Republic of the Philippines

Laguna State Polytechnic University

Lopez Satellite Campus
Hondagua Lopez, Quezon

Detailed Lesson Plan

Science IV
(4A’s TEACHING APPROACH)

I. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson the pupils should be able to:

A. Describe at least three examples of beneficial and harmful interactions among living
things.
B. Develop an appreciation for the inter connectedness of living things and their role in
maintaining ecological balance, and,
C. Demonstrate their understanding of these interactions by creating a visual representation.

II. SUBJECT MATTER:

a. TOPIC: Describe some types of beneficial and harmful interactions among living
things
b. MATERIALS: Printed Materials, TV,Crayons,Marker,Illustration Board, Pencil
c. REFERENCES: https://smnh.tau.ac.il/en/interactions-among-living-organisms/
d. PROCESS SKILLS: Exploring and discovering and describing
e. VALUES INTEGRATION: Unity,Teamwork and Appreciation

III. PROCEDURE

Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity

A. Preliminary Activities
1. Prayer The class will pray
Class, please all stand and let us pray! together

Amen!

2. Greetings Good morning, Ma’am!

Good morning, class!
 Before you take your seats, kindly pick up the pieces of Thank You Ma’am.
paper under your chair and arrange it properly.

3. Checking of attendance None is absent Ma’am

When your name is called say present.

Very good!
We have a perfect attendance.

4. Drill
Class, before we formally start let us have a short
activity to freshmen up your mind.

All you have to do is arrange the letters in a descending

order to reveal the correct answer below.

u m a u t i s m l -MUTUALISM

n o i t i t p e o c m -COMPETITION

p e r a d i o n t
-PREDATION

m s i t i s a r a p
-PARASITISM

m s i l a s n e m m o c
-COMMENSALISM

Let’s check if your answers are correct.

Very good! Now let’s give ourselves a very good clap. Students clapping

5. Review
Before we proceed to our new lesson today, let us have Ma’am, last meeting, we
a review.
have discussed about the
Who among you could still remember the previous detailed lesson plan
 topic? Yes, _____.
(Students will answer)

Alright!

Very good!

6. Motivation
Class, I have here a set of pictures.
(Teacher shows the pictures. What can you see the first
picture?

Teacher I saw a tree which

gives oxygen to the person.

Very good!
How about the second picture? Yes______

I saw a carabao that has a

bird on his head. Which I
think that the bird place
into the head of the carabao
to be able to eat some
insects.
Very well said!
How about the third picture? Yes____

It is a mosquito into a
finger that sucks a blood
into.

Correct!
 The fourth picture, yes______

It is a butterfly who suck up

some necktar.

alright! Thank you for your active participation.

All your answers are correct.

B. Lesson Proper
1. Activity

A. Presentation of the Problem

Based on the set pictures shown to you, what do you
think is our discussion for today? (Students listen)

Anyone?

Alright! Today, we are going to study the different Types

of Beneficial and Harmful Interactions Among Living Things. So
the pictures that I’ve shown you earlier is connected to our topic
for today.

B. Materials
I have here a mystery box which contains a different
types of interaction among living things.
.

C. Activity Orientation
Now class, you will be grouped into five (5). I will give
each group a topic and a materials needed in your
activity. You will make a visual representation of
 beneficial and harmful interaction among living
things.You will be given fifteen (15) minutes to do it. Cooperate with your
Each group must study the given topic. Each group will members.
have a representative to explain their work.
Do the activity quietly.

Mutualism – both sides benefit

Do you remember Nemo, the clownfish, who lived with his father
inside the sea anemone? The animated film “Finding Nemo” (Pupils will start to do their
presents one of the better known instances of mutualism – that tasks)
which takes place between the clownfish and the sea anemone.
The clownfish, living among the tentacles of the sea anemone, is
protected by their stings; in return, the sea anemone receives
scraps of food that fall from the fish’s mouth. For the clownfish,
the relationship is one of absolute necessity: if it moves away from
the sea anemone’s tentacles, it will easily be devoured by
predators. For the sea anemone, on the other hand, the relationship
is not so indispensable – it can live well enough without the
clownfish’s leftovers.

Another mutualistic relationship, the interaction between gobies

(small fish belonging to the family Gobiidae) and shrimps, is
crucial for both parties. The fish and the shrimp live together in a
burrow on the ocean bed: the shrimp digs the burrow, keeps it
clean and regularly removes sand from its opening; the goby
positions itself at the burrow’s entrance and warns the shrimp,
which has poor eyesight, of impending danger. Using its antennae,
the shrimp maintains constant contact with the tail of the goby,
which signals danger via tail movements.

Competition – both sides lose

When two species share a resource that is insufficient for both,

competition develops between them. For example, competition
over food: when a cheetah or a leopard catches its prey, it must eat
it rapidly before other predators, such as hyenas, lions or
scavenger birds, gather round to enjoy the bounty. Competition
can also take place between two individuals of the same species.
For example, two male deer may compete for the right to mate
with all females in the herd.
Predation – the predator benefits, the prey loses

In predatory interactions, organisms of one species feed on

organisms of another species. Predatory interactions are not
exclusive to animals – a wolf consuming a hare, for example.
They also relate to animals that eat plants. As strange as it may
seem to us, in biological terms, herbivorous animals are also
defined as predatory, preying on vegetarian food.

Parasitism – the parasite benefits, the host loses

In parasitic interactions, one organism, called the parasite, lives on

or inside another organism, called the host, and feeds off it. Many
diseases are the result of parasitism, in which a bacterium, a
fungus or some other organism harms the host on which it lives.
The head louse and the dog tick are examples of two parasites
familiar to many of us from our daily lives.

Commensalism – someone benefits, but no-one loses

In commensalism, one party benefits from the relationship, while

the other is neither positively nor negatively affected by it. For
example, barnacles are small marine crustaceans that attach
themselves to the backs of whales or the shells of sea turtles.
Unaffected by the barnacles in any way, the sea turtles and whales
provide these smaller organisms with several benefits: a mobile
habitat, defense against predators and opportunities to find readily-
available food. It must be emphasized, however, that defining an
interaction as commensalism may be problematic. Why? Because
when we study interactions between two organisms, the fact that
we haven’t found evidence of harm or benefit to one of the two
parties involved does not necessarily prove that none exist. In fact,
some interactions that initially did not appear to be affecting one
side ultimately turned out to be either beneficial or injurious to
that party.

Mutualism or predation? Parasitism or perhaps competition?

What is certain is that animals conduct fascinating interactions
with each other. Studying them can teach us a great deal about the
world around us, and the affinities among its various inhabitants.
 C. Setting of Standards

But before going to your place, what should you

remember when doing a group activity?

What else?

Each group presenting their

works.
Alright! Your (15) minutes starts now.

D. Activity Proper
(See attached activity sheets in the lesson plan)

(After 10 minutes)

E. Reporting
Now class, let us have the presentation of each group. (Students varied answers)
Each group will present within a minute.

Let us give the presenters a good job clap. Go!

2. Analysis

Now who can give me some examples of beneficial

and harmful interactions between living things?

Very good!

Another?
Correct!

What else?
3. Abstraction MUTUALISMS
Again class, what are the types of beneficial and
harmful interactions among living things? COMPETITION

PREDATION
Yes_____
PARATISM

Very good! COMMENSALISM

MUTUALISMS

Will you please repeat the answer of your classmate COMPETITION

_______? PREDATION

PARATISM

COMMENSALSIM

When two species share a

resource that is insufficient
What is about competition? for both, competition
develops between them.

This interactions, one species

benefits while the other is
How about Mutualism? Yes_____ neither harmed nor benefited .

In predatory interactions,
And predation is? Yes_____ organisms of one species
feed on organisms of
another species.
 In parasitic interactions,
one organism, called the
How about parasitism? parasite, lives on or inside
another organism, called
the host, and feeds off it.

One party benefits from the

And the last one commensalism? Yes_____ relationship, while the other
is neither positively nor
negatively affected by it.

4. Application

D. Now that you know what are the types of beneficial and
harmful interactions among living things, you are going to
construct a paragraph with a deeper appreciation to the
living things and their role in maintaining ecological
balance. Your work will be graded according to the rubric. (Students doing their task)

CATEGORY EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR

FOCUS AND
DETAILS
The main ideas The main The main ideas No focus on
are clear and ideas are clear are not details and
accurate but not totally supported general lack of
information. accurate especially understanding
information or clear. the topic.
facts.

ORGANIZA- At the beginning, Story has a Story has a There is no clear

TION creates satisfying clear and clear and from the
and well- interesting satisfying but beginning until
developed, the from the needs to the end.
story has a clear beginning improve the
ending. until the end. information or
facts to make it
fascinating.

Sentence All sentences are Most Many errors of Unclear

structure well-constructed sentences are grammar, sentence, overall
Grammar, and accurate form well- spelling, errors, and
Mechanics, and of grammar, constructed mechanics, and difficult to read.
spelling spelling and but needs to even the
mechanics. improve the punctuation.
grammar,
spelling and
 mechanics.

IV. EVALUATION

Question:

1. This is a type of interactions where both species involved benefit from the relationship?

2. This interactions, one species benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefited called?

3. This interaction involves one species benefiting (parasite) at the expense of the other (host).

4. In predation, one species (predator) hunts skills,kills, and consumes another species (prey).

5. This occurs when two or more species compete for limited resources such as food,water,or territory.

Answers:

1. Mutualism

2.Commensalism

3.Parasitism

4.Predation

5. Competition

V. Assignment:

For your assignment create a short reflection about the lesson for today.
Prepared by:

Group Leader: Tandaan, Jericho

Villafuerte ,Aangel mae B.

Villasoto, Lyka C.

Villate, Prince Angelo O.

Submitted to:

FRANZ LESLY CAPELLAN VILLAOS