Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)

Alos National High School 1st Semester

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT 2023 – 2024
Alaminos City

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND: NALAGAS

Paris et al 11S | 1

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND: NALAGAS

A Research Proposal

Presented to Dr Benjamin B Rabago Jr,

Learning Facilitator

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)

1st Semester, SY 2023 – 2024

11 – Silver

JENNY ROSE M. MENDEZ

(Research Team Leader)

PRINCESS JANE V. PERALTA AUBREY KYLA V. COMPAÑERO

JAMAICA B. ESPIRITU JOLINA CANTA

 Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)
Alos National High School 1st Semester
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT 2023 – 2024
Alaminos City

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND: NALAGAS

Paris et al 11S | 2

September 2023

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter includes a review of related literature and studies which

researchers have consulted to provide insights and knowledge in the field of study.

Literature Review

The K to 12 curriculums in the Philippines covers Kindergarten and 12 years

of basic education. The program aims to provide enough opportunity for mastery of

concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary

education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship.

Education, often regarded as the cornerstone of personal development and

societal progress, equips individuals with the skills and knowledge necessary for a

productive and fulfilling life. The importance of education cannot be overstated,

especially in the context of the Philippines, which historically has faced unique

challenges in its educational landscape. The Philippines, situated as the last country

in Asia with a ten-year pre-university education system, embarked on a

transformative journey by implementing the K-12 Basic Education Program. The

program represented a significant shift in the nation's educational framework,

aligning it with international standards and the changing demands of the global

workforce.
 Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)
Alos National High School 1st Semester
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT 2023 – 2024
Alaminos City

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND: NALAGAS

Paris et al 11S | 3

The primary aim of the K-12 Basic Education Program was to create a more

functional and robust education system that would produce graduates capable of

becoming productive and responsible citizens, armed with essential knowledge and

employability skills. However, the transition to the K-12 program was not without

its challenges. The profound changes in the basic education cycle prompted a series

of stakeholder consultations, policy discussions, and educational summits aimed at

gathering input and feedback on educational reform.

One pertinent concern was the lack of adequate training and resources for

educators in the context of the K+12 curriculum. The research indicated that many

teachers lacked access to essential seminars, training, and specialized readings,

particularly related to their specific areas of specialization. This deficiency in

professional development hindered their ability to design lessons and activities in

line with the newly implemented curriculum, potentially impacting the overall

success of the program.

Local Literature

According to Informatic GAS does not specialize in any strand, you are free

to choose any college degree program under the three other strands based on the

elective you will choose. Moreover, a possible course to pursue from this strand is

Education. But if the student is not sure what they want to take the General

Academic Strand (GAS) are the best strand to take. Unlike other K to 12 tracks and
 Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)
Alos National High School 1st Semester
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT 2023 – 2024
Alaminos City

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND: NALAGAS

Paris et al 11S | 4

strands that are specific to a career, GAS gives you the chance to weigh your

options (Informatic, 2018).

According to Studocu Since its approval in 2013, the K-12 system has

created changes in the way high school students are trained not only for

educational advancement but for possible employment as well. The K-12 program

basically added two more academic schoolyears to the then-existing 10-

year pre-university format of secondary education institutions. With goal of

achieving educational equity, the K-12 program aims to equip students with the

much-needed skills to gain employment even without a college degree.

There are mainly four possible tracks to choose from; namely: Academic, Sports,

Arts and Design, and Technical-Vocational-Livelihood tracks. Four different

strands fall under the Academic track: Accounting, Business, and Management

(ABM)strand, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) strand,

Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) strand, and the General Academics

strand. Some students don't like GAS Strand because it doesn't focus in one

subject. That was the one disadvantage of Gas strand, but you will

not understand it if you don't know the whole thing of it. That there are a lot of

advantages of General Academic Strand. And it's perfect for those students that

can't verify their course yet. (StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht, 2023).

Foreign Literature
 Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)
Alos National High School 1st Semester
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT 2023 – 2024
Alaminos City

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND: NALAGAS

Paris et al 11S | 5

According to ResearchGate An incorrect career choice directs all individual

efforts and resources into a wrong direction, when not aligned with the

expectations; would not only be frustrating rather draining of the individual energy

and wastage of resources. It also clarifies career as the application of a person’s

cognition and capabilities, providing command over profession, timely work

expertise and a basis of developing and bettering business networks.

Individuals chose career planning to pursue professional objectives, getting

informed about upcoming opportunities, their results and their timely evaluations

(Ahmed, Sharif and Ahmad, 2017).

In the United States, education is primarily the responsibility of state and

local government. The K-12 system stands for ‘from kindergarten to 12th grade’.

This equates roughly to a school starting age of around five through to Grade 12 at

around the age of 18. The system is broken down into three stages: elementary

school (Grades K–5), middle school (Grades 6–8) and high school (Grades 9–12).

However, with the layering of tests issued by mandates from Congress, the US

Department of Education, and state and local governments, the system is becoming

confusing and unwieldy. Standardized testing in schools has become a controversial

issue, with a recent study from the Council of the Great City Schools suggesting

that students would sit around 112 standardized tests between kindergarten and

12th grade (Relocate Global, 2016).

Local Studies
 Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)
Alos National High School 1st Semester
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT 2023 – 2024
Alaminos City

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND: NALAGAS

Paris et al 11S | 6

Nusantara (2022) conducted a local study to help junior high school students

make informed decisions about choosing the senior high school strand. The

research focused on understanding the factors that influence students’ choices. In

the survey results of the research, 2.3% of students chose general education (GAS)

as their senior high school strand, 15.9% chose Humanities and Social Sciences

(HUMSS), and 73.9% chose Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

(STEM), while 8% chose Accounting, Business, and Management (ABM).

Based on the survey, the GAS strand had remarkably low interest among

junior high school students. Only 2.3% of the surveyed students chose this

academic track. GAS is often considered a less specialized track compared to more

specialized tracks. In contrast to GAS, the HUMSS strand was found to be more

popular, attracting 15.9% of surveyed students. Students may be attracted to

HUMSS considering their interests in subjects such as literature, history,

psychology, sociology, and other subjects involved in this strand. HUMSS may be

regarded as providing a broader education that is advantageous to a variety of

career paths, and students are beginning to recognize its value.

Changing it into the HUMSS strand can lead to one approach to responding to

students’ changing interests. This allows students to make decisions that are in line

with their interests and long-term career goals, resulting in more satisfying and

fulfilling careers.

Legal Bases
 Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)
Alos National High School 1st Semester
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT 2023 – 2024
Alaminos City

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND: NALAGAS

Paris et al 11S | 7

Republic Act No. 10533, also known as the “Enhance Basic Education Act of

2013” which is an act enhancing the philippine basic education system by

strengthening its curriculum and increasing the number of years for basic

education, appropriating funds therefor and for other purposes, it is stated in

Section 2 that “The State shall establish, maintain and support a complete,

adequate, and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people,

the country and society-at-large.”

This means that the statement emphasizes the need for a complete,

adequate, and integrated education system in the Philippines. It includes a

comprehensive educational experience that goes beyond academics, encompassing

emotional, social, and physical development. The government is committed to

meeting quality standards through adequate resources, facilities, and teaching

methodologies. An integrated education system encourages interdisciplinary

thinking and is responsive to societal and economic demands. Transitioning the GAS

strand to the HUMSS strand requires a comprehensive, high-quality,

interconnected, and relevant education system that prepares students for personal

and professional success.

 Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)
Alos National High School 1st Semester
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT 2023 – 2024
Alaminos City

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND: NALAGAS

Paris et al 11S | 8

REFERENCES

Informatic, (2018). General Academic Strand (GAS).

https://informatics.edu.ph/senior-high-school-tracks/general-academic-strand-
gas/.

Nusantra, B. P. (2022). Senior High School Strands: Factores Affecting the

Students’ Preferences.
https://ejournal.bumipublikasinusantara.id/index.php/ajert/article/view/135

StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht, (2023). The Effects of Choosing General Academic

strand on Students who have Undecided Career Choice.
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/nueva-ecija-university-of-science-and-
technology/research-in-daily-life/the-effects-of-choosing-general-academic-strand-
on-students-who-have-undecided-career-choice-chapter-2/43787944.

Ahmed, Sharif and Ahmad, (2017). Factors Influencing Students’ Career Choices:
Empirical Evidence from Business Students.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314655338_Factors_Influencing_Student
s'_Career_Choices_Empirical_Evidence_from_Business_Students

Relocate Global, (2016). K-12 Curriculum and pupil assessment.

https://www.relocatemagazine.com/education-k-12-curriculum-the-us-education-
system