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Self-Learning Kit
Mathematics
Quarter 2 - Week 7

RENILDA L. TITO
Writer
Mathematics – Grade 10
Self-Learning Kit
Quarter 2 – Week 7
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Self-Learning Kit

Writers: Renilda L. Tito

Editors: Vivian C. dela Cerna
Reviewers: Mary Ann E. Ramos
Illustrator: John Orven V. Saldaña
Layout Artist: Joel R. Capuyan
Management Team: Leah P. Noveras, Ed.D., CESO VI
Bernadette A. Susvilla, Ed.D., CESO VI
Lilia R. Ybañez
Mary Ann E. Ramos
Reynilda G. Ramoneda
Joel R. Capuyan
Raymond L. Ceniza

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region VII Schools Division of Danao City

Office Address: Sitio Upland, National Road, Danao City, Cebu

Telephone No. (032) 262-6211
Telefax: danao.city@deped.gov.ph
E-mail Address: depeddanaocity.com

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Note to the Learner

This Self-Learning Kit is prepared for you to learn the specified competencies
based on the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) for Math 10, Quarter 2,
Week 7. It is designed in a simplified structure to help you easily understand the lesson
for the week. It contains the following parts:

I Have Includes an activity that aims to check what you

Known already know about this lesson

I Can Consists of activities that will help you view the

Connect previous lesson and prepare you to the new one

Details the presentation and discussion of the

I Can Learn
concepts that you need to learn in this new lesson

Comprises of activities for independent practice to

I Can Try
check understanding of the new concepts learned

I Can Contains exercises to validate your knowledge and

Assess understanding of the concepts learned

I Can Do Covers activities and exercises that you can do

More further to enrich your learning

Answer Key Contains the key to correction of all the exercises

Indicates the sources in the development of this

References
Self- Learning Kit (SLK)

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Lesson Title Using Distance and Midpoint Formula in
Proving Geometric Figures
Learning Applies the distance formula to prove some geometric
Competency figures.
MELC Code M10GE-IIg-2

I Have Known

A. Directions: Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer and
write on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What proof uses figures on a coordinate plane to prove geometric

properties?
A. indirect proof C. coordinate proof
B. direct proof D. two-column proof
2. Which of the following represents the distance d between the two points
(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2)?
A. 𝑑 = √(𝑥2 + 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 + 𝑦1 )2 C. 𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 − (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2
B. 𝑑 = √(𝑥2 + 𝑥1 )2 − (𝑦2 + 𝑦1 )2 D. 𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

3. Point L is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅̅

𝐾𝑀. Which of the following is true about the
distances among K, L, and M?
A. KL = KM C. KL = LM
B. LM = KM D. 2| 𝐾𝑀| = 𝐾𝐿 + 𝐿𝑀
4. What is the distance between the points M(-3 , 1) and N(7 , -3)?
A. 6 C. 14
B. 2√29 D. 4√29
5. Which of the following represents the midpoint M of the segment whose
endpoints are (𝑥1, 𝑦1) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 )?
𝑥1 −𝑥2 𝑦1 −𝑦2 𝑥1 +𝑦1 𝑥2 +𝑦2
A. 𝑀 = ( , ) C. 𝑀 = ( , )
2 2 2 2
𝑥1 +𝑥2 𝑦1 +𝑦2 𝑥1 −𝑦1 𝑥2 −𝑦2
B. 𝑀 = ( , ) D. 𝑀 = ( , )
2 2 2 2
6. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints
are (-1 , -3) and (11 , 7)?
A. (2 , 5) C. (-5 , -2)
B. (6 , 5) D. (5 , 2)
7. What figure is formed when the points E(-2, 7), A(1,7), R(4,1) and L(-5,1)?
A. trapezoid C. rhombus
B. square D. rectangle

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 8. The coordinates of the vertices of a triangle are T(-1 ,-3), O(7 , 5), and
P(7 , -2). What is the length of the segment joining the ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑇 and P?
A. 3 C. 5
B. 4 D. √7
9. What figure is formed when 1the points A(3 , 7), B(11 , 10), C(11 , 5) and
D(3 , 2) are connected consecutively?
A. parallelogram C. square
B. trapezoid D. rectangle
10. In the parallelogram SOME, what are the coordinates of S?
A. (s , o) C. (m , o)
B. (o , s) D. (o , m)
y

S E(s,m)

x
O M

I Can Connect

How Long Is This Part?

Use the number line below to find the length of each of the following segments and
then answer the questions that follow.

A B C D E F G
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10

1. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 3. ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷 5. ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐹

2. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 4. ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸 6. ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝐺

Questions:
1. How did you find the length of each segment?

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 2. Did you use the coordinates of the points in finding the length of each
segment? If yes, how?
3. Which segments are congruent? Why?
4. How would you relate the length of the following segments?
a) ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵, ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 , and ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 b) ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 , ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐸 , and ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐸
5. Is the length of 𝐴𝐷
̅̅̅̅ the same as the length of 𝐷𝐴̅̅̅̅? How about 𝐵𝐹
̅̅̅̅ and
𝐹𝐵? Explain your answer?
̅̅̅̅

Distance between Two Points

The distance between two points is always nonnegative. It is positive when the
two points are different, and zero if the points are the same. If R and T are two points,
then the distance from R to T is the same as the distance from T to R. That is RT = TR.

Consider two points that are aligned horizontally or vertically on the coordinate
plane. The horizontal distance between these points is the absolute value of the
difference of their x-coordinate. Likewise, the vertical distance between these points
is the absolute value of the difference of their y-coordinates.

Example 1: Find the distance between R(1 , 3) and T(8 , 3).

Solution:

4
R T

x
2 4 6 8

Since R and T are aligned horizontally, then RT = |8 − 1| or RT = 7

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Example 2: Determine the distance between A(5 , 3) and B(5 , -3).

Solution:

Points A and B are on the same vertical line. So the distance between them is
AB = |3 − (−3)|. This can be simplified to AB = |3 + 3| or AB = 6.

I Can Learn

The Distance Formula

The distance between two points, whether or not they are aligned
horizonatally or vertically, can be determined using the distance formula.

Consider the points P and Q whose coordinate are (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ),
respectively. The distance d between these points can be determined using the
distance formula:

𝒅 = √(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 )𝟐 + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 )𝟐 or ̅̅̅̅

𝑷𝑸 = √(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 )𝟐 + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 )𝟐

𝑄(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 )

̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑄

𝑃(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 )

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Example: Find the distance between the points P(2 , -2) and Q(8 , 3).
Solution: To find the distance between P and Q, the following procedures
can be followed.

1. Let (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) = (2 , -2) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) = (8 , 3).

2. Substitute the corresponding values of 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦2 in the
distance formula 𝑃𝑄 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 .
3. Solve the resulting equation.
𝑃𝑄 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

= √(8 − 2)2 + {3 − (−2)}2

= √(6)2 + (5)2

= √36 + 25

𝑃𝑄 = √61 ; The distance between P and Q is √𝟔𝟏 units.

The Midpoint Formula

If L(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and N(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) are the endpoints of a segment and M is the

𝒙𝟏 +𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟏 +𝒚𝟐
midpoint, then the coordinates of 𝑴 = ( , ). This is also referred to
𝟐 𝟐
as the Midpoint Formula.

𝑁(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 )

𝑥1 + 𝑥2 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
𝑀( , )
2 2

𝐿(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 )

Example: Find the midpoint of the segment ̅̅̅̅

𝐴𝐵 joining the two given points A(2, -4)
and B(7, 3).

Solution: Let 𝑥1 = 2, 𝑦1 = −4, 𝑥2 = 7, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦2 = 3. Substitute these values into the

𝑥1 +𝑥2 𝑦1 +𝑦2
formula 𝑀 = ( , ).
2 2
2+7 −4+3 9 1
𝑀=( , ) or 𝑀 = ( 2 , − 2)
2 2
𝟗 𝟏
The coordinates of the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅
𝑨𝑩 are (𝟐 , − 𝟐).

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Using the Distance Formula in Proving Geometric Properties

Many geometric properties can be proven by using a coordinate plane. A

proof that uses figures on a coordinate plane to prove geometric properties is called
a coordinate proof.

To prove geometric properties using the methods of coordinate geometry,

consider the following guidelines for placing figures on a coordinate plane. Use the
origin as vertex or center of a figure.
1. Place at least one side of a polygon on an axis.
2. If possible, keep the figure within the first quadrant.
3. Use coordinates that make computations simple and easy. Sometimes,
using coordinates that are multiples of two would make the computation
easier.
The distance and midpoint formulae are applied in some geometric proof.

Example: Prove that the diagonals of a parallelogram are congruent using

the methods of coordinate geometry.
Solution: L E

I V

Given: LIVE with diagonals ̅̅̅̅

𝐿𝑉 and ̅̅̅
𝐼𝐸

Prove: ̅̅̅
𝐼𝐸 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝑉
To prove:

1. Place LIVE on a L E
coordinate plane.

I V

L(0 , l) E(i , l)
2. Label the
coordinates as
shown in the
figure.
I(0,0) V(i , 0)

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 a. Find the distance between I and E.

Given: I(0 , 0) and E(i , l)

𝐼𝐸 = √(𝑖 − 0)2 + (𝑙 − 0)2
2
𝐼𝐸 = √𝑖2 + 𝑙

b. Find the distance between L and V.

Given: L(0 , l) and V(i , 0)

𝐿𝑉 = √(𝑖 − 0)2 + (0 − 𝑙)2
2
𝐿𝑉 = √𝑖2 + 𝑙

Since 𝐼𝐸 = √𝑖 2 + 𝑙 2 and 𝐿𝑉 = √𝑖 2 + 𝑙 2 , then IE = LV by substitution.

Therefore, ̅̅̅ 𝑳𝑽. It follows that the diagonals of a parallelogram are congruent.
𝑰𝑬 ≅ ̅̅̅̅

I Can Try

A. How far are we from each other?

Find the distance between each pair of points on the coordinate plane. Answer the
questions that follow.

1. A(1 , -4) and B(8 , -5)

2. R(9 , 7) and L(-3 , 2)

Questions:

a. How do you find the distance between points that are aligned
horizontally? Vertically?
b. If two points are not aligned horizontally or vertically, how would you
determine the distance between them?

B. Meet Me Halfway
Find the coordinates of the midpoint of the segment whose endpoints are
given below. Explain how you arrived at your answers.

1. Z(7 , 7) and T(8 , 10)

2. S(-4 , -2) and T(6 , 4)

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C. Prove That This Is True
Write a coordinate proof to prove.
In triangle ABC, A is a right angle, while B and C are acute angles.

Given: B≅ C B

Prove: 𝐴𝐶
̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵

A C

I Can Assess

A. Directions: By using the distance formula, classify what type of triangle these
three points forms. Write your answer on the space provided at the
right.

1. A(0 , 3), B(0 , 0), C(3 , 0) _____________________________

2. A(-3 , -1), B(0 , 3), C(4 , -2) _____________________________

3. A(0 , 4), B(5 , 0), C(5 , 3) _____________________________

4. A(0 , 4), B(3 , 0), C(6 , 4) _____________________________

5. A(-2 , -4), B(2 , -1), C(8 , -9) _____________________________

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B. Directions: Identify each figure and write the missing coordinates of point A
on the space provided.

1. , 4.

L O(b-d,e)

(a, b) P

E(d , 0) V(b,o)

(0,0) (c,0)

2. 5. ______________ , ____________
_______________ , ______________

C(0,b)
B(0,a)

𝑎 𝑏 D
𝐵(− , )
2 2

A C(a,0) A(-a,0) E(a,0)

3. ________________ , ______________

(0,a)

(-a,0) (a,0)

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 I Can Do More

Answer the following.

1. What is the radius of a circle whose center is at the origin and (-4 , 9) is a point
on the circle?

2. The midpoint of segment CS has coordinates (2 , -1). If the coordinates of C

are (11 , 2), what are the coordinates of S?

3. Write a coordinate proof to prove.

If a line segment joins the midpoints of two sides of a triangle, then its length is
equal to one-half the length of the third side.

Given: Triangle THE, A and L are midpoints of 𝑇𝐸

̅̅̅̅ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐻𝐸
̅̅̅̅

1
Prove: ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐴 = 2 ̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐻
H

T E
L

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 13
I Can Do More I Can Try
1. 4√23 A. 1) √50 or 5√2units I Have Known
2. (-7 , -4) 2) 13 units 1. C
3. 2. D
15 17
B. 1)( 2 , 2 ) 3. C
2) (1 , 1) 4. B
5. B
C. 6. D
7. A
8. C
9. A
A(0,0) 10. B
C(0,a)
1
Show that LA = TH
2
B(a,0)
LA=
Show that LB ≅ LC.
√[2𝑎 − (2𝑎 + 𝑏)]2 + (0 − 𝑐)2 ) If LB ≅LC then 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐴𝐵
LA= √(2𝑎 − 2𝑎 − 𝑏)2 + 𝑐 2 𝐴𝐶 = √(0 − 0)2 + (𝑎 − 0)2
=√𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 = √0 + 𝑎2 = √𝑎2 = a
TH=√(2𝑏 − 0)2 + (2𝑐 − 0)2 ) 𝐴𝐵 = √(0 − 𝑎)2 + (0 − 0)2
= √(𝑎2 + 0 = √𝑎2 = a
LA= √(2𝑏)2 + 4𝑐 2
Therefore, LB ≅ LC and
=√4𝑏 2 + 4𝑐 2 =2 √𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 then 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅. The two
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐴𝐵
1
Therefore, LA = TH sides of an isosceles
2
triangle are congruent.
Answer Key
 References

• Mathematics – Grade 10
Learner’s Module
First Edition 2015
By: Melvin M. Callanta, Allan M. Canonigo, Arnaldo I. Chua, Jerry D. Cruz, Mirla
S. Esparrago, Elino S. Gracia, Aries N. Magnaye, Fernando B. Orines, Rowena S.
Perez, and Concepcion S. Ternida
• Workbook in Mathematics Grade 10
Fifth Edition 2018 - 2019

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

DepEd – Danao City Division –Curriculum Implementation Division
Sitio Upland, National Road, Poblacion, Danao City, Cebu
Email Address: danao.city@deped.gov.ph
Website: depeddanaocity.com
Telephone No.: (032) 262-6211

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION VII
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF DANAO CITY

WEEKLY LEARNING PLAN IN MATHEMATICS GRADE 10

QUARTER 2-WEEK 7

Learning Competency/ies • Applies the distance formula to prove some geometric figures.
M10GE-IIg-2
Learning Tasks/Learning
Resources
A. Teacher’s Tasks:
1. Perform daily routine
❖ Prayer
❖ Greetings
❖ Attendance Check
2. Administer pre-test
❖ Let the leaners answer “I Have Known”, (SLK pp.1-2)
3. Conduct review
❖ Review concepts on how to find the length of the segments. Refer to “I Can
Connect”, (SLK pp. 2-4)
4. Deliver the new lesson
❖ Discuss the new lesson by following the activities found in “I Can Learn”, (SLK pp. 4-
8)
5. Check learner’s understanding
❖ Let the leaners do activities in “I Can Try”, (SLK pp.8-9)
6. Validate learning
❖ Let the leaners answer “I Can Assess”, (SLK pp.9-10)
7. Provide enrichment activity
❖ Let the leaners perform activities in “I Can Do More”, (SLK p.11)
B. Learner’s Tasks:
1. Answer “I Have Known”, (SLK pp.1-2) and check your answer. Refer to Answer Key p.12
2. Read and review concepts in “I Can Connect”, (SLK pp. 2-4)
3. Read and understand the new lesson presented in “I Can Learn”, (SLK pp. 4-8)
4. Do activities in “I Can Try”, (SLK pp.8-9). Check your work by referring to the answer key
found in p. 12
5. Answer “I Can Assess”, (SLK pp. 9-10) and submit your answer sheet.
6. Perform activities in “I Can Do More”, (SLK p.11). Check against the answer key on p. 12.

Prepared by:
RENILDA L. TITO
Writer

Contact No: 09329697048

Email Account: renilda.tito001@deped.gov.ph
FB Account: Renilda Laurito Tito
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Answer key in I Can Assess

A.

1. isosceles

2. scalene

3. scalene

4. isosceles

5. scalene

B.

1.parallelogram , (0 , e)

2. equilateral triangle, (- a , 0)

3. rhombus , (0 , -a)

4. isosceles trapezoid, (c - a , b)
𝑎 𝑏
5. isosceles triangle, ( , )
2 2

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