Multimodal

Therapy
Presented by: Kousalya Sivakumaran
M20222002158

01
TABLE OF CONTENTS

A Founder's History

B Introduction

Theory C Fundamental Concepts

Presentation Counseling Process/ Application

D

E
Case Study

Overview F
Techniques

G Cross- Cultural Setting

H Advantages and Disadvantages

02 MULTIMODAL THERAPY
A. ABOUT FOUNDER

Dr. Arnold A. Lazarus

(1932 - 2013)

" WE FIRMLY BELIEVE THAT

THERAPY IS EDUCATION
RATHER THAN HEALING; THAT
IT IS GROWTH RATHER THAN
TREATMENT"

03 MULTIMODAL THERAPY
ABOUT FOUNDER
Born on January 26, 1932, in Johannesburg, South Africa, Lazarus immigrated to
the United States in 1947.

He completed his undergraduate studies (1956) and PHD (1960) in clinical

psychology at the University of the Witwatersrand.

Dr. Arnold A. Lazarus was a clinical psychologist from South Africa, well-known for
his contributions to behavior therapy.

In the 1980s, Lazarus developed and introduced multimodal therapy (MMT) as an

integrative approach.

Professor Emeritus from Rutgers University's Graduate School of Applied and

Professional Psychology.

Served at Stanford University, Temple University, Medical School, and Yale

University as a Professor.

Awards: American Psychological Association's Distinguished Psychologist Award,

Distinguished Professional Contributions Award, Distinguished Service Award.
IMPORTANT TIMELINE
Lazarus develops
Doctorate in clinical
multimodal therapy (MMT)
psychology, University
of Witwatersrand in
Published; "The Practice of
Johannesburg.
Multimodal Therapy" (1981),
"Brief But Comprehensive
1959- The Lazarus
Psychotherapy" (1993).
Institute

1955s - 1980s -
1932 1971 2013
1960s 1990s

1932- Arnold Allan Published Behavior

Lazarus is born in Therapy and
South Africa Beyond book

1947- Imigrates to
United States
 B. INTRODUCTION

Multimodal therapy is a comprehensive and action-oriented psychotherapy

approach.

It integrates behavioral and cognitive aspects, considering all modalities of

human functioning.

It addresses various factors, including problematic behaviors, disliked emotions,

psychosomatic complaints, negative self-image, irrational thoughts, strained
relationships, and biological factors.

Multimodal therapy examines and treats all seven modalities: Behavior, Affect,
Sensation, Imagery, Cognition, Interpersonal relationships, and Drugs/Biology.

It recognizes humans as biological beings who think, feel, act, use senses,
imagine, and interact with others.

The BASIC ID acronym, introduced by Lazarus, encapsulates these modalities

comprehensively.
MMT- PERSONAL & INDIVIDUAL APPROACH MMT- INCLUDES ELEMENTS OF CBT & RET

TECHNIQUES ADAPTED TO CLIENT'S NEED VARIOUS ASPECTS FROM THESE APPROACHES

Problems are often due to

Personality is a combination
of genetic, physical
environment and social
learning history.
Reaction based on perception
and not actual environment.
FUNDAMENTAL
Every individual
is equal
regardless of
social status or
role
inadequate learning or
mistakes in learning.
Counselor- Client
relationship is like a coach
C. and trainee
Focuses on guidance and
CONCEPTS building skills
Applying therapy to
real-life situation is
not automatic, but
through assignments
and tasks

No individual is
Diagnostic labels help therapists
superior identify and describe specific
behavioral patterns.
Each person has
unique strenght Makes easier to track changes in
behavior and monitor progress.
 FUNDAMENTAL
CONCEPTS
Lazarus believed that when a person's belief system is visualized, the client is more likely to
respond positively to their world, especially the aspects that need improvement.

Lazarus identified the modalities in multimodal therapy using the abbreviation BASIC I.D.
 B - Behavior: Examining the client's behavioral patterns and
identifying maladaptive behaviors to address.

A - Affect: Exploring the client's emotions and helping them manage

and express their feelings effectively.

S - Sensation: Focusing on bodily sensations and physical

experiences to address any somatic symptoms or discomfort.

I - Imagery: Exploring the client's mental imagery

C - Cognition: Identifying and challenging cognitive distortions or

negative thought patterns that contribute to the client's difficulties.

I - Interpersonal Relationships: Exploring the client's relationships

with others and addressing any issues related to communication,
boundaries, or conflict resolution.

D - Drugs/Biology: Considering any biological or physiological factors

that may be influencing the client's psychological well-being, such as
medication or physical health conditions.
 D. COUNSELING PROCESS AND APPLICATION
OF MMT

1. To find most effective approach for each client

instead of forcing all clients to follow the same therapy
method (Zilbergeld, 1982).

2. To assist clients in implementing desired changes as

fast as possible.

3. To reduce psychological difficulties and challenges

and promote client's self-growth and development (Fall
& Hodder, 2003).
 D. COUNSELING PROCESS AND APPLICATION OF MMT
The counselor employs/uses a
Counselor engage fully and range of techniques and
participate actively in therapy therapeutic styles depending on
sessions with the client. the client's individual style,
personality, and needs.

The counselor and client

Demonstrate flexibility and collaborate to identify and
address the key issues across
adaptability in managing clients
BASIC ID modalities and
and their problems effectively.
focuses on discussing solutions
together to solve those issues.

The counselor acts as a The counselor adapts their

consultant, educator, coach, interpersonal style to suit
and role model for the client. the client during the session.
 D. COUNSELING PROCESS AND APPLICATION OF MMT

Emphasize on the uniqueness of each individual so, there is no standardized treatment approach used
for all clients.

Understand and prioritize the client's desires and goals for the therapeutic process.

During the initial sessions, the counselor listens to the client's concerns, and as they continue working
together, they delve deeper into the problems and find solutions using different viewpoints through the
BASIC ID framework.

Although MMT uses many techniques from various therapies, it possesses 6 characteristics that make it a
unique therapy:
1. Specific and comprehensive focus on the BASIC ID modality.
2. Utilization of the second-order BASIC ID sequence.
3. Use of modality profiles.
4. Firing order.
5. Bridging procedure.
6. Tracking the firing order to detect modality shifts.
 The therapy starts by
allowing the client to openly
discuss the issues they are
facing and everything they
are going through.
The therapy then considers all
the modalities in order of
priority (firing order),
focusing on the modalities
that are most relevant and
important to be treated.
The Multimodal Life History
Inventory (Lazarus 1991) is
usually given to the client to
complete after the initial
consultation session.
Using the client's verbal
information and the inventory,
the counselor creates a BASIC
ID modalities profile (profil
modaliti) of client
 The bridging process occurs, where
the counselor initially focuses on the
client's preferred modalities before
exploring other dimensions or
modalities that may be more
productive.
At the end of the session, the
counselor assesses the client's
progress and identifies whether
they have achieved positive
changes using the BASIC ID
approach.
Various therapy techniques from
different approaches are combined,
and effective interventions are
implemented based on BASIC ID.
Tracking takes place, where the
firing order is periodically
reassessed during sessions to
determine if the focused modalities
have changed or remained the
same.
COGNITIVE AFFECT/EMOTION IMAGERY

DRUGS/ BIOLOGICAL

SENSATION INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOUR

 E. EXAMPLE: SARAH'S CASE

Counselor: Good morning. May I know why are you here

today? (B) BEHAVIOUR

Sarah: I've been avoiding social situations lately and canceling

plans. It's been really difficult for me.

Counselor: I understand. Can you tell me more about why

you've been avoiding those situations?
(A) AFFECT/ EMOTION

Sarah: I feel a lot of anxiety and fear when I have to be around

people. I worry about what they might think of me and I'm
afraid of embarrassing myself.

Counselor: It sounds like social situations trigger a lot of anxiety

for you. Can you describe what that feels like?
 (S) SENSATION

Sarah: It's like my heart starts racing, I get sweaty palms, and it's
hard to catch my breath. I just feel really uncomfortable and
overwhelmed.

Counselor: Do you have any specific thoughts or images that

come to mind when you think about social situations?
(I) IMAGERY
Sarah: Yes, I often imagine myself doing something
embarrassing or being judged by others. Those thoughts make
me even more anxious and self-conscious.

Counselor: It seems like you have negative beliefs about yourself

in social situations. Can you share some of those beliefs?
(C) COGNITIVE

Sarah: I always think that people are judging me or that I'll say or
do something stupid. I feel like I'm not good enough and it's
really hard to be around others.
Counselor: Can you explain about your relationship with
others?

(I) INTERPERSONAL

Sarah: I usually don't talk to people. Most of the times I isolate

myself. I often avoid conflict and have a hard time standing up for
myself. It affects my relationships with others.

Counselor: It's important to consider other factors as well. Have

you noticed any patterns of anxiety disorders in your family?
(D) DRUG/ BIOLOGICAL

Sarah: Yes, there is a history of anxiety disorders in my family

 E. EXAMPLE: SARAH'S CASE

1) MODALITY PROFILE OF SARAH

Avoiding social situation, canceling plans

Anxiety and fear around people

Increase in heartbeat, difficulty in breathing, sweaty palms

Imagine of doing something and embarrassing herself in front of others

Thinking that she is not good enough and it's hard to be around others

Doesn't mingle around people, isolates herself, couldn't stand for herself

Family history of anxiety

 E. EXAMPLE: SARAH'S CASE

2) FIRING ORDER - INTERVENTION (A-C-B-I-S)

Teach Sarah relaxation techniques and emotional regulation skills to manage her extreme
anxiety and fear.
Cognitive restructuring or reframing will be used. Counselor and Sarah challenge and reframe her
negative thoughts and believes about herself in social situations and replace it with more realistic and
positive self-perception.
Focus on behavior activation where encourage Sarah to engage in activities to overcome
avoidance and build confidence such as attending small social gatherings
Teach Sarah ways to initiate conversation with people. Counselor also can give Sarah ways to
express her feelings to someone and stand up for herself. They can also adapt the role play
technique where they simulate real-life social situations.
Teach Sarah deep breathing techniques and grounding exercises to help her manage the
physical sensations of anxiety. Can also use desensitization systematic techniques to bring a
sense of calm and relaxation during social interactions.
3) TRACKING AND REASSESSING BASIC ID
 F. TECHNIQUES IN MMT

The counselor uses a variety of techniques and

methods to assist clients, which is known as "technical
eclecticism."

Therapy in multimodal approach has a psychoeducational

aspect, meaning that it emphasizes education and learning.

Different techniques are used for different issues, so there

is no set list of specific techniques for this therapy.
 G. APPLICATION OF MULTIMODAL THERAPY IN A
CROSS-CULTURAL SETTING:

Counselors adapt their Multimodal therapy

Multimodal therapy can be
communication and incorporates techniques that
tailored to meet the specific
counseling style to align with are relevant and respectful of
needs of clients from different
cultural norms and individual clients' cultural values and
cultural backgrounds.
preferences of clients. beliefs.

Counselors foster a supportive Multimodal therapy allows for

and respectful environment,
taking cultural differences into
consideration to establish a
strong therapeutic
relationship.
the use of diverse techniques,
ensuring that therapy is
flexible and suited to the
cultural context of the client.
 H. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF MMT

Advantages of multimodal therapy:

Holistic approach: Considers multiple aspects of an individual, addressing needs

comprehensively.
Personalized: Customized based on individual characteristics, preferences, and values.
Integration of techniques: Combines diverse therapeutic approaches for tailored
treatment.

Disadvantages of multimodal therapy:

Complexity: Requires deep understanding of modalities and techniques.

Dependence on counselor: Success relies on counselor's skills and expertise.
Time-intensive: May require more sessions and longer duration for desired outcomes.
 MULTIMODAL LIFE HISTORY INVENTORY

The purpose of this inventory is to obtain a comprehensive picture of your background. In

psychotherapy records ass necessary since they permit a more thorough dealing with one's
problems. By completing these questions as fully and as accurately as you can. You will
facilitate your therapeutic program. You are requested to answer these routine questions in
your own time instead of using up your actual consulting time (please feel free to use extra
sheets if you need additional answer space).

It is understandable that you might be concerned about what happens to the information
about you because much or all of this information is highly personal.

Case records are strictly confidential.

Second edition. 1991

First edition. 1980. published as the Multimodal Life History Questionnaire

Copyright 1991 by Arnold A. Lazarus and Clifford N. Lazarus

All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America.

No part of this inventory may be reproduced by any means without the written permission of the publishers.

Research Press
2612 North Mattis Avenue
Champaign. Illinois 61821
GENERAL INFORMATION
1
 Date: ____________________________

Name: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Address: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

Telephone numbers: Day_____________________________________ Evening________________________________________

Age: ______ Occupation: ___________________________________________________________________ Sex: ____ M ____ F

Date of birth: _______________ Weight: _______ Does your weight fluctuate? ____ Yes ____ No. If yes, by how much? _______

Do you have a family physician? ____ Yes ____ No

Name of family physician: __________________________________________ Telephone number: _________________________

By whom were you referred? __________________________________________________________________________________

Marital status (check one): ____ Single ____ Engaged ____ Married ____ Separated ____ Divorced

____ Widowed ____ Living with someone ____ Remarried: How many times?
__________________________________

Do you live in: ____ House ____ Room ____ Apartment ____ Other: ___________________________________

With whom do you live? (check all that apply): ____ Self ____ Parents ____Spouse ____ Roommate

____ Child(ren) ____ Friend(s) ____Others (specify): ___________________________________________________

What sort of work are you doing now? _________________________________________________________________________

Does your present work satisfy you? ____ Yes ____ No

If no, please explain: _______________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What kinds of jobs have you held in the past? ____________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you been in therapy before or received any professional assistance for your problems? ____ Yes ____ No

Have you ever been hospitalized for psychological/psychiatric problems? ____ Yes ____ No

If yes, when and where? _____________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever attempted suicide? ____ Yes ____ No

Does any member of your family suffer from an “emotional” or “mental disorder”? ____ Yes ____ No

Has any relative attempted or committed suicide? ____ Yes ____ No

2
PERSONAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY

Father: Name: ________________________________________________________________________ Age:________

Occupation: ______________________________________________________ Health: ___________________

If deceased, give his age at time of death: _____________ How old were you at the time? ___________________

Cause of death: ______________________________________________________________________________

Mother: Name: ________________________________________________________________________ Age: ________

Occupation: ______________________________________________________ Health: ___________________

If deceased, give her age at time of death: ____________ How old were you at the time? ___________________

Cause of death: ______________________________________________________________________________

Siblings: Age(s) of brother(s): ______________________________ Age(s) of sister(s): ____________________________

Any significant details about siblings: ___________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

If you were not brought up by your parents, who raised you and between what years? _____________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Give a description of your father’s (or father substitute’s) personality and his attitude toward you (past and present):

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Give a description of your mother’s (or mother substitute’s) personality and her attitude toward you (past and present):

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3
In what ways were you disciplined or punished by your parents?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Give an impression of your home atmosphere (i.e. the home in which you grew up). Mention state of compatibility between parents
and between children.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Were you able to confide in your parents? ____ Yes ____ No

Basically, did you feel loved and respected by your parents? ____ Yes ____ No

If you have a stepparent, give your age when your parent remarried: ___________________________________________________

Has anyone (parents, relatives, friends) ever interfered in your marriage, occupation, etc.? ____ Yes ____ No

If yes, please describe briefly: _________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Scholastic strengths: _________________________________________________________________________________________

Scholastic weaknesses: _______________________________________________________________________________________

What was the last grade completed (or highest degree)? _____________________________________________________________

Check any of the following that applied during your childhood/adolescence:

____Happy childhood ____ Not enough friends ____ Sexually abused

____Unhappy childhood ____ School problems ____Severely bullied or teased

____Emotional/behavior problems ____Financial problems ____Eating disorder

____ Legal trouble ____ Strong religious convictions ____ Others: _______________________

____ Death in family ____ Drug use _____________________________

____ Medical problems ____ Used alcohol _____________________________

____ Ignored ____ Severely punished _____________________________

4
DESCRIPTION OF PRESENTING PROBLEMS

State in your own words the nature of your main problems: __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

On the scale below, please estimate the severity of your problem(s):

____ Mildly upsetting ____Moderately upsetting ____ Very severe ____ Extremely severe ____ Totally incapacitating

When did your problems begin? _______________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What seems to worsen your problems? _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What have you tried that has been helpful? ______________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

How satisfied are you with your life as a whole these days?

Not at all satisfied 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Very satisfied

How would you rate your overall level of tension during the past month?

Relaxed 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tense

EXPECTATIONS REGARDING THERAPY

In a few words, what do you think therapy is all about? ___________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

How long do you think your therapy should last? ________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What personal qualities do you think the ideal therapist should possess? ______________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5
MODALITY ANALYSIS OF CURRENT PROBLEMS

The following section is designed to help you describe your current problems in greater detail and to identify problems that might
otherwise go unnoticed. This will enable us to design a comprehensive treatment program and tailor it to your specific needs. The
following section is organized according to the seven modalities of Behaviors, Feelings, Physical Sensations, Images, Thoughts,
Interpersonal Relationships, and Biological Factors.

BEHAVIORS

Check any of the following behaviors that often apply to you:

____ Overeat ____ Loss of control ____ Phobic avoidance ____ Crying

____ Take drugs ____ Suicidal attempts ____ Spend too much money ____ Outbursts of temper

____ Unassertive ____ Compulsions ____ Can’t keep a job ____ Others: ____________

____ Odd behavior ____ Smoke ____ Insomnia ___________________

____ Drink too much ____ Withdrawal ____ Take too many risks ___________________

____ Work too hard ____ Nervous tics ____ Lazy

____ Procrastination ____ Concentrations difficulties ____ Eating Problems

____ Impulsive reactions ____ Sleep disturbance ____ Aggressive behavior

What are some special talents or skills that you feel proud of? ____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

What would you like to stop doing? ________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

How is your free time spent? ______________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

What kind of hobbies or leisure activities do you enjoy or find relaxing? ___________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Do you have trouble relaxing or enjoying weekends and vacations? ____ Yes ____ No

If yes, please explain: ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

If you could have any two wishes, what would they be? ________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

6
FEELINGS
Check any of the following feelings that often apply to you:

____ Angry ____ Fearful ____ Happy ____ Hopeful ____ Bored ____ Optimistic

____ Annoyed ____ Panicky ____ Conflicted ____ Helpless ____ Restless ____ Tense

____ Sad ____ Energetic ____ Shameful ____ Relaxed ____ Lonely ____ Others: __________________

____ Depressed ____Envious ____ Regretful ____ Jealous ____ Contented ________________________

____ Anxious ____ Guilty ____ Hopeless ____ Unhappy ____ Excited ________________________

List your five main fears:

1. __________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. __________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. __________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. __________________________________________________________________________________________________

What are some positive feelings you have experienced recently? _____________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

When are you most likely to lose control of your feelings? __________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Describe any situations that make you feel calm or relaxed: _________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
`
PHYSICAL SENSATIONS
Check any of the following physical sensations that often apply to you:

___ Abdominal pain ___ Bowel disturbances ___ Hear things ___ Blackouts

___ Pain or burning with urination ___ Tingling ___ Watery eyes ___ Excessive sweating

___ Menstrual difficulties ___ Numbness ___ Flushes ___ Visual disturbances

___ Headaches ___ Stomach trouble ___ Nausea ___ Hearing problems

___ Dizziness ___ Tics ___ Skin problems ___ Others: ________

___ Palpitations ___ Fatigue ___ Dry mouth __________________

___ Muscle spasms ___ Twitches ___ Burning or itching skin __________________

___ Tension ___ Back pain ___ Chest pains

___ Sexual disturbances ___ Tremors ___ Rapid heart beat

___ Unable to relax ___ Fainting spells ___ Don’t like to be touched

7
What sensations are:

Pleasant to you? ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Unpleasant to you? _________________________________________________________________________________________

IMAGES

Check any of the following that apply to you:

I picture myself:

___ Being happy ___ Being talked about ___ Being trapped

___ Being hurt ___ Being aggressive ___ Being laughed at

___ Not coping ___ Being helpless ___ Being promiscuous

___ Succeeding ___ Hurting others ___ Others: _____________________________

___ Losing control ___ Being in charge ___________________________________

___ Being followed ___ Failing ___________________________________

I have:

___ Pleasant sexual images ___ Seduction images

___ Unpleasant childhood images ___ Images of being loved

___ Negative body images ___ Others: _________________________

___ Unpleasant sexual images _______________________________

___ Lonely images _______________________________

Describe a very pleasant image, mental picture, or fantasy: _________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Describe a very unpleasant image, mental picture, or fantasy: _______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Describe your image of a completely “safe place”: ________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Describe any persistent or disturbing images that interfere with your daily functioning: ___________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

How often do you have nightmares? ____________________________________________________________________________

8
THOUGHTS

Check each of the following that you might use to describe yourself:

___ Intelligent ___ A nobody ___ Inadequate ___ Concentration difficulties ___ Lazy

___ Confident ___ Useless ___ Confused ___ Memory problems ___ Untrustworthy

___ Worthwhile ___ Evil ___ Ugly ___ Attractive ___ Dishonest

___ Ambitious ___ Crazy ___ Stupid ___ Can’t make decisions ___Others: ________

___ Sensitive ___ Morally degenerate ___ Naïve ___ Suicidal ideas __________________

___ Loyal ___ Considerate ___ Honest ___ Persevering __________________

___ Trustworthy ___ Deviant ___ Incompetent ___ Good sense of humor

___ Full of regrets ___ Unattractive ___ Horrible thoughts ___ Hard working

___ Worthless ___ Unlovable ___ Conflicted ___ Undesirable

What do you consider to be your craziest thought or idea? __________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Are you bothered by thoughts that occur over and over again? ____ Yes ____ No

If yes, what are these thoughts? _______________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What worries do you have that may negatively affect your mood or behavior? ___________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

On each of the following items, please circle the number that most accurately reflects your opinions:

Strongly Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree agree

I should not make mistakes. 1 2 3 4 5

I should be good at everything I do. 1 2 3 4 5
When I do not know something, I should pretend that I do. 1 2 3 4 5
I should not disclose personal information. 1 2 3 4 5
I am a victim of circumstances. 1 2 3 4 5
My life is controlled by outside forces. 1 2 3 4 5
Other people are happier than I am. 1 2 3 4 5
It is very important to please other people. 1 2 3 4 5
Play it safe: don’t take any risks. 1 2 3 4 5
I don’t deserve to be happy. 1 2 3 4 5
If I ignore my problems, they will disappear. 1 2 3 4 5
It is my responsibility to make other people happy. 1 2 3 4 5
I should strive for perfection. 1 2 3 4 5
Basically, there are two ways of doing things-the right way and the wrong way. 1 2 3 4 5
I should never be upset. 1 2 3 4 5

9
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

Friendships

Do you make friends easily? ____ Yes ____No Do you keep them? ____Yes ____No

Did you date much during high school? ____Yes ____No College? ____Yes ____No

Were you ever bullied or severely teased? ____ Yes ____ No

Describe any relationship that gives you:

Joy: __________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Grief: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Rate the degree to which you generally feel relaxed and comfortable in social situations:
Very relaxed 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Very anxious

Do you have one or more friends with whom you feel comfortable sharing your most private thoughts? ____ Yes ____No

Marriage ( or a committed relationship)

How long did you know your spouse before your engagement? ___________________________________________________

How long were you engaged before you got married? ___________________________________________________________

How long have you been married? __________________________________________________________________________

What is your spouse’s age? _____ His/her occupation? _________________________________________________________

Describe your spouse’s personality: _________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

What do you like most about your spouse? ___________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

What do you like least about your spouse? ___________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

What factors detract from your marital satisfaction? ____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

10
On the scale below, please indicate how satisfied you are with your marriage:
Very dissatisfied 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Very satisfied

How do you get along with your partner’s friends and family?
Very poorly 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Very well

How many children do you have? _____________________________________________________________________________

Please give their names and ages: _____________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Do any of your children present special problems? ____Yes ____No

If yes, please describe: ______________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Any significant details about a previous marriage(s)? ______________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Other Relationships

Are there any problems in your relationships with people at work? ____ Yes ____ No

If yes, please describe: ______________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Please complete the following:

One of the ways people hurt me is: _____________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I could shock you by: ________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

My spouse (or boyfriend/girlfriend) would describe me as: __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

My best friend thinks I am: ___________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

People who dislike me: ______________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Are you currently troubled by any past rejections or loss of a love relationship? ____ Yes ____ No

If yes, please explain: ________________________________________________________________________________________

11
Do you have any current concerns about your physical health? ____ Yes ____ No

If yes, please specify: ________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Please list any medication you are currently taking: ________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Do you eat three well-balanced meals each day? ____ Yes ____ No

Do you get regular physical exercise? ____ Yes ____ No

If yes, what type and how often? _______________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Please list any significant medical problems that apply to you or to members of your family: _______________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Please describe any surgery you have had (give dates): _____________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Please describe any physical handicap(s) you have: ________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Menstrual History (females)

Age at first period: ____________ Were you informed? ___ Yes ___ No Did it come as a shock? ___ Yes ___ No

Are you regular? ___ Yes ___ No Duration: ____________________________ Do you have pain? ___ Yes ___ No

Do you periods affect your moods? ___ Yes ___ No Date of last period: __________________________________________

12
Check any of the following that apply to you:

Never Rarely Occasionally Daily

Muscle weakness
Tranquilizers
Diuretics
Diet pills
Marijuana
Hormones
Sleeping pills
Aspirin
Cocaine
Pain killers
Narcotics
Stimulants
Hallucinogens(i.e.LSD)
Laxatives
Cigarettes
Tobacco(specify)
Coffee
Alcohol
Birth control pills
Vitamins
Under eat
Overeat
Eat junk foods
Diarrhea
Constipation
Gas
Indigestion
Nausea
Vomiting
Heartburn
Dizziness
Palpitations
Fatigue
Allergies
High blood pressure
Chest Pain
Shortness of breath
Insomnia
Sleep too much
Fitful sleep
Early morning awakening
Earaches
Headaches
Backaches
Bruise or bleed easily
Weight problems
Others:

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STRUCTURAL PROFILE

Directions: Rate yourself on the following dimensions on a seven-point scale with “1” being the lowest and “7” being the highest.

BEHAVIORS: Some people may be described as “doers” – they are action 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

oriented, they like to busy themselves, get things done, take
on various projects. How much of a doer are you?

FEELINGS: Some people are very emotional and may or may not express 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
How passionate are you?

PHYSICAL Some people attach a lot of value to sensory experiences, such 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

SENSATIONS: as sex, food, music, art, and other “sensory delights.” Others
are very much aware of minor aches, pains and discomforts
How “tuned into” your sensations are you?

MENTAL How much fantasy or daydreaming do you engage in? This is 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

IMAGES: separate from thinking or planning. This is “thinking in
pictures,” visualizing real or imagined experiences, letting
your mind roam. How much are you into imagery?

THOUGHTS: Some people are very analytical and like to plan things. They 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
like to reason things through. How much of a ‘thinker” and
“planner” are you?

INTERPERSONAL How important are other people to you? This is you self- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
RELATIONSHIPS: rating as a social being. How important are close friendships’
To you, the tendency to gravitate toward people, the desire for
intimacy? The opposite of this is being a “loner.”

BIOLOGICAL Are you healthy and health conscious? Do you avoid bad 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
FACTORS: habits like smoking, too much alcohol, drinking a lot of
coffee, overeating, etc.? Do you exercise regularly, get
enough sleep, avoid junk foods, and generally take care of
your body?

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