Module 2: Light,

Mirrors and
Lenses
Prayer
Learning Competency
Predict the qualitative
characteristics (orientation, type,
and magnification) of images
formed by plane and curved
mirrors and lenses
Why do we see
images in mirrors?
In lenses?
REFLECTION of
Light in Mirrors
It is the BOUNCING OFF of LIGHT
RAYS when it hits a surface like a
MIRROR
Incident Ray
The ray of light
approaching
the
mirror represented by
an arrow approaching
an optical element
like mirrors.
Reflected Ray
The ray of light
which leaves the
mirror and is
represented by an
arrow
pointing
away from the
mirror.
Normal Line
An imaginary
line that can be
drawn perpendicular
to the surface of the
mirror at the point
of
incidence
where the ray strikes
the mirror.
The angle between the incident
ray and the normal line is known as
the angle of incidence, Өi. The angle
between the reflected ray and the
normal is known as the angle of
reflection, Өr.
Types of Reflection
1. Specular or Regular Reflection
Reflection of light on smooth surfaces such as
mirrors or a calm body of water
2. Diffused or Irregular Reflection
Reflection of light on rough surfaces such as
clothing, paper, wavy water, and the asphalt
roadway
Examples of Regular Reflection
Examples of Irregular Reflection
Laws of Reflection
1. The angle of incidence is equal to the
angle of reflection

If the angle of incidence is 60°, then

the angle of incidence is also 60°
Laws of Reflection
2. The normal line, incident ray and reflected
ray lie on the same plane
What do you
notice about the
man in front of
the mirror?

LEFT-RIGHT
REVERSAL
Spherical or Curved Mirror
A mirror in which its reflecting surface is a
section of a sphere.
Concave Mirror

Convex Mirror
Ray Diagramming Techniques
LENSES
What is a LENS?
• a transparent
material made of glass
or plastic that refracts
light rays and focuses
(or appear to focus)
them at a point
Types of Lenses

1.Convex Lenses
2. Concave Lenses
1. CONVEX LENS
• it is thicker in the center
than the edges
• it forms real images and
real images depending on
the position of the object
• Also called Converging Lens
because the light that
passes through it tends to
converge at a particular
point called the focal point
2. CONCAVE LENS
• it is thicker at the edges
than the center
• it forms upright and
reduced images
• also called Diverging
Lens because the light
that passes through it
tends to diverge at a
particular point called
the focal point
Ray Diagramming Techniques in Lenses
CONVEX LENS
Ray Diagramming Techniques in Lenses