REVISION PPT2

WEATHER AND CLIMATE

WINDS
 WINDS

• WHAT IS WIND?
• WIND IS THE MOVEMENT OF AIR FROM AN AREA OF HIGH PRESSURE.
• WHAT IS WIND VANE?
• IT IS AN INSTRUMENT WHICH SHOWS THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND.
• WHAT IS ANEMOMETER?
• IT IS AN INSTRUMENT WHICH MEASURES THE SPEED OF THE WIND.
RAINFALL
 RAINFALL

• WHAT IS RAINFALL?
• IT IS THE AMOUNT OF RAIN THAT FALLS IN A PLACE DURING A PARTICULAR PERIOD.
• WHERE DOES IT COME FROM?
• RAIN IS DROPLETS OF WATER THAT FALL FROM CLOUDS . HEAT FROM THE SUN TURNS INTO MOISTURE
(WATER) FROM PLANTS AND LEAVES , AS WELL AS OCEANS , LAKES AND RIVERS INTO WATER VAPOUR
(GAS), WHICH DISAPPEARS INTO THE AIR. THIS WATER VAPOUR RISES ,COOLS AND CHANGES INTO
TINY WATER DROPLETS, WHICH FORMS CLOUDS.

• RAIN FORMS DUE TO EVAPORATION AND CONDENSATION

 EVAPORATION AND CONDENSATION

• WHAT IS EVAPORATION?
• EVAPORATION IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH A LIQUID TURNS INTO A GAS.

• WHAT IS CONDENSATION?
• CONDENSATION IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH WATER VAPOR IN THE AIR IS CHANGED INTO
LIQUID WATER IT’S THE OPPOSITE OF EVAPORATION.
 HOW IS AIR COOLED TO FORM RAINFALL?

• AIR MAY BE COOLED IN THREE WAYS:

• COOLING DUE TO RELIEF

• COOLING DUE TO CONVECTION CURRENTS

• COOLING DUE TO WARM AIR MEETING COLD AIR

HOW TO CALCULATE THE DAILY TEMPERATURE RANGE

• MAXIMUM DAILY TEMPERATURE _______ MINIMUM DAILY TEMPERATURE

• 32.7 C - 19C = 13.7C

 HOW TO CALCULATE THE AVERAGE DAILY
TEMPERATURE
• MAXIMUM DAILY TEMPERATURE + MINIMUM DAILY TEMPERATURE / DIVIDED BY 2
• E. G ( 32. 7C + 19 C) -:- 2 = 25.8C
CYCLONES
 WHAT IS CYCLONE?

• A STORM OR SYSTEM OF WINDS THAT ROTATES ABOUT A CENTER OF LOW ATMOSPHERIC

PRESSURE , ADVANCES AT A SPEED OF 20 TO 30 MILES ( 30 TO 50 KILOMETERS ) AN HOUR
AND OFTEN BRINGS A GREAT DEAL OF RAIN.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLIMATE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLIMATE
SOME OF THE REASONS FOR DIFFERENCE IN CLIMATE

• LATITUDE
ALTITUDE
DISTANCE FROM THE SEA
 MONSOON

• MONSOON COMES FROM AN ARABIC WORD MAUSIM WHICH MEANS SEASON

• THERE ARE 3 SEASONS

• NOV- FEB , COOL AND DRY
• MARCH – MAY , HOT AND DRY
• JUNE – OCT , HOT AND WET
 THE EQUATORIAL CLIMATE

• CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EQUATORIAL CLIMATE:

• THERE ARE NO SEASONS
• TEMPERATURES VARY VERY LITTLE THROUGH OUT THE YEAR
• THE AVERAGE DAILY TEMPERATURE IS ABOUT 26 C.
• RAINFALL IS HEAVY THROUGH OUT THE YEAR.
• RAINFALL IS CONVENTIONAL AND OCCURS NEARLY EVERYDAY.