Name: ____________ Terra Sancta College –

Franciscan fathers
Class: 8th grade Subject: Science
Section: A / B / C Date: / / 2022
Teacher : Diana Sheet number (9)
Al-samawi 

Atom structure

- Atoms:
Are the foundation of chemistry, they
are the basis for everything in the universe.

- The atom consists of:

1. Electrons. (e)
2. Protons. (p)
3. Neutrons. (n)

Electrons Protons Neutrons

- The smallest particles. - Large particles. - Large particles.
- Found in shells or - Found inside the - Found inside the
orbits that surround Nucleus of an atom. Nucleus of an atom.
the nucleus of an atom. - Have a positive charge. - Have no charge.
- Have a negative charge. (Neutral)

- There are almost 103 known elements in the periodic table.

- Atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons.
- The atomic number of elements is number of proton in the nucleus of atom
The atomic number is also called the proton number.

1Page STC
 X
Mass number
(Atomic mass) A Chemical symbol
for the element

Atomic number
(Proton number) Z
Atomic number (Z) = Number of Protons = Number of Electrons
(Proton number)

Mass number (A) = Number of Protons + Number of Neutrons

(Atomic mass)

2Page STC
(1) Complete the following table by writing down the differences between
the following particles:

Electron Proton Neutron

Charge

Location

Size

(2) Use the periodic table, in page 2 to answer each of the following
questions:

A. What is the number of Protons for each of the following elements:

Lithium: ____ Iron: _____ Oxygen: ______ Krypton: ______

Bromine: _____ Copper: _____ Mercury: _____ Helium: ______

B. Name the element that has the following numbers of particles:

- 26 Electrons: ________________

- 53 Protons: _________________

- 2 Electrons: ________________

- Zero neutron: ______________

3Page STC
C. Complete the following table:

Name of Atomic Mass

Protons Neutrons Electrons
elements number number
Copper 35 29
Tin 50 69
53 127
197 79
Zinc 30 35
12 12
Sodium 12 11

16 32
5

Phosphorus 31 15

4Page STC