UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS

FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING
NAME:
KUBIANGHA EMMANUEL

MATRICULATION NUMBER:
170320037

COURSE TITLE:
PROJECT PLANNING, CONSTRUCTION
METHODOLOGY AND CONTROL II

COURSE CODE:
BLD 414

LECTURER:
PROFESSOR G.I IDORO

DATE:
21 December, 2023.
 LIST AND PROCESSES OF ACTIVITIES OF A ONE STOREY SHOPPING PLAZA

ALONG MEIRAN ROAD, OFF ABEOKUTA – OSHODI EXPRESS WAY, ALMOSHO LOCAL
GOVERNMENT AREA, LAGOS STATE.

SUBSTRUCTUR/FOUNDATION

 SITE PREPARATION AND EXCAVATION

PROCESS
I. Clearing and leveling the construction site.
II. Excavating the soil to the required depth.

PLAN
I. Site excavation plans indication depths and dimensions

EQUIPMENT
I. Excavators for digging
II. Bulldozers for clearing
III. Dump trucks for soil removal

LABOUR
I. Excavator crew
II. Site supervisor

 FOUNDATION DESIGN

Layout and Marking:

PROCESS
I. Marking the foundation layout on the excavated site according to the engineering design.

EQUIPMENT
II. Wooden pegs
III. Corner clamps
IV. Laser level
V. Spirit level

LABOUR
I. Surveyor
II. Site supervisor
III. labor

Trench Excavation:

PROCESS

I. Digging trenches along the marked layout to the specified depth and width, typically wider than the
planned foundation to allow for formwork.
EQUIPMENT
I. Excavator for digging

LABOUR
II. Excavator operator or cre
III. Labor
IV. Site supervisor

Formwork and reinforcement installation:

PROCESS
I. Installing formwork along the sides of the trenches to contain the concrete during the pouring process.
II. Placing steel reinforcement (rebar) within the trenches to reinforce the concrete and enhance the
foundation's strength

EQUIPMENT
I. Concrete mixers
II. Concrete pumps
III. Formwork panels
IV. Formwork supports
V. Vibrators

LABOUR
I. Formwork specialist
II. Concrete works or laborers

Pouring Concrete and Curing

PROCESS
I. Pouring concrete into the formwork to create the foundation. The concrete mix should meet the design
specifications and local building codes.
II. Allowing the concrete to cure and gain strength. This may involve keeping the foundation moist and
protected for a specified period

Backfilling and Waterproofing

PROCESS
I. Backfilling the excavated soil around the foundation after the concrete has cured.
II. Applying waterproofing materials to the foundation to prevent water infiltration.

Building Construction

PROCESS
I. Commencing the construction of the shopping plaza on the completed foundation Inspections:
II. Conducting inspections at various stages to ensure that the foundation meets the design and safety
requirements.
 SUPERSTRUCTURE
 CONCRETE WORKS

Ground and First Floor Slab Construction:

PROCESS
I. Installation of formwork for the slab.
II. Placement of reinforcement (rebar).
III. Pouring and finishing the concrete slab.
IV. Curing the slab to achieve strength.

EQUIPMENT
I. Concrete mixer trucks
II. Concrete pumps
III. Vibrators for compaction

LABOUR
I. Concrete workers or labor
II. Formwork specialist

Beams and Staircase Construction

PROCESS
I. Installation of formwork for beams and staircase
II. Placement of reinforcement
III. Pouring and finishing of concrete for beams and staircase
IV. curing

EQUIPMENT
I. Concrete mixer trucks
II. Concrete pumps
III. Vibrators for compaction

LABOUR
I. Concrete workers or labour
II. Formwork specialist

 ROOF WORKS

Roof Covering Installation

PROCESS
I. Installation of roof trusses
II. Roof covering Installation
III. Attaching roofing tiles
IV. Ceiling Finishes

EQUIPMENT
I. Crane
II. Nail guns
III. Safety harnesses for workers

LABOUR
I. Roofers or carpenters
II. Crane operators

 BLOCKWORK AND RENDERING

Blockwork and Rendering for Ground and First Floor

PROCESS
I. Blockwork and Lintel Walls Construction
II. Rendering of Internal wall Surfaces
III. Rendering to Upper Slab Soffit

EQUIPMENT
I. Spirit level
II. Concrete mixer
III. Scaffolding for rendering and blockwork for upper floors
IV. float

LABOUR
I. Brick layers
II. mason

 METAL WORKS AND ALUMINIYM WORKS

PROCESS
I. Installation of Metal External Doors
II. Installation of Aluminium Casement Windows

EQUIPMENT
I. Screwdrivers
II. Mallet or hammers
III. Level
IV. Power drill
V. Measuring tape

LABOUR
I. Aluminium fabricator for casement window installation
II. Mason for door installation
  MECHANICAL AND PLUMBING WORKS

Installation of PVC pipes

PROCESS
I. Install pipes according to the plumbing layout, ensuring proper slopes for drainage.
II. Secure pipes in place using hang

PLANS
I. Plumbing layout plans indication pipe rout

EQUIPMENT
II. Pipe layers for installing pipes
III. Pipe cutting equipment

LABOUR
I. Plumbers for pipe installation

 ELECTRICAL WORKS

Electric Cables and Fittings Installation

PROCESS
I. Installing Conduits for electrical cables.
II. Pulling and connecting electrical cables
III. Testing for continuity

PLANS
I. Electrical wiring diagrams.
II. Conduit layout plans.

EQUIPMENT
I. Conduit benders
II. Cable pullers
III. Multimeters for testing

LABOUR
I. Electricians
II. Electrical technicians

 FLOORING WORKS

Ceramic Tiles

PROCESS

I. Laying ceramic tiles following flooring plans.

II. Ensuring proper alignment and spacing for aesthetic appeal.
III. Grouting and finishing tiles to create a durable surface

PLANS
I. Flooring designs plans specifying tile patterns.
EQUIPMENT
I. Tile cutters for shaping tiles
II. Adhesives for securing tiles

LABOUR
I. Tile setters for precise installation

 EXTERNAL WORKS

Painting

PROCESS
I. Clean the surface by removing dirt, dust, and grease.
II. Repair any cracks or holes with spackle or filler.
III. Sand the surface to create a smooth and even base for paint
IV. Apply a primer to improve adhesion and create a uniform surface.
V. Use a brush or angled paintbrush to carefully paint along edges, corners, and trim.
VI. Allow the first coat to dry completely before applying additional coats

EQUIPMENT
I. Ladders and scaffolding
II. Rollers

LABOUR
I. Painter
II. Supervisor