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REVISION HISTORY

DEFINITION

TAXONOMY

ENGLISH NOMENCLATURE

ALTERNATIVE NAMES

ADDITIONAL STATUS

FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT
REFERENCES

CHANGE LOG
README
Praveen, J, Subramanya, S., Raj, V. M., 2016a. A checklist of the birds of Karnataka. Indian BIRDS 12 (4&5): 89–118
Praveen, J, Subramanya, S., Raj, V. M., 2021. A checklist of the birds of Karnataka, India (v3.0). Website: http://www.indianbird
v3.0 published on 28 May 2021
v2.0 published on 15 September 2020
v1.0 published on 01 July 2019.
The 'Karnataka Checklist' is a definitive checklist of the birds of Karnataka, which have been reliably recorded from within the
species from the state of Karnataka have been comprehensively and critically reviewed for the Karnataka Checklist.
For matters on taxonomy, we follow 'India Checklist' (Praveen et al. 2018, Praveen et al. 2020, Praveen et al. 2021), which foll
region's avifauna from higher-order ranks down to generic and species limits as long as they are accepted and adopted in all th
al. 2021). Refer to Praveen et al. 2018a, Praveen et al. 2019, Praveen et al. 2020 and Praveen et al. 2021 for more information
For English names of birds, we follow 'India Checklist' (Praveen et al. 2021). 'India Checklist' follows a principle of regional fam
the Indian audience and the global birding community with some degree of obvious trade-off. For style of English names (pert
follows the H&M4 template. For details, refer to Praveen et al. (2016b)
Alternative names, wherever necessary, have also been provided for most bird species for the purpose of cross-referencing. A
requested to look up the respective species notes, annotated in Praveen et al. (2016b), for further details. Note that only nam
given here as Alternative Names
Includes IUCN threat categories, Widlife (Protection) Act Schedule, Appendices of CITES and CMS and their endemic status in t
Area (SA) are given along with endemic status for India. See Praveen et al. (2019) for further details.
Please refer to Praveen et al. (2016a) and Praveen et al. (2016b; 2018a; 2019; 2020; 2021) for details on background, method
and bibliography. regarding the Karnataka Checklist may be sent to Praveen J <paintedstork@gmail.com> or S Subramanya <
All correspondence
Clements, J. F., Schulenberg, T. S., Iliff, M. J., Billerman, S. M., Fredericks, T. A., Sullivan, B. L., & Wood, C. L., 2019. The eBird/Cl
https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/. [Accessed on 25 January 2020.]
Gill F, D Donsker & P Rasmussen (Eds). 2021. IOC World Bird List (v11.1). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.11.1
Praveen, J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2016b. A checklist of the birds of India. Indian BIRDS 11: 5&6: 113-170
Praveen, J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2018a. Taxonomic updates to the checklist of birds of India and the South Asian region—20
Praveen J., Subramanya, S. & Raj, V. M., 2018b. Karnataka checklist: Corrections and additions. Indian BIRDS. 14: (4) 127–128
Praveen J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2019. Updates to the checklists of birds of India and the South Asian region—2019. Indian B
Praveen J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2020. Taxonomic updates to the checklists of birds of India, and the South Asian region—20
Praveen J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2021. Updates to the checklists of birds of India, and the South Asian region—2021. Indian
Rasmussen, P. C., & Anderton, J. C., 2012a. Birds of South Asia: the Ripley guide: field guide. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C. and Bar
Rasmussen, P. C., & Anderton, J. C., 2012b. Birds of South Asia: the Ripley guide: attributes and status. 2nd ed. Washington, D.
683.
3.0: Taxonomic updates for 2020. Added Yellow-rumped Flycatcher Ficedula zanthopygia (Rath & Nischitha 2021), Eastern Yel
Bunting Emberiza striolata (Vishwanath & Shailesh 2021)
2.0: Taxonomic updates for 2020. Added Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor(Kondapur 2020), Northern Wheatear Oenanth
and Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana (Nayak 2020). Listing Yellow-throated Bulbul as endemic to Southern Andhra Pradesh
1.0: First version of the checklist.
Sl No Order Family Species
1 Anseriformes Anatidae Fulvous Whistling Duck Dendrocygna bicolor
2 Anseriformes Anatidae Lesser Whistling Duck Dendrocygna javanica
3 Anseriformes Anatidae Bar-headed Goose Anser indicus
4 Anseriformes Anatidae Greylag Goose Anser anser
5 Anseriformes Anatidae Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons
6 Anseriformes Anatidae Knob-billed Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos
7 Anseriformes Anatidae Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea
8 Anseriformes Anatidae Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna
9 Anseriformes Anatidae Cotton Pygmy Goose Nettapus coromandelianus
10 Anseriformes Anatidae Garganey Spatula querquedula
11 Anseriformes Anatidae Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata
12 Anseriformes Anatidae Gadwall Mareca strepera
13 Anseriformes Anatidae Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope
14 Anseriformes Anatidae Indian Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha
15 Anseriformes Anatidae Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
16 Anseriformes Anatidae Northern Pintail Anas acuta
17 Anseriformes Anatidae Common Teal Anas crecca
18 Anseriformes Anatidae Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina
19 Anseriformes Anatidae Common Pochard Aythya ferina
20 Anseriformes Anatidae Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca
21 Anseriformes Anatidae Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula
22 Galliformes Phasianidae Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus
23 Galliformes Phasianidae Red Spurfowl Galloperdix spadicea
24 Galliformes Phasianidae Painted Spurfowl Galloperdix lunulata
25 Galliformes Phasianidae Blue-breasted Quail Synoicus chinensis
26 Galliformes Phasianidae Common Quail Coturnix coturnix
27 Galliformes Phasianidae Rain Quail Coturnix coromandelica
28 Galliformes Phasianidae Jungle Bush Quail Perdicula asiatica
29 Galliformes Phasianidae Rock Bush Quail Perdicula argoondah
30 Galliformes Phasianidae Painted Bush Quail Perdicula erythrorhyncha
31 Galliformes Phasianidae Painted Francolin Francolinus pictus
32 Galliformes Phasianidae Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus
33 Galliformes Phasianidae Grey Junglefowl Gallus sonneratii
34 Phoenicopteriformes Phoenicopteridae Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus
35 Phoenicopteriformes Phoenicopteridae Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor
36 Podicipediformes Podicipedidae Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis
37 Columbiformes Columbidae Rock Pigeon Columba livia
38 Columbiformes Columbidae Nilgiri Wood Pigeon Columba elphinstonii
39 Columbiformes Columbidae Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis
40 Columbiformes Columbidae Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto
41 Columbiformes Columbidae Red Collared Dove Streptopelia tranquebarica
42 Columbiformes Columbidae Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis
43 Columbiformes Columbidae Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis
44 Columbiformes Columbidae Asian Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica
45 Columbiformes Columbidae Orange-breasted Green Pigeon Treron bicinctus
46 Columbiformes Columbidae Grey-fronted Green Pigeon Treron affinis
47 Columbiformes Columbidae Yellow-footed Green Pigeon Treron phoenicopterus
48 Columbiformes Columbidae Green Imperial Pigeon Ducula aenea
49 Columbiformes Columbidae Mountain Imperial Pigeon Ducula badia
50 Pterocliformes Pteroclidae Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles exustus
51 Pterocliformes Pteroclidae Painted Sandgrouse Pterocles indicus
52 Otidiformes Otididae Great Indian Bustard Ardeotis nigriceps
53 Otidiformes Otididae Lesser Florican Sypheotides indicus
54 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis
55 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Lesser Coucal Centropus bengalensis
56 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Sirkeer Malkoha Taccocua leschenaultii
57 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Blue-faced Malkoha Phaenicophaeus viridirostris
58 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Chestnut-winged Cuckoo Clamator coromandus
59 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Pied Cuckoo Clamator jacobinus
60 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopaceus
61 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Banded Bay Cuckoo Cacomantis sonneratii
62 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Grey-bellied Cuckoo Cacomantis passerinus
63 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Fork-tailed Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus dicruroides
64 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Large Hawk Cuckoo Hierococcyx sparverioides
65 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Common Hawk Cuckoo Hierococcyx varius
66 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Lesser Cuckoo Cuculus poliocephalus
67 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus
68 Cuculiformes Cuculidae Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus
69 Caprimulgiformes Podargidae Sri Lanka Frogmouth Batrachostomus moniliger
70 Caprimulgiformes Caprimulgidae Jungle Nightjar Caprimulgus indicus
71 Caprimulgiformes Caprimulgidae Jerdon's Nightjar Caprimulgus atripennis
72 Caprimulgiformes Caprimulgidae Indian Nightjar Caprimulgus asiaticus
73 Caprimulgiformes Caprimulgidae Savanna Nightjar Caprimulgus affinis
74 Caprimulgiformes Apodidae White-rumped Spinetail Zoonavena sylvatica
75 Caprimulgiformes Apodidae Brown-backed Needletail Hirundapus giganteus
76 Caprimulgiformes Apodidae Indian Swiftlet Aerodramus unicolor
77 Caprimulgiformes Apodidae Alpine Swift Tachymarptis melba
78 Caprimulgiformes Apodidae Common Swift Apus apus
79 Caprimulgiformes Apodidae Blyth’s Swift Apus leuconyx
80 Caprimulgiformes Apodidae Indian House Swift Apus affinis
81 Caprimulgiformes Apodidae Asian Palm Swift Cypsiurus balasiensis
82 Caprimulgiformes Hemiprocnidae Crested Treeswift Hemiprocne coronata
83 Gruiformes Rallidae Slaty-breasted Rail Lewinia striata
84 Gruiformes Rallidae Spotted Crake Porzana porzana
85 Gruiformes Rallidae Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus
86 Gruiformes Rallidae Eurasian Coot Fulica atra
87 Gruiformes Rallidae Grey-headed Swamphen Porphyrio poliocephalus
88 Gruiformes Rallidae Watercock Gallicrex cinerea
89 Gruiformes Rallidae White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus
90 Gruiformes Rallidae Slaty-legged Crake Rallina eurizonoides
91 Gruiformes Rallidae Ruddy-breasted Crake Zapornia fusca
92 Gruiformes Rallidae Brown Crake Zapornia akool
93 Gruiformes Rallidae Little Crake Zapornia parva
94 Gruiformes Rallidae Baillon's Crake Zapornia pusilla
95 Gruiformes Gruidae Demoiselle Crane Grus virgo
96 Gruiformes Gruidae Common Crane Grus grus
97 Charadriiformes Burhinidae Indian Thick-knee Burhinus indicus
98 Charadriiformes Burhinidae Great Thick-knee Esacus recurvirostris
99 Charadriiformes Recurvirostridae Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus
100 Charadriiformes Recurvirostridae Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta
101 Charadriiformes Haematopodidae Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus
102 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola
103 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva
104 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Yellow-wattled Lapwing Vanellus malabaricus
105 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Grey-headed Lapwing Vanellus cinereus
106 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus
107 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius
108 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus
109 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii
110 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus
111 Charadriiformes Charadriidae Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius
112 Charadriiformes Rostratulidae Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis
113 Charadriiformes Jacanidae Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus
114 Charadriiformes Jacanidae Bronze-winged Jacana Metopidius indicus
115 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus
116 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata
117 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica
118 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa
119 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres
120 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris
121 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Ruff Calidris pugnax
122 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Broad-billed Sandpiper Calidris falcinellus
123 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea
124 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Temminck's Stint Calidris temminckii
125 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Sanderling Calidris alba
126 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Dunlin Calidris alpina
127 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Little Stint Calidris minuta
128 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus
129 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola
130 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Wood Snipe Gallinago nemoricola
131 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Great Snipe Gallinago media
132 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago
133 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Pintail Snipe Gallinago stenura
134 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Swinhoe's Snipe Gallinago megala
135 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus
136 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus
137 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos
138 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus
139 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus
140 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia
141 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis
142 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola
143 Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Common Redshank Tringa totanus
144 Charadriiformes Turnicidae Small Buttonquail Turnix sylvaticus
145 Charadriiformes Turnicidae Yellow-legged Buttonquail Turnix tanki
146 Charadriiformes Turnicidae Barred Buttonquail Turnix suscitator
147 Charadriiformes Dromadidae Crab-plover Dromas ardeola
148 Charadriiformes Glareolidae Indian Courser Cursorius coromandelicus
149 Charadriiformes Glareolidae Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola
150 Charadriiformes Glareolidae Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarum
151 Charadriiformes Glareolidae Small Pratincole Glareola lactea
152 Charadriiformes Stercorariidae South Polar Skua Stercorarius maccormicki
153 Charadriiformes Stercorariidae Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus
154 Charadriiformes Stercorariidae Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus
155 Charadriiformes Stercorariidae Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus
156 Charadriiformes Laridae Slender-billed Gull Chroicocephalus genei
157 Charadriiformes Laridae Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus
158 Charadriiformes Laridae Brown-headed Gull Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus
159 Charadriiformes Laridae White-eyed Gull Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus
160 Charadriiformes Laridae Sooty Gull Ichthyaetus hemprichii
161 Charadriiformes Laridae Pallas's Gull Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus
162 Charadriiformes Laridae Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus
163 Charadriiformes Laridae Brown Noddy Anous stolidus
164 Charadriiformes Laridae Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus
165 Charadriiformes Laridae Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus
166 Charadriiformes Laridae Little Tern Sternula albifrons
167 Charadriiformes Laridae Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica
168 Charadriiformes Laridae Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia
169 Charadriiformes Laridae Black Tern Chlidonias niger
170 Charadriiformes Laridae Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida
171 Charadriiformes Laridae Common Tern Sterna hirundo
172 Charadriiformes Laridae Black-bellied Tern Sterna acuticauda
173 Charadriiformes Laridae River Tern Sterna aurantia
174 Charadriiformes Laridae Greater Crested Tern Thalasseus bergii
175 Charadriiformes Laridae Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis
176 Charadriiformes Laridae Lesser Crested Tern Thalasseus bengalensis
177 Charadriiformes Laridae Indian Skimmer Rynchops albicollis
178 Phaethontiformes Phaethontidae Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus
179 Procellariiformes Oceanitidae Wilson's Storm-petrel Oceanites oceanicus
180 Procellariiformes Oceanitidae White-faced Storm-petrel Pelagodroma marina
181 Procellariiformes Hydrobatidae Swinhoe's Storm-petrel Oceanodroma monorhis
182 Procellariiformes Procellariidae Jouanin's Petrel Bulweria fallax
183 Procellariiformes Procellariidae Flesh-footed Shearwater Ardenna carneipes
184 Procellariiformes Procellariidae Persian Shearwater Puffinus persicus
185 Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Asian Openbill Anastomus oscitans
186 Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Black Stork Ciconia nigra
187 Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus
188 Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae White Stork Ciconia ciconia
189 Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos javanicus
190 Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala
191 Suliformes Fregatidae Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel
192 Suliformes Fregatidae Christmas Island Frigatebird Fregata andrewsi
193 Suliformes Sulidae Masked Booby Sula dactylatra
194 Suliformes Sulidae Brown Booby Sula leucogaster
195 Suliformes Sulidae Red-footed Booby Sula sula
196 Suliformes Anhingidae Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster
197 Suliformes Phalacrocoracidae Little Cormorant Microcarbo niger
198 Suliformes Phalacrocoracidae Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo
199 Suliformes Phalacrocoracidae Indian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis
200 Pelecaniformes Pelecanidae Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus
201 Pelecaniformes Pelecanidae Spot-billed Pelican Pelecanus philippensis
202 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Great Bittern Botaurus stellaris
203 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis
204 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus
205 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
206 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Black Bittern Ixobrychus flavicollis
207 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Grey Heron Ardea cinerea
208 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Purple Heron Ardea purpurea
209 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Great Egret Ardea alba
210 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia
211 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Little Egret Egretta garzetta
212 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Western Reef Egret Egretta gularis
213 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis
214 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii
215 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Striated Heron Butorides striata
216 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax
217 Pelecaniformes Ardeidae Malayan Night Heron Gorsachius melanolophus
218 Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus
219 Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus
220 Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Red-naped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa
221 Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia
222 Accipitriformes Pandionidae Osprey Pandion haliaetus
223 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus
224 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus
225 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Oriental Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus
226 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Jerdon's Baza Aviceda jerdoni
227 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Black Baza Aviceda leuphotes
228 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Red-headed Vulture Sarcogyps calvus
229 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus
230 Accipitriformes Accipitridae White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis
231 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Indian Vulture Gyps indicus
232 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Himalayan Vulture Gyps himalayensis
233 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus
234 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela
235 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Short-toed Snake Eagle Circaetus gallicus
236 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Changeable Hawk Eagle Nisaetus cirrhatus
237 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Legge's Hawk Eagle Nisaetus kelaarti
238 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Rufous-bellied Eagle Lophotriorchis kienerii
239 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Black Eagle Ictinaetus malaiensis
240 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Indian Spotted Eagle Clanga hastata
241 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga
242 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus
243 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax
244 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis
245 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca
246 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Bonelli's Eagle Aquila fasciata
247 Accipitriformes Accipitridae White-eyed Buzzard Butastur teesa
248 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus
249 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus
250 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus
251 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Pied Harrier Circus melanoleucos
252 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus
253 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Crested Goshawk Accipiter trivirgatus
254 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Shikra Accipiter badius
255 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Besra Accipiter virgatus
256 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus
257 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Black Kite Milvus migrans
258 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus
259 Accipitriformes Accipitridae White-bellied Sea Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster
260 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Lesser Fish Eagle Haliaeetus humilis
261 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Grey-headed Fish Eagle Haliaeetus ichthyaetus
262 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Common Buzzard Buteo buteo
263 Accipitriformes Accipitridae Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus
264 Strigiformes Tytonidae Eastern Grass Owl Tyto longimembris
265 Strigiformes Tytonidae Common Barn Owl Tyto alba
266 Strigiformes Tytonidae Sri Lanka Bay Owl Phodilus assimilis
267 Strigiformes Strigidae Indian Scops Owl Otus bakkamoena
268 Strigiformes Strigidae Pallid Scops Owl Otus brucei
269 Strigiformes Strigidae Oriental Scops Owl Otus sunia
270 Strigiformes Strigidae Indian Eagle Owl Bubo bengalensis
271 Strigiformes Strigidae Spot-bellied Eagle Owl Bubo nipalensis
272 Strigiformes Strigidae Brown Fish Owl Ketupa zeylonensis
273 Strigiformes Strigidae Jungle Owlet Glaucidium radiatum
274 Strigiformes Strigidae Spotted Owlet Athene brama
275 Strigiformes Strigidae Mottled Wood Owl Strix ocellata
276 Strigiformes Strigidae Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica
277 Strigiformes Strigidae Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus
278 Strigiformes Strigidae Brown Hawk Owl Ninox scutulata
279 Trogoniformes Trogonidae Malabar Trogon Harpactes fasciatus
280 Bucerotiformes Upupidae Common Hoopoe Upupa epops
281 Bucerotiformes Bucerotidae Great Hornbill Buceros bicornis
282 Bucerotiformes Bucerotidae Indian Grey Hornbill Ocyceros birostris
283 Bucerotiformes Bucerotidae Malabar Grey Hornbill Ocyceros griseus
284 Bucerotiformes Bucerotidae Malabar Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros coronatus
285 Coraciiformes Alcedinidae Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis
286 Coraciiformes Alcedinidae Blue-eared Kingfisher Alcedo meninting
287 Coraciiformes Alcedinidae Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher Ceyx erithaca
288 Coraciiformes Alcedinidae Stork-billed Kingfisher Pelargopsis capensis
289 Coraciiformes Alcedinidae White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis
290 Coraciiformes Alcedinidae Black-capped Kingfisher Halcyon pileata
291 Coraciiformes Alcedinidae Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis
292 Coraciiformes Meropidae Blue-bearded Bee-eater Nyctyornis athertoni
293 Coraciiformes Meropidae Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis
294 Coraciiformes Meropidae Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus
295 Coraciiformes Meropidae Blue-tailed Bee-eater Merops philippinus
296 Coraciiformes Meropidae European Bee-eater Merops apiaster
297 Coraciiformes Meropidae Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti
298 Coraciiformes Coraciidae European Roller Coracias garrulus
299 Coraciiformes Coraciidae Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis
300 Coraciiformes Coraciidae Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis
301 Piciformes Megalaimidae Malabar Barbet Psilopogon malabaricus
302 Piciformes Megalaimidae Coppersmith Barbet Psilopogon haemacephalus
303 Piciformes Megalaimidae Brown-headed Barbet Psilopogon zeylanicus
304 Piciformes Megalaimidae White-cheeked Barbet Psilopogon viridis
305 Piciformes Picidae Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla
306 Piciformes Picidae Speckled Piculet Picumnus innominatus
307 Piciformes Picidae Heart-spotted Woodpecker Hemicircus canente
308 Piciformes Picidae Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker Yungipicus nanus
309 Piciformes Picidae Yellow-crowned Woodpecker Leiopicus mahrattensis
310 Piciformes Picidae Greater Flameback Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus
311 Piciformes Picidae White-naped Woodpecker Chrysocolaptes festivus
312 Piciformes Picidae Rufous Woodpecker Micropternus brachyurus
313 Piciformes Picidae Common Flameback Dinopium javanense
314 Piciformes Picidae Black-rumped Flameback Dinopium benghalense
315 Piciformes Picidae Lesser Yellownape Picus chlorolophus
316 Piciformes Picidae Streak-throated Woodpecker Picus xanthopygaeus
317 Piciformes Picidae White-bellied Woodpecker Dryocopus javensis
318 Falconiformes Falconidae Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni
319 Falconiformes Falconidae Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus
320 Falconiformes Falconidae Red-necked Falcon Falco chicquera
321 Falconiformes Falconidae Amur Falcon Falco amurensis
322 Falconiformes Falconidae Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo
323 Falconiformes Falconidae Laggar Falcon Falco jugger
324 Falconiformes Falconidae Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus
325 Psittaciformes Psittaculidae Alexandrine Parakeet Psittacula eupatria
326 Psittaciformes Psittaculidae Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri
327 Psittaciformes Psittaculidae Plum-headed Parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala
328 Psittaciformes Psittaculidae Malabar Parakeet Psittacula columboides
329 Psittaciformes Psittaculidae Vernal Hanging Parrot Loriculus vernalis
330 Passeriformes Pittidae Indian Pitta Pitta brachyura
331 Passeriformes Campephagidae White-bellied Minivet Pericrocotus erythropygius
332 Passeriformes Campephagidae Small Minivet Pericrocotus cinnamomeus
333 Passeriformes Campephagidae Scarlet Minivet Pericrocotus speciosus
334 Passeriformes Campephagidae Ashy Minivet Pericrocotus divaricatus
335 Passeriformes Campephagidae Swinhoe's Minivet Pericrocotus cantonensis
336 Passeriformes Campephagidae Rosy Minivet Pericrocotus roseus
337 Passeriformes Campephagidae Large Cuckooshrike Coracina macei
338 Passeriformes Campephagidae Black-winged Cuckooshrike Lalage melaschistos
339 Passeriformes Campephagidae Black-headed Cuckooshrike Lalage melanoptera
340 Passeriformes Oriolidae Indian Golden Oriole Oriolus kundoo
341 Passeriformes Oriolidae Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis
342 Passeriformes Oriolidae Black-hooded Oriole Oriolus xanthornus
343 Passeriformes Artamidae Ashy Woodswallow Artamus fuscus
344 Passeriformes Vangidae Malabar Woodshrike Tephrodornis sylvicola
345 Passeriformes Vangidae Common Woodshrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus
346 Passeriformes Vangidae Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike Hemipus picatus
347 Passeriformes Aegithinidae Common Iora Aegithina tiphia
348 Passeriformes Aegithinidae Marshall's Iora Aegithina nigrolutea
349 Passeriformes Rhipiduridae Spot-breasted Fantail Rhipidura albogularis
350 Passeriformes Rhipiduridae White-browed Fantail Rhipidura aureola
351 Passeriformes Dicruridae Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus
352 Passeriformes Dicruridae Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus
353 Passeriformes Dicruridae White-bellied Drongo Dicrurus caerulescens
354 Passeriformes Dicruridae Bronzed Drongo Dicrurus aeneus
355 Passeriformes Dicruridae Hair-crested Drongo Dicrurus hottentottus
356 Passeriformes Dicruridae Greater Racket-tailed Drongo Dicrurus paradiseus
357 Passeriformes Monarchidae Black-naped Monarch Hypothymis azurea
358 Passeriformes Monarchidae Indian Paradise-flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi
359 Passeriformes Laniidae Isabelline Shrike Lanius isabellinus
360 Passeriformes Laniidae Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus
361 Passeriformes Laniidae Bay-backed Shrike Lanius vittatus
362 Passeriformes Laniidae Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach
363 Passeriformes Laniidae Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor
364 Passeriformes Corvidae Rufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda
365 Passeriformes Corvidae White-bellied Treepie Dendrocitta leucogastra
366 Passeriformes Corvidae House Crow Corvus splendens
367 Passeriformes Corvidae Large-billed Crow Corvus macrorhynchos
368 Passeriformes Stenostiridae Grey-headed Canary-flycatcher Culicicapa ceylonensis
369 Passeriformes Paridae Cinereous Tit Parus cinereus
370 Passeriformes Paridae White-naped Tit Machlolophus nuchalis
371 Passeriformes Paridae Indian Black-lored Tit Machlolophus aplonotus
372 Passeriformes Alaudidae Rufous-tailed Lark Ammomanes phoenicura
373 Passeriformes Alaudidae Ashy-crowned Sparrow Lark Eremopterix griseus
374 Passeriformes Alaudidae Singing Bushlark Mirafra cantillans
375 Passeriformes Alaudidae Jerdon's Bushlark Mirafra affinis
376 Passeriformes Alaudidae Indian Bushlark Mirafra erythroptera
377 Passeriformes Alaudidae Sykes's Short-toed Lark Calandrella dukhunensis
378 Passeriformes Alaudidae Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula
379 Passeriformes Alaudidae Malabar Lark Galerida malabarica
380 Passeriformes Alaudidae Sykes's Lark Galerida deva
381 Passeriformes Cisticolidae Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius
382 Passeriformes Cisticolidae Rufous-fronted Prinia Prinia buchanani
383 Passeriformes Cisticolidae Grey-breasted Prinia Prinia hodgsonii
384 Passeriformes Cisticolidae Jungle Prinia Prinia sylvatica
385 Passeriformes Cisticolidae Ashy Prinia Prinia socialis
386 Passeriformes Cisticolidae Plain Prinia Prinia inornata
387 Passeriformes Cisticolidae Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis
388 Passeriformes Cisticolidae Golden-headed Cisticola Cisticola exilis
389 Passeriformes Acrocephalidae Thick-billed Warbler Arundinax aedon
390 Passeriformes Acrocephalidae Booted Warbler Iduna caligata
391 Passeriformes Acrocephalidae Sykes's Warbler Iduna rama
392 Passeriformes Acrocephalidae Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus agricola
393 Passeriformes Acrocephalidae Blyth's Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum
394 Passeriformes Acrocephalidae Clamorous Reed Warbler Acrocephalus stentoreus
395 Passeriformes Locustellidae Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naevia
396 Passeriformes Locustellidae Broad-tailed Grassbird Schoenicola platyurus
397 Passeriformes Locustellidae Bristled Grassbird Schoenicola striatus
398 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Grey-throated Martin Riparia chinensis
399 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Sand Martin Riparia riparia
400 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris
401 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Dusky Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne concolor
402 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica
403 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii
404 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Hill Swallow Hirundo domicola
405 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis daurica
406 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Streak-throated Swallow Petrochelidon fluvicola
407 Passeriformes Hirundinidae Northern House Martin Delichon urbicum
408 Passeriformes Pycnonotidae Grey-headed Bulbul Brachypodius priocephalus
409 Passeriformes Pycnonotidae Flame-throated Bulbul Rubigula gularis
410 Passeriformes Pycnonotidae Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer
411 Passeriformes Pycnonotidae Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus
412 Passeriformes Pycnonotidae Yellow-throated Bulbul Pycnonotus xantholaemus
413 Passeriformes Pycnonotidae White-browed Bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus
414 Passeriformes Pycnonotidae Yellow-browed Bulbul Acritillas indica
415 Passeriformes Pycnonotidae Square-tailed Bulbul Hypsipetes ganeesa
416 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus
417 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Hume's Warbler Phylloscopus humei
418 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Tytler's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus tytleri
419 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Sulphur-bellied Warbler Phylloscopus griseolus
420 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Tickell's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus affinis
421 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita
422 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Green Warbler Phylloscopus nitidus
423 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Greenish Warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides
424 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Large-billed Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus magnirostris
425 Passeriformes Phylloscopidae Western Crowned Warbler Phylloscopus occipitalis
426 Passeriformes Sylviidae Lesser Whitethroat Curruca curruca
427 Passeriformes Sylviidae Eastern Orphean Warbler Curruca crassirostris
428 Passeriformes Paradoxornithidae Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense
429 Passeriformes Zosteropidae Indian White-eye Zosterops palpebrosus
430 Passeriformes Timaliidae Pin-striped Tit Babbler Mixornis gularis
431 Passeriformes Timaliidae Tawny-bellied Babbler Dumetia hyperythra
432 Passeriformes Timaliidae Dark-fronted Babbler Dumetia atriceps
433 Passeriformes Timaliidae Indian Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus horsfieldii
434 Passeriformes Pellorneidae Puff-throated Babbler Pellorneum ruficeps
435 Passeriformes Leiothrichidae Brown-cheeked Fulvetta Alcippe poioicephala
436 Passeriformes Leiothrichidae Jungle Babbler Argya striata
437 Passeriformes Leiothrichidae Yellow-billed Babbler Argya affinis
438 Passeriformes Leiothrichidae Common Babbler Argya caudata
439 Passeriformes Leiothrichidae Large Grey Babbler Argya malcolmi
440 Passeriformes Leiothrichidae Rufous Babbler Argya subrufa
441 Passeriformes Leiothrichidae Wayanad Laughingthrush Pterorhinus delesserti
442 Passeriformes Leiothrichidae Banasura Laughingthrush Montecincla jerdoni
443 Passeriformes Sittidae Indian Nuthatch Sitta castanea
444 Passeriformes Sittidae Velvet-fronted Nuthatch Sitta frontalis
445 Passeriformes Sturnidae Southern Hill Myna Gracula indica
446 Passeriformes Sturnidae Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris
447 Passeriformes Sturnidae Rosy Starling Pastor roseus
448 Passeriformes Sturnidae Asian Pied Starling Gracupica contra
449 Passeriformes Sturnidae Brahminy Starling Sturnia pagodarum
450 Passeriformes Sturnidae Chestnut-tailed Starling Sturnia malabarica
451 Passeriformes Sturnidae Malabar Starling Sturnia blythii
452 Passeriformes Sturnidae Common Myna Acridotheres tristis
453 Passeriformes Sturnidae Jungle Myna Acridotheres fuscus
454 Passeriformes Turdidae Nilgiri Thrush Zoothera neilgherriensis
455 Passeriformes Turdidae Pied Thrush Geokichla wardii
456 Passeriformes Turdidae Orange-headed Thrush Geokichla citrina
457 Passeriformes Turdidae Indian Blackbird Turdus simillimus
458 Passeriformes Turdidae Tickell's Thrush Turdus unicolor
459 Passeriformes Turdidae Eyebrowed Thrush Turdus obscurus
460 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Dark-sided Flycatcher Muscicapa sibirica
461 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Asian Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa dauurica
462 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Brown-breasted Flycatcher Muscicapa muttui
463 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata
464 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Indian Robin Copsychus fulicatus
465 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Oriental Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis
466 Passeriformes Muscicapidae White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus
467 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Nilgiri Sholakili Sholicola major
468 Passeriformes Muscicapidae White-bellied Blue Flycatcher Cyornis pallidipes
469 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Blue-throated Flycatcher Cyornis rubeculoides
470 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Tickell's Blue Flycatcher Cyornis tickelliae
471 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Blue-and-white Flycatcher Cyanoptila cyanomelana
472 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Nilgiri Flycatcher Eumyias albicaudatus
473 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Verditer Flycatcher Eumyias thalassinus
474 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Indian Blue Robin Larvivora brunnea
475 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Bluethroat Luscinia svecica
476 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Malabar Whistling Thrush Myophonus horsfieldii
477 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Siberian Rubythroat Calliope calliope
478 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Yellow-rumped Flycatcher Ficedula zanthopygia
479 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Black-and-orange Flycatcher Ficedula nigrorufa
480 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Ultramarine Flycatcher Ficedula superciliaris
481 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Rusty-tailed Flycatcher Ficedula ruficauda
482 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla
483 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula subrubra
484 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva
485 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros
486 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Blue-capped Rock Thrush Monticola cinclorhyncha
487 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis
488 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius
489 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maurus
490 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata
491 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe
492 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina
493 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti
494 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka
495 Passeriformes Muscicapidae Brown Rock Chat Oenanthe fusca
496 Passeriformes Dicaeidae Thick-billed Flowerpecker Dicaeum agile
497 Passeriformes Dicaeidae Pale-billed Flowerpecker Dicaeum erythrorhynchos
498 Passeriformes Dicaeidae Nilgiri Flowerpecker Dicaeum concolor
499 Passeriformes Nectariniidae Purple-rumped Sunbird Leptocoma zeylonica
500 Passeriformes Nectariniidae Crimson-backed Sunbird Leptocoma minima
501 Passeriformes Nectariniidae Purple Sunbird Cinnyris asiaticus
502 Passeriformes Nectariniidae Loten's Sunbird Cinnyris lotenius
503 Passeriformes Nectariniidae Vigors's Sunbird Aethopyga vigorsii
504 Passeriformes Nectariniidae Little Spiderhunter Arachnothera longirostra
505 Passeriformes Irenidae Asian Fairy-bluebird Irena puella
506 Passeriformes Chloropseidae Jerdon's Leafbird Chloropsis jerdoni
507 Passeriformes Chloropseidae Golden-fronted Leafbird Chloropsis aurifrons
508 Passeriformes Ploceidae Streaked Weaver Ploceus manyar
509 Passeriformes Ploceidae Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus
510 Passeriformes Ploceidae Black-breasted Weaver Ploceus benghalensis
511 Passeriformes Estrildidae Red Munia Amandava amandava
512 Passeriformes Estrildidae Indian Silverbill Euodice malabarica
513 Passeriformes Estrildidae White-rumped Munia Lonchura striata
514 Passeriformes Estrildidae Black-throated Munia Lonchura kelaarti
515 Passeriformes Estrildidae Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata
516 Passeriformes Estrildidae Tricoloured Munia Lonchura malacca
517 Passeriformes Passeridae House Sparrow Passer domesticus
518 Passeriformes Passeridae Yellow-throated Sparrow Gymnoris xanthocollis
519 Passeriformes Passeridae Pale Rockfinch Carpospiza brachydactyla
520 Passeriformes Motacillidae Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus
521 Passeriformes Motacillidae Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea
522 Passeriformes Motacillidae Western Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava
523 Passeriformes Motacillidae Eastern Yellow Wagtail Motacilla tschutschensis
524 Passeriformes Motacillidae Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola
525 Passeriformes Motacillidae White-browed Wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis
526 Passeriformes Motacillidae White Wagtail Motacilla alba
527 Passeriformes Motacillidae Richard's Pipit Anthus richardi
528 Passeriformes Motacillidae Paddyfield Pipit Anthus rufulus
529 Passeriformes Motacillidae Long-billed Pipit Anthus similis
530 Passeriformes Motacillidae Blyth's Pipit Anthus godlewskii
531 Passeriformes Motacillidae Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris
532 Passeriformes Motacillidae Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis
533 Passeriformes Motacillidae Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni
534 Passeriformes Motacillidae Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus
535 Passeriformes Fringillidae Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus
536 Passeriformes Emberizidae Crested Bunting Emberiza lathami
537 Passeriformes Emberizidae Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala
538 Passeriformes Emberizidae Red-headed Bunting Emberiza bruniceps
539 Passeriformes Emberizidae Chestnut-eared Bunting Emberiza fucata
540 Passeriformes Emberizidae Grey-necked Bunting Emberiza buchanani
541 Passeriformes Emberizidae Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana
542 Passeriformes Emberizidae Striolated Bunting Emberiza striolata
543 Passeriformes Emberizidae Little Bunting Emberiza pusilla
English Name
Fulvous Whistling Duck
Lesser Whistling Duck
Bar-headed Goose
Greylag Goose
Greater White-fronted Goose
Knob-billed Duck
Ruddy Shelduck
Common Shelduck
Cotton Pygmy Goose
Garganey
Northern Shoveler
Gadwall
Eurasian Wigeon
Indian Spot-billed Duck
Mallard
Northern Pintail
Common Teal
Red-crested Pochard
Common Pochard
Ferruginous Duck
Tufted Duck
Indian Peafowl
Red Spurfowl
Painted Spurfowl
Blue-breasted Quail
Common Quail
Rain Quail
Jungle Bush Quail
Rock Bush Quail
Painted Bush Quail
Painted Francolin
Grey Francolin
Grey Junglefowl
Greater Flamingo
Lesser Flamingo
Little Grebe
Rock Pigeon
Nilgiri Wood Pigeon
Oriental Turtle Dove
Eurasian Collared Dove
Red Collared Dove
Spotted Dove
Laughing Dove
Asian Emerald Dove
Orange-breasted Green Pigeon
Grey-fronted Green Pigeon
Yellow-footed Green Pigeon
Green Imperial Pigeon
Mountain Imperial Pigeon
Scientific Name Authority
Dendrocygna bicolor (Vieillot, 1816)
Dendrocygna javanica (Horsfield, 1821)
Anser indicus (Latham, 1790)
Anser anser (Linnaeus, 1758)
Anser albifrons (Scopoli, 1769)
Sarkidiornis melanotos (Pennant, 1769)
Tadorna ferruginea (Pallas, 1764)
Tadorna tadorna (Linnaeus, 1758)
Nettapus coromandelianus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Spatula querquedula (Linnaeus, 1758)
Spatula clypeata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Mareca strepera (Linnaeus, 1758)
Mareca penelope (Linnaeus, 1758)
Anas poecilorhyncha J.R. Forster, 1781
Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758
Anas acuta Linnaeus, 1758
Anas crecca Linnaeus, 1758
Netta rufina (Pallas, 1773)
Aythya ferina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Aythya nyroca (Güldenstädt, 1770)
Aythya fuligula (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758
Galloperdix spadicea (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Galloperdix lunulata (Valenciennes, 1825)
Synoicus chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Coturnix coturnix (Linnaeus, 1758)
Coturnix coromandelica (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Perdicula asiatica (Latham, 1790)
Perdicula argoondah (Sykes, 1832)
Perdicula erythrorhyncha (Sykes, 1832)
Francolinus pictus (Jardine & Selby, 1828)
Francolinus pondicerianus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Gallus sonneratii Temminck, 1813
Phoenicopterus roseus Pallas, 1811
Phoeniconaias minor (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1798)
Tachybaptus ruficollis (Pallas, 1764)
Columba livia J.F. Gmelin, 1789
Columba elphinstonii (Sykes, 1832)
Streptopelia orientalis (Latham, 1790)
Streptopelia decaocto (Frivaldszky, 1838)
Streptopelia tranquebarica (Hermann, 1804)
Streptopelia chinensis (Scopoli, 1786)
Streptopelia senegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Chalcophaps indica (Linnaeus, 1758)
Treron bicinctus (Jerdon, 1840)
Treron affinis (Jerdon, 1840)
Treron phoenicopterus (Latham, 1790)
Ducula aenea (Linnaeus, 1766)
Ducula badia (Raffles, 1822)
Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse
Painted Sandgrouse
Great Indian Bustard
Lesser Florican
Greater Coucal
Lesser Coucal
Sirkeer Malkoha
Blue-faced Malkoha
Chestnut-winged Cuckoo
Pied Cuckoo
Asian Koel
Banded Bay Cuckoo
Grey-bellied Cuckoo
Fork-tailed Drongo Cuckoo
Large Hawk Cuckoo
Common Hawk Cuckoo
Lesser Cuckoo
Indian Cuckoo
Common Cuckoo
Sri Lanka Frogmouth
Jungle Nightjar
Jerdon's Nightjar
Indian Nightjar
Savanna Nightjar
White-rumped Spinetail
Brown-backed Needletail
Indian Swiftlet
Alpine Swift
Common Swift
Blyth’s Swift
Indian House Swift
Asian Palm Swift
Crested Treeswift
Slaty-breasted Rail
Spotted Crake
Common Moorhen
Eurasian Coot
Grey-headed Swamphen
Watercock
White-breasted Waterhen
Slaty-legged Crake
Ruddy-breasted Crake
Brown Crake
Little Crake
Baillon's Crake
Demoiselle Crane
Common Crane
Indian Thick-knee
Great Thick-knee
Black-winged Stilt
Pterocles exustus Temminck, 1825
Pterocles indicus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Ardeotis nigriceps (Vigors, 1831)
Sypheotides indicus (J.F. Miller, 1782)
Centropus sinensis (Stephens, 1815)
Centropus bengalensis (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)
Taccocua leschenaultii Lesson, 1830
Phaenicophaeus viridirostris (Jerdon, 1840)
Clamator coromandus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Clamator jacobinus (Boddaert, 1783)
Eudynamys scolopaceus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Cacomantis sonneratii (Latham, 1790)
Cacomantis passerinus (Vahl, 1797)
Surniculus dicruroides (Hodgson, 1839)
Hierococcyx sparverioides (Vigors, 1832)
Hierococcyx varius (Vahl, 1797)
Cuculus poliocephalus Latham, 1790
Cuculus micropterus Gould, 1838
Cuculus canorus Linnaeus, 1758
Batrachostomus moniliger Blyth, 1849
Caprimulgus indicus Latham, 1790
Caprimulgus atripennis Jerdon, 1845
Caprimulgus asiaticus Latham, 1790
Caprimulgus affinis Horsfield, 1821
Zoonavena sylvatica (Tickell, 1846)
Hirundapus giganteus (Temminck, 1825)
Aerodramus unicolor (Jerdon, 1840)
Tachymarptis melba (Linnaeus, 1758)
Apus apus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Apus leuconyx (Blyth, 1845)
Apus affinis (J.E. Gray, 1830)
Cypsiurus balasiensis (J.E. Gray, 1829)
Hemiprocne coronata (Tickell, 1833)
Lewinia striata (Linnaeus, 1766)
Porzana porzana (Linnaeus, 1766)
Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758
Porphyrio poliocephalus (Latham, 1801)
Gallicrex cinerea (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Amaurornis phoenicurus (Pennant, 1769)
Rallina eurizonoides (Lafresnaye, 1845)
Zapornia fusca (Linnaeus, 1766)
Zapornia akool (Sykes, 1832)
Zapornia parva (Scopoli, 1769)
Zapornia pusilla (Pallas, 1776)
Grus virgo (Linnaeus, 1758)
Grus grus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Burhinus indicus (Salvadori, 1865)
Esacus recurvirostris (Cuvier, 1829)
Himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta Linnaeus, 1758
Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus Linnaeus, 1758
Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Yellow-wattled Lapwing Vanellus malabaricus (Boddaert, 1783)
Grey-headed Lapwing Vanellus cinereus (Blyth, 1842)
Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus (Boddaert, 1783)
Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius (Pallas, 1771)
Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus Pallas, 1776
Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii Lesson, 1826
Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus Linnaeus, 1758
Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius Scopoli, 1786
Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus (Scopoli, 1786)
Bronze-winged Jacana Metopidius indicus (Latham, 1790)
Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus, 1758)
Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus, 1758)
Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield, 1821)
Ruff Calidris pugnax (Linnaeus, 1758)
Broad-billed Sandpiper Calidris falcinellus (Pontoppidan, 1763)
Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea (Pontoppidan, 1763)
Temminck's Stint Calidris temminckii (Leisler, 1812)
Sanderling Calidris alba (Pallas, 1764)
Dunlin Calidris alpina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Little Stint Calidris minuta (Leisler, 1812)
Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus (Brünnich, 1764)
Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola Linnaeus, 1758
Wood Snipe Gallinago nemoricola Hodgson, 1836
Great Snipe Gallinago media (Latham, 1787)
Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pintail Snipe Gallinago stenura (Bonaparte, 1831)
Swinhoe's Snipe Gallinago megala Swinhoe, 1861
Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus (Güldenstädt, 1775)
Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos (Linnaeus, 1758)
Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus Linnaeus, 1758
Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus (Pallas, 1764)
Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus, 1767)
Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis (Bechstein, 1803)
Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola Linnaeus, 1758
Common Redshank Tringa totanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Small Buttonquail Turnix sylvaticus (Desfontaines, 1789)
Yellow-legged Buttonquail Turnix tanki Blyth, 1843
Barred Buttonquail Turnix suscitator (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Crab-plover Dromas ardeola Paykull, 1805
Indian Courser Cursorius coromandelicus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola (Linnaeus, 1766)
Oriental Pratincole
Small Pratincole
South Polar Skua
Pomarine Skua
Arctic Skua
Long-tailed Skua
Slender-billed Gull
Black-headed Gull
Brown-headed Gull
White-eyed Gull
Sooty Gull
Pallas's Gull
Lesser Black-backed Gull
Brown Noddy
Sooty Tern
Bridled Tern
Little Tern
Gull-billed Tern
Caspian Tern
Black Tern
Whiskered Tern
Common Tern
Black-bellied Tern
River Tern
Greater Crested Tern
Sandwich Tern
Lesser Crested Tern
Indian Skimmer
Red-billed Tropicbird
Wilson's Storm-petrel
White-faced Storm-petrel
Swinhoe's Storm-petrel
Jouanin's Petrel
Flesh-footed Shearwater
Persian Shearwater
Asian Openbill
Black Stork
Woolly-necked Stork
White Stork
Lesser Adjutant
Painted Stork
Lesser Frigatebird
Christmas Island Frigatebird
Masked Booby
Brown Booby
Red-footed Booby
Oriental Darter
Little Cormorant
Great Cormorant
Indian Cormorant
Glareola maldivarum J.R. Forster, 1795
Glareola lactea Temminck, 1820
Stercorarius maccormicki H. Saunders, 1893
Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck, 1815)
Stercorarius parasiticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Stercorarius longicaudus Vieillot, 1819
Chroicocephalus genei (Breme, 1839)
Chroicocephalus ridibundus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus (Jerdon, 1840)
Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus (Temminck, 1825)
Ichthyaetus hemprichii (Bruch, 1853)
Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus (Pallas, 1773)
Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758
Anous stolidus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Onychoprion fuscatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Onychoprion anaethetus (Scopoli, 1786)
Sternula albifrons (Pallas, 1764)
Gelochelidon nilotica (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas, 1770)
Chlidonias niger (Linnaeus, 1758)
Chlidonias hybrida (Pallas, 1811)
Sterna hirundo Linnaeus, 1758
Sterna acuticauda J.E. Gray, 1831
Sterna aurantia J.E. Gray, 1831
Thalasseus bergii (M.H.C. Lichtenstein, 1823)
Thalasseus sandvicensis (Latham, 1787)
Thalasseus bengalensis (Lesson, 1831)
Rynchops albicollis Swainson, 1838
Phaethon aethereus Linnaeus, 1758
Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl, 1820)
Pelagodroma marina (Latham, 1790)
Oceanodroma monorhis (Swinhoe, 1867)
Bulweria fallax Jouanin, 1955
Ardenna carneipes (Gould, 1844)
Puffinus persicus Hume, 1872
Anastomus oscitans (Boddaert, 1783)
Ciconia nigra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ciconia episcopus (Boddaert, 1783)
Ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Leptoptilos javanicus (Horsfield, 1821)
Mycteria leucocephala (Pennant, 1769)
Fregata ariel (G.R. Gray, 1845)
Fregata andrewsi Mathews, 1914
Sula dactylatra Lesson, 1831
Sula leucogaster (Boddaert, 1783)
Sula sula (Linnaeus, 1766)
Anhinga melanogaster Pennant, 1769
Microcarbo niger (Vieillot, 1817)
Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758)
Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Stephens, 1826
Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus Linnaeus, 1758
Spot-billed Pelican Pelecanus philippensis J.F. Gmelin, 1789
Great Bittern Botaurus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Black Bittern Ixobrychus flavicollis (Latham, 1790)
Grey Heron Ardea cinerea Linnaeus, 1758
Purple Heron Ardea purpurea Linnaeus, 1766
Great Egret Ardea alba Linnaeus, 1758
Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia Wagler, 1829
Little Egret Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766)
Western Reef Egret Egretta gularis (Bosc, 1792)
Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii (Sykes, 1832)
Striated Heron Butorides striata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus, 1758)
Malayan Night Heron Gorsachius melanolophus (Raffles, 1822)
Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus (Latham, 1790)
Red-naped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa (Temminck, 1824)
Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia Linnaeus, 1758
Osprey Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus (Desfontaines, 1789)
Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Oriental Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus (Temminck, 1821)
Jerdon's Baza Aviceda jerdoni (Blyth, 1842)
Black Baza Aviceda leuphotes (Dumont, 1820)
Red-headed Vulture Sarcogyps calvus (Scopoli, 1786)
Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus (Linnaeus, 1766)
White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)
Indian Vulture Gyps indicus (Scopoli, 1786)
Himalayan Vulture Gyps himalayensis Hume, 1869
Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus (Hablizl, 1783)
Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela (Latham, 1790)
Short-toed Snake Eagle Circaetus gallicus (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)
Changeable Hawk Eagle Nisaetus cirrhatus (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)
Legge's Hawk Eagle Nisaetus kelaarti (Legge, 1878)
Rufous-bellied Eagle Lophotriorchis kienerii (de Sparre, 1835)
Black Eagle Ictinaetus malaiensis (Temminck, 1822)
Indian Spotted Eagle Clanga hastata (Lesson, 1831)
Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga (Pallas, 1811)
Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)
Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax (Temminck, 1828)
Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis Hodgson, 1833
Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca Savigny, 1809
Bonelli's Eagle Aquila fasciata Vieillot, 1822
White-eyed Buzzard Butastur teesa (Franklin, 1831)
Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus (S.G. Gmelin, 1770)
Pied Harrier Circus melanoleucos (Pennant, 1769)
Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Crested Goshawk Accipiter trivirgatus (Temminck, 1824)
Shikra Accipiter badius (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)
Besra Accipiter virgatus (Temminck, 1822)
Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Black Kite Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783)
Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus (Boddaert, 1783)
White-bellied Sea Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)
Lesser Fish Eagle Haliaeetus humilis (S. Müller & Schlegel, 1841)
Grey-headed Fish Eagle Haliaeetus ichthyaetus (Horsfield, 1821)
Common Buzzard Buteo buteo (Linnaeus, 1758)
Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829)
Eastern Grass Owl Tyto longimembris (Jerdon, 1839)
Common Barn Owl Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769)
Sri Lanka Bay Owl Phodilus assimilis Hume, 1877
Indian Scops Owl Otus bakkamoena Pennant, 1769
Pallid Scops Owl Otus brucei (Hume, 1872)
Oriental Scops Owl Otus sunia (Hodgson, 1836)
Indian Eagle Owl Bubo bengalensis (Franklin, 1831)
Spot-bellied Eagle Owl Bubo nipalensis Hodgson, 1836
Brown Fish Owl Ketupa zeylonensis (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)
Jungle Owlet Glaucidium radiatum (Tickell, 1833)
Spotted Owlet Athene brama (Temminck, 1821)
Mottled Wood Owl Strix ocellata (Lesson, 1839)
Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica Temminck, 1832
Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan, 1763)
Brown Hawk Owl Ninox scutulata (Raffles, 1822)
Malabar Trogon Harpactes fasciatus (Pennant, 1769)
Common Hoopoe Upupa epops Linnaeus, 1758
Great Hornbill Buceros bicornis Linnaeus, 1758
Indian Grey Hornbill Ocyceros birostris (Scopoli, 1786)
Malabar Grey Hornbill Ocyceros griseus (Latham, 1790)
Malabar Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros coronatus (Boddaert, 1783)
Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Blue-eared Kingfisher Alcedo meninting Horsfield, 1821
Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher Ceyx erithaca (Linnaeus, 1758)
Stork-billed Kingfisher Pelargopsis capensis (Linnaeus, 1766)
White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Black-capped Kingfisher Halcyon pileata (Boddaert, 1783)
Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Blue-bearded Bee-eater Nyctyornis athertoni (Jardine & Selby, 1828)
Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis Latham, 1801
Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus Pallas, 1773
Blue-tailed Bee-eater Merops philippinus Linnaeus, 1767
European Bee-eater Merops apiaster Linnaeus, 1758
Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti Vieillot, 1817
European Roller Coracias garrulus Linnaeus, 1758
Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Dollarbird
Malabar Barbet
Coppersmith Barbet
Brown-headed Barbet
White-cheeked Barbet
Eurasian Wryneck
Speckled Piculet
Heart-spotted Woodpecker
Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker
Yellow-crowned Woodpecker
Greater Flameback
White-naped Woodpecker
Rufous Woodpecker
Common Flameback
Black-rumped Flameback
Lesser Yellownape
Streak-throated Woodpecker
White-bellied Woodpecker
Lesser Kestrel
Common Kestrel
Red-necked Falcon
Amur Falcon
Eurasian Hobby
Laggar Falcon
Peregrine Falcon
Alexandrine Parakeet
Rose-ringed Parakeet
Plum-headed Parakeet
Malabar Parakeet
Vernal Hanging Parrot
Indian Pitta
White-bellied Minivet
Small Minivet
Scarlet Minivet
Ashy Minivet
Swinhoe's Minivet
Rosy Minivet
Large Cuckooshrike
Black-winged Cuckooshrike
Black-headed Cuckooshrike
Indian Golden Oriole
Black-naped Oriole
Black-hooded Oriole
Ashy Woodswallow
Malabar Woodshrike
Common Woodshrike
Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike
Common Iora
Marshall's Iora
Spot-breasted Fantail
Eurystomus orientalis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Psilopogon malabaricus (Blyth, 1847)
Psilopogon haemacephalus (Statius Muller, 1776)
Psilopogon zeylanicus (J.F. Gmelin, 1788)
Psilopogon viridis (Boddaert, 1783)
Jynx torquilla Linnaeus, 1758
Picumnus innominatus E. Burton, 1836
Hemicircus canente (Lesson, 1832)
Yungipicus nanus (Vigors, 1832)
Leiopicus mahrattensis (Latham, 1801)
Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus (Tickell, 1833)
Chrysocolaptes festivus (Boddaert, 1783)
Micropternus brachyurus (Vieillot, 1818)
Dinopium javanense (Ljungh, 1797)
Dinopium benghalense (Linnaeus, 1758)
Picus chlorolophus Vieillot, 1818
Picus xanthopygaeus (J.E. & G.R. Gray, 1846)
Dryocopus javensis (Horsfield, 1821)
Falco naumanni Fleischer, 1818
Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus, 1758
Falco chicquera Daudin, 1800
Falco amurensis Radde, 1863
Falco subbuteo Linnaeus, 1758
Falco jugger J.E. Gray, 1834
Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771
Psittacula eupatria (Linnaeus, 1766)
Psittacula krameri (Scopoli, 1769)
Psittacula cyanocephala (Linnaeus, 1766)
Psittacula columboides (Vigors, 1830)
Loriculus vernalis (Sparrman, 1787)
Pitta brachyura (Linnaeus, 1766)
Pericrocotus erythropygius (Jerdon, 1840)
Pericrocotus cinnamomeus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Pericrocotus speciosus (Latham, 1790)
Pericrocotus divaricatus (Raffles, 1822)
Pericrocotus cantonensis Swinhoe, 1861
Pericrocotus roseus (Vieillot, 1818)
Coracina macei (R. Lesson, 1831)
Lalage melaschistos (Hodgson, 1836)
Lalage melanoptera (Rüppell, 1839)
Oriolus kundoo Sykes, 1832
Oriolus chinensis Linnaeus, 1766
Oriolus xanthornus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Artamus fuscus Vieillot, 1817
Tephrodornis sylvicola Jerdon, 1839
Tephrodornis pondicerianus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Hemipus picatus (Sykes, 1832)
Aegithina tiphia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Aegithina nigrolutea (G.F.L. Marshall, 1876)
Rhipidura albogularis (Lesson, 1832)
White-browed Fantail
Black Drongo
Ashy Drongo
White-bellied Drongo
Bronzed Drongo
Hair-crested Drongo
Greater Racket-tailed Drongo
Black-naped Monarch
Indian Paradise-flycatcher
Isabelline Shrike
Brown Shrike
Bay-backed Shrike
Long-tailed Shrike
Great Grey Shrike
Rufous Treepie
White-bellied Treepie
House Crow
Large-billed Crow
Grey-headed Canary-flycatcher
Cinereous Tit
White-naped Tit
Indian Black-lored Tit
Rufous-tailed Lark
Ashy-crowned Sparrow Lark
Singing Bushlark
Jerdon's Bushlark
Indian Bushlark
Sykes's Short-toed Lark
Oriental Skylark
Malabar Lark
Sykes's Lark
Common Tailorbird
Rufous-fronted Prinia
Grey-breasted Prinia
Jungle Prinia
Ashy Prinia
Plain Prinia
Zitting Cisticola
Golden-headed Cisticola
Thick-billed Warbler
Booted Warbler
Sykes's Warbler
Paddyfield Warbler
Blyth's Reed Warbler
Clamorous Reed Warbler
Grasshopper Warbler
Broad-tailed Grassbird
Bristled Grassbird
Grey-throated Martin
Sand Martin
Rhipidura aureola Lesson, 1831
Dicrurus macrocercus Vieillot, 1817
Dicrurus leucophaeus Vieillot, 1817
Dicrurus caerulescens (Linnaeus, 1758)
Dicrurus aeneus Vieillot, 1817
Dicrurus hottentottus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Dicrurus paradiseus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Hypothymis azurea (Boddaert, 1783)
Terpsiphone paradisi (Linnaeus, 1758)
Lanius isabellinus Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833
Lanius cristatus Linnaeus, 1758
Lanius vittatus Valenciennes, 1826
Lanius schach Linnaeus, 1758
Lanius excubitor Linnaeus, 1758
Dendrocitta vagabunda (Latham, 1790)
Dendrocitta leucogastra Gould, 1833
Corvus splendens Vieillot, 1817
Corvus macrorhynchos Wagler, 1827
Culicicapa ceylonensis (Swainson, 1820)
Parus cinereus Vieillot, 1818
Machlolophus nuchalis (Jerdon, 1845)
Machlolophus aplonotus (Blyth, 1847)
Ammomanes phoenicura (Franklin, 1831)
Eremopterix griseus (Scopoli, 1786)
Mirafra cantillans Blyth, 1845
Mirafra affinis Blyth, 1845
Mirafra erythroptera Blyth, 1845
Calandrella dukhunensis (Sykes, 1832)
Alauda gulgula Franklin, 1831
Galerida malabarica (Scopoli, 1786)
Galerida deva (Sykes, 1832)
Orthotomus sutorius (Pennant, 1769)
Prinia buchanani Blyth, 1844
Prinia hodgsonii Blyth, 1844
Prinia sylvatica Jerdon, 1840
Prinia socialis Sykes, 1832
Prinia inornata Sykes, 1832
Cisticola juncidis (Rafinesque, 1810)
Cisticola exilis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827)
Arundinax aedon (Pallas, 1776)
Iduna caligata (M.H.C. Lichtenstein, 1823)
Iduna rama (Sykes, 1832)
Acrocephalus agricola (Jerdon, 1845)
Acrocephalus dumetorum Blyth, 1849
Acrocephalus stentoreus (Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833)
Locustella naevia (Boddaert, 1783)
Schoenicola platyurus (Jerdon, 1841)
Schoenicola striatus (Jerdon, 1841)
Riparia chinensis (J.E. Gray, 1830)
Riparia riparia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris (Scopoli, 1769)
Dusky Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne concolor (Sykes, 1832)
Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758
Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii Leach, 1818
Hill Swallow Hirundo domicola Jerdon, 1841
Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis daurica (Laxmann, 1769)
Streak-throated Swallow Petrochelidon fluvicola (Blyth, 1855)
Northern House Martin Delichon urbicum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Grey-headed Bulbul Brachypodius priocephalus (Jerdon, 1839)
Flame-throated Bulbul Rubigula gularis (Gould, 1836)
Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer (Linnaeus, 1766)
Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Yellow-throated Bulbul Pycnonotus xantholaemus (Jerdon, 1845)
White-browed Bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus (Lesson, 1841)
Yellow-browed Bulbul Acritillas indica (Jerdon, 1839)
Square-tailed Bulbul Hypsipetes ganeesa Sykes, 1832
Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus (Blyth, 1842)
Hume's Warbler Phylloscopus humei (W.E. Brooks, 1878)
Tytler's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus tytleri W.E. Brooks, 1871
Sulphur-bellied Warbler Phylloscopus griseolus Blyth, 1847
Tickell's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus affinis (Tickell, 1833)
Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita (Vieillot, 1817)
Green Warbler Phylloscopus nitidus Blyth, 1843
Greenish Warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides (Sundevall, 1837)
Large-billed Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus magnirostris Blyth, 1843
Western Crowned Warbler Phylloscopus occipitalis (Blyth, 1845)
Lesser Whitethroat Curruca curruca (Linnaeus, 1758)
Eastern Orphean Warbler Curruca crassirostris (Cretzschmar, 1830)
Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Indian White-eye Zosterops palpebrosus (Temminck, 1824)
Pin-striped Tit Babbler Mixornis gularis (Horsfield, 1822)
Tawny-bellied Babbler Dumetia hyperythra (Franklin, 1831)
Dark-fronted Babbler Dumetia atriceps (Jerdon, 1839)
Indian Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus horsfieldii Sykes, 1832
Puff-throated Babbler Pellorneum ruficeps Swainson, 1832
Brown-cheeked Fulvetta Alcippe poioicephala (Jerdon, 1841)
Jungle Babbler Argya striata (Dumont, 1823)
Yellow-billed Babbler Argya affinis (Jerdon, 1845)
Common Babbler Argya caudata (Dumont, 1823)
Large Grey Babbler Argya malcolmi (Sykes, 1832)
Rufous Babbler Argya subrufa (Jerdon, 1839)
Wayanad Laughingthrush Pterorhinus delesserti (Jerdon, 1839)
Banasura Laughingthrush Montecincla jerdoni (Blyth, 1851)
Indian Nuthatch Sitta castanea Lesson, 1830
Velvet-fronted Nuthatch Sitta frontalis Swainson, 1820
Southern Hill Myna Gracula indica (Cuvier, 1829)
Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758
Rosy Starling Pastor roseus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Asian Pied Starling Gracupica contra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Brahminy Starling Sturnia pagodarum (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Chestnut-tailed Starling
Malabar Starling
Common Myna
Jungle Myna
Nilgiri Thrush
Pied Thrush
Orange-headed Thrush
Indian Blackbird
Tickell's Thrush
Eyebrowed Thrush
Dark-sided Flycatcher
Asian Brown Flycatcher
Brown-breasted Flycatcher
Spotted Flycatcher
Indian Robin
Oriental Magpie Robin
White-rumped Shama
Nilgiri Sholakili
White-bellied Blue Flycatcher
Blue-throated Flycatcher
Tickell's Blue Flycatcher
Blue-and-white Flycatcher
Nilgiri Flycatcher
Verditer Flycatcher
Indian Blue Robin
Bluethroat
Malabar Whistling Thrush
Siberian Rubythroat
Yellow-rumped Flycatcher
Black-and-orange Flycatcher
Ultramarine Flycatcher
Rusty-tailed Flycatcher
Taiga Flycatcher
Kashmir Flycatcher
Red-breasted Flycatcher
Black Redstart
Blue-capped Rock Thrush
Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush
Blue Rock Thrush
Siberian Stonechat
Pied Bushchat
Northern Wheatear
Isabelline Wheatear
Desert Wheatear
Pied Wheatear
Brown Rock Chat
Thick-billed Flowerpecker
Pale-billed Flowerpecker
Nilgiri Flowerpecker
Purple-rumped Sunbird
Sturnia malabarica (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Sturnia blythii (Jerdon, 1845)
Acridotheres tristis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Acridotheres fuscus (Wagler, 1827)
Zoothera neilgherriensis (Blyth, 1847)
Geokichla wardii (Blyth, 1843)
Geokichla citrina (Latham, 1790)
Turdus simillimus Jerdon, 1839
Turdus unicolor Tickell, 1833
Turdus obscurus J.F. Gmelin, 1789
Muscicapa sibirica J.F. Gmelin, 1789
Muscicapa dauurica Pallas, 1811
Muscicapa muttui (E.L. Layard, 1854)
Muscicapa striata (Pallas, 1764)
Copsychus fulicatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Copsychus saularis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Copsychus malabaricus (Scopoli, 1786)
Sholicola major (Jerdon, 1841)
Cyornis pallidipes (Jerdon, 1840)
Cyornis rubeculoides (Vigors, 1831)
Cyornis tickelliae Blyth, 1843
Cyanoptila cyanomelana (Temminck, 1829)
Eumyias albicaudatus (Jerdon, 1840)
Eumyias thalassinus (Swainson, 1838)
Larvivora brunnea Hodgson, 1837
Luscinia svecica (Linnaeus, 1758)
Myophonus horsfieldii Vigors, 1831
Calliope calliope (Pallas, 1776)
Ficedula zanthopygia (A. Hay, 1845)
Ficedula nigrorufa (Jerdon, 1839)
Ficedula superciliaris (Jerdon, 1840)
Ficedula ruficauda (Swainson, 1838)
Ficedula albicilla (Pallas, 1811)
Ficedula subrubra (E. Hartert & F. Steinbacher, 1934)
Ficedula parva (Bechstein, 1792)
Phoenicurus ochruros (S.G. Gmelin, 1774)
Monticola cinclorhyncha (Vigors, 1831)
Monticola saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Monticola solitarius (Linnaeus, 1758)
Saxicola maurus (Pallas, 1773)
Saxicola caprata (Linnaeus, 1766)
Oenanthe oenanthe (Linnaeus, 1758)
Oenanthe isabellina (Temminck, 1829)
Oenanthe deserti (Temminck, 1825)
Oenanthe pleschanka (Lepechin, 1770)
Oenanthe fusca (Blyth, 1851)
Dicaeum agile (Tickell, 1833)
Dicaeum erythrorhynchos (Latham, 1790)
Dicaeum concolor Jerdon, 1840
Leptocoma zeylonica (Linnaeus, 1766)
Crimson-backed Sunbird Leptocoma minima (Sykes, 1832)
Purple Sunbird Cinnyris asiaticus (Latham, 1790)
Loten's Sunbird Cinnyris lotenius (Linnaeus, 1766)
Vigors's Sunbird Aethopyga vigorsii (Sykes, 1832)
Little Spiderhunter Arachnothera longirostra (Latham, 1790)
Asian Fairy-bluebird Irena puella (Latham, 1790)
Jerdon's Leafbird Chloropsis jerdoni (Blyth, 1844)
Golden-fronted Leafbird Chloropsis aurifrons (Temminck, 1829)
Streaked Weaver Ploceus manyar (Horsfield, 1821)
Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Black-breasted Weaver Ploceus benghalensis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Red Munia Amandava amandava (Linnaeus, 1758)
Indian Silverbill Euodice malabarica (Linnaeus, 1758)
White-rumped Munia Lonchura striata (Linnaeus, 1766)
Black-throated Munia Lonchura kelaarti (Jerdon, 1863)
Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Tricoloured Munia Lonchura malacca (Linnaeus, 1766)
House Sparrow Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Yellow-throated Sparrow Gymnoris xanthocollis (E. Burton, 1838)
Pale Rockfinch Carpospiza brachydactyla (Bonaparte, 1850)
Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea Tunstall, 1771
Western Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava Linnaeus, 1758
Eastern Yellow Wagtail Motacilla tschutschensis J.F. Gmelin, 1789
Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola Pallas, 1776
White-browed Wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis J.F. Gmelin, 1789
White Wagtail Motacilla alba Linnaeus, 1758
Richard's Pipit Anthus richardi Vieillot, 1818
Paddyfield Pipit Anthus rufulus Vieillot, 1818
Long-billed Pipit Anthus similis (Jerdon, 1840)
Blyth's Pipit Anthus godlewskii (Taczanowski, 1876)
Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni Richmond, 1907
Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus (Pallas, 1811)
Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus (Pallas, 1770)
Crested Bunting Emberiza lathami J.E. Gray, 1831
Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala Scopoli, 1769
Red-headed Bunting Emberiza bruniceps von Brandt, 1841
Chestnut-eared Bunting Emberiza fucata Pallas, 1776
Grey-necked Bunting Emberiza buchanani Blyth, 1845
Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana Linnaeus, 1758
Striolated Bunting Emberiza striolata (M.H.C. Lichtenstein, 1823)
Little Bunting Emberiza pusilla Pallas, 1776
Alternative Name(s)
Large Whistling Teal
Lesser Whistling Teal, Tree Duck

Comb Duck, African Comb Duck

Brahminy Duck

Cotton Teal

Spotbill Duck (incl. A. zonorhyncha)

Green-winged Teal, Eurasian Teal

White-eyed Pochard
Tufted Pochard
Blue Peafowl, Common Peafowl

King Quail, Asian Blue Quail

Grey Quail
Black-breasted Quail

Painted Partridge
Grey Partridge

Dabchick
Rock Dove, Blue Rock Pigeon
Nilgiri Pigeon
Rufous Turtle Dove
Indian Ring Dove
Red Turtle Dove
Western Spotted Dove S. [c.] suratensis & ceylonensis
Little Brown Dove, Senegal Dove
Common Emerald Dove, Grey-capped Emerald Dove; [Emerald Dove]

Yellow-legged Green Pigeon

Maroon-backed Imperial Pigeon D. b. cuprea & D. b. insignis, Nilgiri Imperial Pigeon D. [b.] cuprea
Common Indian Sandgrouse, Indian Sandgrouse

Indian Bustard
Leekh, Likh
Crow-pheasant

Sirkeer Cuckoo
Small Green-billed Malkoha
Red-winged Crested Cuckoo
Pied Crested Cuckoo, Jacobin Cuckoo
Common Koel
Bay-banded Cuckoo
Indian Plaintive Cuckoo

Brainfever Bird
Small Cuckoo

Eurasian Cuckoo

Common Indian Nightjar, Indian Little Nightjar

Franklin's Nightjar, Allied Nightjar
White-rumped Needletail, White-rumped Spinetail Swift
Brown-throated Needletail, Large Brown-throated Spinetail Swift
Indian Edible-nest Swiftlet

Swift

Little Swift, House Swift (incl. A. nipalensis)

Blue-breasted Banded Rail

Eurasian Moorhen, Indian Moorhen

Common Coot
Purple Moorhen, Purple Swamphen
Kora

Slaty-legged Banded Crake

Ruddy Crake

Indian Stone-curlew
Great Stone-curlew, Great Stone Plover
Avocet
Oystercatcher
Black-bellied Plover
Eastern Golden Plover

Sociable Plover
Mongolian Plover
Large Sand Plover

Curlew

Turnstone
Eastern Knot

Fantail Snipe

Dusky Redshank
Greenshank

Spotted Sandpiper

Common Buttonquail, Little Bustard-quail

Yellow-legged Bustard-quail
Common Bustard-quail

Collared Swallow-plover, Swallow-plover

Large Indian Swallow-plover, Large Indian Pratincole
Little Pratincole, Small Indian Pratincole, Small Indian Swallow-plover

Pomarine Jaeger
Parasitic Jaeger
Long-tailed Jaeger

Common Black-headed Gull

Great Black-headed Gull

[Heuglin's Gull, Steppe Gull]
Noddy Tern

Brown-winged Tern
White-shafted Ternlet S. a. pusilla

Large Crested Tern

Short-tailed Tropicbird

Fork-tailed Storm-petrel
Jouanin's Gadfly Petrel
Pink-footed Shearwater (incl. A. creatopus)

Openbill Stork, Open-billed Stork

White-necked Stork, [Asian Woollyneck]

European White Stork

Least Frigatebird
Christmas Frigatebird

Snake-bird

Large Cormorant
Indian Shag
Rosy Pelican
Grey Pelican
Eurasian Bittern

Chestnut Bittern

Large Egret
Median Egret, Smaller Egret

Western Reef Heron, Indian Reef Heron

Eastern Cattle Egret B. [i.] coromandus
Paddybird
Little Green Heron

Malay Bittern, Tiger Bittern

White Ibis, Oriental White Ibis

Indian Black Ibis
Spoonbill
[Western Osprey]
Black-shouldered Kite
Scavenger Vulture, White Scavenger Vulture
Crested Honey Buzzard
Brown Lizard Hawk
Black-crested Baza, Black-crested Lizard Hawk
King Vulture, Black Vulture, Pondicherry Vulture
Black Vulture
White-backed Vulture
Long-billed Vulture (incl. G. tenuirostris)
Himalayan Griffon
Eurasian Griffon
[Central Nicobar Serpent Eagle]
Short-toed Eagle
[Crested Hawk Eagle]

Rufous-bellied Hawk Eagle

Lesser Spotted Eagle (with C. pomarina)

Booted Hawk Eagle

Bonelli's Hawk Eagle

White-eyed Buzzard Eagle
Eurasian Marsh Harrier (incl. C. spilonotus)
Northern Harrier (incl. C. hudsonius EL)
Pale Harrier

Pariah Kite, Black-eared Kite M. [m.] lineatus

Himalayan Grey-headed Fishing Eagle

Grey-headed Fishing Eagle
Eurasian Buzzard, Steppe Buzzard/Desert Buzzard B. [b.] vulpinus

Australasian Grass Owl

Barn Owl, Western Barn Owl

Striated Scops Owl

Scops Owl
Rock Eagle Owl
Forest Eagle Owl

Barred Jungle Owlet

Brown Boobook

Eurasian Hoopoe
Great Pied Hornbill, Great Indian Hornbill
Common Grey Hornbill

Small Blue Kingfisher

Three-toed Kingfisher; Black-backed Dwarf Kingfisher C. e. erithaca & macrocarus

Brown-headed Stork-billed Kingfisher
White-breasted Kingfisher

Lesser Pied Kingfisher

Small Green Bee-eater, Little Green Bee-eater

Kashmir Roller
Broad-billed Roller
Crimson-throated Barbet (with P. rubricapillus)
Crimson-breasted Barbet
Large Green Barbet
Small Green Barbet
Wryneck, Northern Wryneck

Indian Pygmy Woodpecker

Yellow-fronted Pied Woodpecker, Mahratta Woodpecker, Yellow-fronted Woodpecker
Greater Golden-backed Woodpecker, Large Golden-backed Woodpecker; Malabar Flameback C. [g.] socialis
Black-backed Woodpecker

Common Golden-backed Woodpecker, Indian Golden-backed Three-toed Woodpecker

Lesser Golden-backed Woodpecker
Lesser Yellow-naped Woodpecker, Small Yellow-naped Woodpecker
Little Scaly-bellied Green Woodpecker
Great Black Woodpecker

Eurasian Kestrel
Red-headed Falcon, Red-headed Merlin

Shaheen Falcon F. p. peregrinator; [Barbary Falcon]

Large Indian Parakeet

Blossom-headed Parakeet
Blue-winged Parakeet
Indian Lorikeet

Brown-rumped Minivet

[Javan Cuckooshrike]; Indian Cuckooshrike C. m. macei & layardi

Dark Grey Cuckooshrike

Black-headed Oriole
Ashy Swallow-shrike

Pied Flycatcher-shrike

White-tailed Iora
White-spotted Fantail
White-browed Fantail-flycatcher

Grey Drongo

Spangled Drongo

Black-naped Monarch Flycatcher, Black-naped Flycatcher

Asian Paradise-flycatcher (incl. T. affinis)
Pale Brown Shrike, Rufous-tailed Shrike (incl. L. phoenicuroides)
Philippine Shrike L. c. lucionensis

Rufous-backed Shrike
[Southern Grey Shrike]
Indian Treepie
Southern Treepie

[Jungle Crow, Indian Jungle Crow]

Grey-headed Flycatcher
Grey Tit/Great Tit (with P. major)
White-winged Black Tit
Indian Tit, Indian Yellow Tit
Rufous-tailed Finch Lark
Ashy-crowned Finch Lark

Red-winged Bushlark
Eastern Short-toed Lark, Mongolian Short-toed Lark
Small Skylark
Malabar Crested Lark
Tawny Lark, Deccan Crested Lark, Sykes's Crested Lark

Rufous-fronted Wren Warbler

Franklin's Wren Warbler, Ashy-grey Wren Warbler
Jungle Wren Warbler
Ashy Wren Warbler
Plain Wren Warbler
Streaked Fantail Warbler
Fantail Warbler; Bright-capped Cisticola

Siberian Booted Tree Warbler

Indian Booted Tree Warbler

Indian Reed Warbler / Indian Great Reed Warbler A. [s.] brunnescens

Broad-tailed Grass Warbler

Bristled Grass Warbler
Grey-throated Sand Martin, Asian Plain Martin
Collared Sand Martin (incl. R. diluta), Bank Swallow, Common Sand Martin
Crag Martin

Common Swallow

Striated Swallow
Indian Cliff Swallow
Common House Martin, European House Martin

Ruby-throated Bulbul

Square-tailed Black Bulbul

Yellow-browed Leaf Warbler
Hume's Leaf Warbler

Olivaceous Leaf warbler

Siberian Chiffchaff P. [c.] tristis

Bright-green Leaf Warbler, Green Leaf Warbler
Greenish Leaf Warbler

Large Crowned Leaf Warbler, Western Crowned Leaf Warbler

Hume’s Whitethroat S. [c.] althaea
[Orphean Warbler]

[Oriental White-eye]
Yellow-breasted Babbler, [Striped Tit Babbler]
Rufous-bellied Babbler D. h. hyperythra, White-throated Babbler D. h. albogularis & abuensis
Black-headed Babbler

Spotted Babbler
Quaker Tit Babbler, Quaker Babbler

White-headed Babbler
Scrub Babbler

Indian Rufous Babbler

Wynaad Laughingthrush
Grey-breasted Laughingthrush (incl. M. fairbanki & M. meridionale); Coorg White-breasted Laughingthrush, Banasura Chilappa

Lesser Hill Myna

European Starling
Rosy Pastor
Pied Myna
Black-headed Myna, Brahminy Myna
Grey-headed Myna
Malabar White-headed Starling, Blyth's Myna
Indian Myna

Pied Ground Thrush

Orange-headed Ground Thrush, White-throated Ground Thrush G. c. cyanota
[Blackbird, Common Blackbird]

Dark Thrush
Sooty Flycatcher

Indian Black Robin

Magpie Robin
Shama
Nilgiri Shortwing, Rufous-bellied Shortwing, Nilgiri Blue Robin

Blue-throated Blue Flycatcher

Tickell's Red-breasted Blue Flycatcher

Nilgiri Verditer Flycatcher

Indian Blue Chat

Rubythroat
Korean Flycatcher
Black-and-rufous Flycatcher
White-browed Blue Flycatcher F. s. superciliaris, Little Blue-and-white Flycatcher F. s. aestigma
Rufous-tailed Flycatcher
Red-throated Flycatcher
Kashmir Red-breasted Flycatcher

Blue-headed Rock Thrush

Common Rock Thrush, Rock Thrush
[Asian Rock Thrush]
Eastern Stonechat; Collared Bushchat, Common Stonechat (with S. torquatus)

Wheatear
Isabelline Chat

Pleschanka's Chat
Indian Chat

Tickell's Flowerpecker
Small Sunbird

Long-billed Sunbird, Maroon-breasted Sunbird

Vigors's Yellow-backed Sunbird

Jerdon's Chloropsis
Gold-fronted Chloropsis, Golden-fronted Chloropsis
Streaked Weaver Bird
Baya, Indian Baya
Bengal Weaver, Black-throated Weaver, Black-throated Weaver Bird
Red Avadavat
White-throated Munia
White-backed Munia
Rufous-bellied Munia
Spotted Munia
Black-headed Munia (incl. L. atricapilla)

Chestnut-shouldered Petronia
Pale Rock Sparrow

Yellow Wagtail (incl. M. tschutschensis)

Yellow-headed Wagtail
Large Pied Wagtail
Pied Wagtail

Brown Rock Pipit

Eurasian Tree Pipit

Indian Tree Pipit

Grey-headed Bunting
Grey-hooded Bunting

House Bunting
IUCN Category WPA Schedule CITES Appendix CMS Appendix Endemic (India)
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Vulnerable Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Vulnerable Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Critically Endangered Schedule-I Appendix I
Endangered Schedule-I Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-I
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-I
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Not Evaluated Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Near Threatened Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Critically Endangered Schedule-IV Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Endangered Schedule-IV Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Vulnerable Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Endangered Schedule-IV
Vulnerable Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Endangered Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Near Threatened Schedule-IV
Near Threatened Schedule-IV
Near Threatened Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II
Vulnerable Schedule-IV
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Critically Endangered Schedule-IV Appendix I Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Near Threatened Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Near Threatened Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Endangered Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Critically Endangered Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix I
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix I
Critically Endangered Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix I
Critically Endangered Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix I
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Not Evaluated Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Vulnerable Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Vulnerable Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Vulnerable Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Endangered Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix I
Vulnerable Schedule-I Appendix I Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Vulnerable Schedule-I Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Vulnerable Schedule-IV X
Near Threatened Schedule-I Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix I
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-I Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-I Appendix I Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-I Appendix I Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Not Evaluated Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-V
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Vulnerable Schedule-IV X
Not Evaluated Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Vulnerable Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Vulnerable Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Not Evaluated Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Near Threatened Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Vulnerable Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Near Threatened Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Endangered Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-I
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Not Evaluated Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Not Evaluated Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Endangered Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II X
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Vulnerable Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV X
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV Appendix II
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Least Concern Schedule-IV
Endemic (Southern Deccan Plateau) Endemic (Western Ghats)

X
X
X

X
X

X
 X
X

X
X
X
X

X
X

X
X

X
No Version

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Reference
Abhinav, C., Prince, M., Bowden, C. G. R., Dhadwal, D. S., Dogra, P., & Pathak, J. 2020. Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe
including the first confirmed breeding in the Indian Subcontinent. Indian BIRDS. 15: (6) 161–167
Kondapur, N. 2020. Website URL: https://ebird.org/checklist/S51966856 Accessed on 7 September 2020
Nayak, V. 2020. Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana from Dakshin Kannada district, Karnataka. Malabar Trogon. 19: (1, 2 & 3)
Prabhu, M. N. 2020. Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka from Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka. Malabar Trogon. 18: (1
Viswanathan, A. 2020. Website URL: https://ebird.org/india/checklist/S80512355 Accessed on 2 May 2021
Prince, M. 2021. Website URL: https://ebird.org/checklist/S85376063 Accessed on 2 May 2021
Vishwanath, V. & Shailesh, S. 2021. A Striolated Bunting Emberiza striolata from Raichur, Karnataka. Indian BIRDS. 17: (1) 31
Rath, M. & Nischitha, M.R. 2021. Yellow-rumped Flycatcher Ficedula zanthopygia from Jaipurdoddi, Bengaluru, Karnataka. Ind