Unit 7- Inside the Atom

Time Frame 3 weeks

Competencies
C1. Appreciate the contributions of early scientists in the development of atomic theory.
C2. Gain understanding of the structure of the atom

SUB-ATOMIC PARTICLES

Time Frame 2 sessions

I. Learning Objectives
At the end of the session, the students must be able to:
1. Name and describe the sub-atomic particles;
2. Determine the number of protons, number of neurons and number of electrons in
an atom/ion; and
3. Identify the atomic number and atomic mass of a given element.

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic: Sub Atomic Particles

B. References
1. Department of Education, Culture and Sports. (1991). Science and
Technology III. Quezon City: Book Media Press, pp. 66,69, 77.
2. Brown, Theodore l., LeMay, H. Eugene Jr., and Bursten, Bruse E.,
Chemistry the Central Science, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2000, pp. 353-
356.

B. Materials
Concept strips
Data and table

III. Learning Tasks

A. Recall and Motivation
1. The teacher will present the nuclear model of an atom.
2. The following questions will be given:
a. What are three fundamental sub-atomic particles of matter? Describe each.
b. How would you relate atomic number and atomic mass/weight of an atom
to the three fundamental sub-atomic particles?

B. Lesson Proper
1. Activity: (SAS 7-03)
a. Main constituents of the atom
 Particle Symbol Mass (m) Charge (e)
U Kg e.u. Coulomb (C)
Electron e- 0.00055 9.11 x 10-31 -1 -1.602 x 10-19
Proton p+ 1.00728 1.672 x 10-27 +1 +1.602 x 10-19
Neutron n0 1.00867 1.675 x 10-27 0 0

b. Fill in the table with the needed information

Element Atomic Mass Number Number of Number of Number of
Number Protons Neutrons Electrons
Carbon -12 6 12
Carbon -13 6 13
Aluminium 13 14
Uranium 238 92
Chlorine 17 18
Gallium 31 39

YOU MAY END SESSION 1 AT THIS POINT.

2. Discussion / Concept Formation

a. If you know the number of protons in an atom, which other particles
would you automatically know the number of? Why?
b. Which particles account for (a) the charge of the nucleus and (b) the mass
of the nucleus?
c. Given the atomic number and mass number, how would you know the
number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

C. Generalization
1. Modern Atomic theory defines an atom as the smallest particle of an element,
which can enter into a chemical combination.

2. Atomic mass unit (amu) is the basic unit for expressing the mass of individual
atoms. It is equal to the approximate mass of a hydrogen atom, 1.66 x 10 -24g.
where in: A= mass number
Z= atomic number
X= symbol of the element

3. The atomic number is eual to the number of protons, which is also equal to the
number of electrons in an uncharged (electrically neutral) atom.

Z = p+ = e-

4. Mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
of the atom.
 A = p + + n0
5. The number of each sub-atomic particle of an element can be easily identified
if we know the mass number and the atomic number.

D. Application/ Valuing
Arrange the following in increasing order of mass (smallest to largest): protons,
atom, electron, neutron, molecule, nucleus.

E. Evaluation
Fill-up the missing data:

Name of the Element Atomic No. Mass No. Number of

Symbol Z A P +
e- N0
Magnesium Mg 12 12
Zinc Zn 30
Iron Fe 56
Tin Sn 50 69
Radium Ra 226 88

F. Agreement
Read on Isotopes.