400 B.C.

EBERS PAPYRUS
➔ Oldest preserved egyptian compilation
HIPPOCRATES of medical texts.
- a greek physician. ➔ contains a description of the 3 stages
- founder of science medicine. of hookworm.
-formulated the famous HIPPOCRATIC OATH. 3 STAGES OF HOOKWORM
● EGG
HIPPOCRATIC OATH ● LARVAE
- code of ethics for practicing physician. ➔ FILARIFORM
➔ RHABDITIFORM
4 HUMOURS ● ADULT
● BLOOD
● PHLEGM MEDIEVAL PERIOD (1098 - 1438)
● YELLOW BILE
● BLACK BILE RUTH WILLIAMS
NOTE: Urine was the composite of these - Believed that medical technology
humors. began from the medieval period.
ANNA FAGELSON (ANNE FAGELSON)
URINALYSIS - Confirmed the beginning of medical
- the study of urine technology when she correlated the
- oldest laboratory procedure death of Alexander Gillani to
laboratory-acquired infection.
600 B.C.
- physicians recorded the taste of diabetic urine 17th CENTURY
- if ants gather, the urine is sweet
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
1500 B.C. - FATHER OF MICROBIOLOGY
- First scientist who used compound
VIVIAN HERRICK microscope
- traced the beginning of medical technology - Observe and describe the appearance
when intestinal parasites such as TAENIA and of RBC and differentiate bacteria using
ASCARIS were first identified. the compound microscope.
MARCELLO MALPIGHI
NOTE: TAENIA is a kind of flatworm. - “FOUNDER OF PATHOLOGY”
ASCARIS is a kind of roundworm. because of his contributions to
embryology and anatomy.
2 TYPES OF TAENIA - Greatest of the early microscopist.
● TAENIA SODIUM - gets by eating
undercooked pork. 18th CENTURY
● TAENIA SAGINATA - gets by eating
undercooked beef. RUDOLF VIRCHOW
ASCARIS - soil transmitted. (transmitted primarily - FATHER OF MICROSCOPIC
by walking barefoot on contaminated soil). PATHOLOGY
- Also gets by eating and drinking - Emphasized the study of diseases and
contaminated foods and water. infections which are visible at the
cellular level by means of microscope.
MICROSCOPIC PATHOLOGY - cellular level
of disease
19th CENTURY 1920
- employment increased to 3,500
LOUIS PASTEUR
- Discovered the concept of anaerobic 1922
and aerobic bacteria. - 3,035 hospitals had clinical laboratories
ANAEROBIC BACTERIA - do not need
oxygen to survive. WORLD WAR 1
AEROBIC BACTERIA - needs oxygen to - important factor in the growth of clinical
survive. laboratory
FACULTATIVE - they may or may not need - produced great demand for technicians
oxygen to survive. 1 REASON
● FACULTATIVE ANAEROBIC - need a - BIOTERRORISM
little carbon dioxide to survive.
● FACULTATIVE AEROBIC - need a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
little bit of oxygen to survive. - one of the first schools where training
workers was established
HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN - the course bulletin was entitled “
THE UNITED STATES “COURSES IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
FOR CLINICAL AND LABORATORY
1885 TECHNICIANS “ (1922)
DR. WILLIAM H. WELCH
- first professor of pathology at John 1921 - THE DENVER SOCIETY OF
Hopkins University CLINICAL PATHOLOGIST WAS
ORGANIZED.
1896
- the first clinical laboratory was opened at MEDICAL LABORATORY BOARD RATING
the JOHN HOPKINS HOSPITAL by DR. - 75 and above
WILLIAM OSLER.
- a clinical laboratory was also opened at the LABORATORY TECHNICIAN BOARD
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA RATING
(WILLIAM PEPPER LABORATORY). - 71 to 74 percent

DR. JAMES C. TODD 1923

- wrote “ A Manual of clinical diagnosis ” - the university of Minnesota was the first to
- retitled “ Clinical Diagnosis by offer level program
Laboratory Methods “ in the 19th edition
WORLD WAR 2
1900 - CENUS - era of sophistication
- 100 male technicians were employed in the - blood usage increased
united states - close system of blood collection was widely
adopted
1915
- the state legislature of Pennsylvania BODY SYSTEM
enacted a law requiring all hospitals and - soldiers should have a partner with the
institutions to have an adequate lab and to same blood type
employ a full time laboratory technician.
OPEN SYSTEM
- greater risk of infection
- no safety procedures in blood transfusion
DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
1944
- the first clinical laboratory in the
Philippines was built at Quiricada St., Sta.
Cruz Manila by the 6th Infantry Division of
the U.S. ARMY
- now known as the MANILA PUBLIC
HEALTH LABORATORY
JUNE 1945
- the 6th US army left the place leaving the
laboratory to the NATIONAL DEPARTMENT
OF HEALTH which is now known as the
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH (DOH)
Dr. Alfredo Pio De Roda
- a well known filipino Bacteriologist
- preserved the remains of the facility
together with Dr. Mariano Icasiano
Dr. Mariano Icasiano
- 1st city health officer of Manila
October 1, 1945
- the preserved laboratory was formally
established by Dr. Alfredo Pio De Roda
with the help of Dr. Prudencio Sta. Ana
(DR. PRUDENCIA STA. ANA).
- both of them offered free training
1947
- the Public Health Laboratory and Manila
Heath Department started training
laboratory technicians
1954
- Dr. Alfredo and Prudencio together with Dr.
Tirso Briones prepared a syllabus for
training medical technicians
- Manila Sanitarium Hospital and Philippine
Union of college opened the first medical
program in the Philippines
Mrs. Willia Hedrick (MRS. WILLA
HEDRICK)
- founder of the medical education in the
Philippines
Dr. Reuben Manalaysay
- president of the Philippine Union College
Rev. Merrit Warren
- president of the North Philippines Mission
of the 7th day Adventist
3 MAJOR COURSES
- Microbiology
- Parasitology
- Histopathology
- back then, it was a 5 year course
- now it consists of 4 years (3 years for
acads, 1 year for internship)
March 1956
- when the PUC had its 1st graduate which
is Dr. Jesse Umali
- followed by Mr. Avelino Oliva and Ms.
Adoracion Yutuc
1957
- University of Santo Tomas (UST) offered
a course in Pharmacy
- leading to a Bachelor of Science in Medical
Technology course under Dr. Antonio
Gabriel and Dr. Gustavo Reyes
JUNE 1960-1961
- Bureau of Education approved the 3 year
medical technology course
- 4th year as internship program
Centro Escolar University (1960)
- offered the degree of B.S. Medical
Technology
- turned out the first batch of graduates in
1962
FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY (1961)
- started the school of Medical Technology
 - started with the combined efforts of Dr. - produced diseases in worms by injecting
Horacio Ylagan and Dr. Serafin Juliana organic material
- granted by Dr. Lauro Panganiban and Dr. - IMPACT OF CONTRIBUTION:
Jesus Nelasco BACTERIOLOGY

Dr. Horacio Ylagan 1857

- technical director of Far Eastern University
LOUIS PASTEUR
UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES (1961) - produced immunity to rabies
- offered B.S. IN HYGIENE (B.S. IN PUBLIC
HEALTH) 1866

GREGOR MENDEL
MILESTONES IN MEDICAL - proposed his law of inherited characteristics
TECHNOLOGY from studies on plants

1660 1870

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK JOSEPH LISTER

- FATHER OF MICROBIOLOGY - father of modern surgery
- Known for his work on improvement of - described that surgical infections are caused
the microscope. by airborne organisms
1796
1877
EDWARD JENNER
- Discovered vaccination to establish ROBERT KOCH
immunity to small pox. - presented the 1st pictures of Bacilli and
IMPACT OF CONTRIBUTION: Tubercle Bacilli
IMMUNOLOGY BACILLI - anthrax ( respiratory infection)
Also known as WOOLSHORTER’S
Small Pox DISEASE
- cross reactive to cow pox - used as bioterrorism
- fatal
1886
Cow Pox
- less fatal ELLIE METCHNIKOFF
- less symptoms - described phagocytes in the blood and their
role of fighting infections
1880
PHAGOCYTES
MARIE FRANCOIS XAVIER BICHAT -like
- Identified organs by the types of - type of white blood cell
tissues. - engulfs foreign materials - bacterias, viruses
IMPACT OF CONTRIBUTION: HISTOLOGY
PHAGOCYTOSIS
1835 - process of engulfment from foreign material.

AGOSTINO BASSI ERNST VON BERGMANN

- introduced steam sterilization in surgery
AUTOCLAVING - process of sterilizing the 1954
material through steam under pressure.
JONAS SALK (through intramuscular)
1902 - Developed poliomyelitis
vaccine.
KARL LANDSTEINER
- father of blood groupings POLIOMYELITIS
- father of immunochemistry - virus that infects the nerve cells inside the
- distinguished the development of ABO Blood muscles.
Group System INTRAMUSCULAR
- arm vaccine
TWO MAJOR BLOOD TYPES
ALBERT SABIN
1. ABO - TYPE A, B, AB, O - ORAL POLIO VACCINE
2. RHO - TYPE A+, TYPE B+ (BASTA MAY - matter of demonstration is through
PLUS) oral.
ORAL - mouth
1906
1973
AUGUST VON WASSERMANN
- Developed immunologic tests for JAMES WESTGARD
syphilis - Westgard rules
SYPHILIS- sexually transmitted disease. - Rule for the quality control in the clinical
VERTICAL TRANSMISSION - transmission laboratory
of disease during pregnancy (kung saan
naipapamana ang syphilis sa magiging anak). 1980

HOWARD RICKETTS BARUCH SAMUEL BLUMBERG

- Discovered microorganisms whose - introduced Hepatitis B Vacinne
range lies between bacteria and virus
called RICKETTSIAE. HEPATITIS B
- liver infection
RICKETTSIAE - microorganism that lies
between the bacteria and virus. 1985
- can infect inside the cell.
KARY MULLIS
1929 - Developed the polymerase chain
reaction (PCR).
HANS FISCHER - Antigen test
- worked out the structure of hemoglobin
1992
HEMOGLOBIN (SABI NI GOOGLE
HAEMOGLOBIN) ANDRE VAN STEIRTEGHEM
- carries oxygen - Introduced intracytoplasmic sperm
- present in the red blood cell (RBC) injection (IVF).
1998

JAMES THOMSON
- derived the 1st human stem cell line

STEM CELL
- 1st line of cells
- can be transfused if compatible

By: MLS BLOCK 1F

Andrei B. Baccay
Brent Ivan D. Suero