakhs

&
·
However mostof them undergo regression
disposed
W

and
death are
disappeal due to

during reproductive
the
off by
the
phagocytes
formed
as
This
females.
is
the
years of
Ficutapsia. This responsible
for is
-
production
invited number
of gamete
females.
in
 ·
Generally, only one over is in
liberated
each menstrual alternate
cycle, by
ovaries.

hormone
syfer
·
copulation oxytocin
↓sccuted
from

posteriel pitutary glanc

promotes
1hormone
the

peristalases in
the
& Utterns
Fallopian tube
↓

tires theseropian the

are