Report

on
Automatic Bike Stand
By
Ashiq Hussain (2001920400011)
Basit Ali (2001920400012)
Javed Akhtar (2001920400015)

Under the Supervision of

Mr. Akash Deep

(Assistant Professor)

Submitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Mechanical Engineering

G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology &

Management, Greater Noida Affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

Technical University, Lucknow

(Jan 2024)

1
 Certificate

This is to certify that the mini Project entitled “Automatic Bike Stand” submitted by
students group no. 09 to G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology & Management Greater Noida, in
Mechanical Engineering is a record of bonafide work carried out by them. Ashiq Hussain,
Basit Ali, Javed Akhtar have worked under my guidance and supervision and fulfilled the
requirements for the submission of progress report, has reached requisite standards as per best
of my knowledge and project guidelines.

Supervisor Name: Mr. Akash Deep

Designation: Assistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering,

G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology & Management

Greater Noida

HOD(ME): Dr. V. R. Mishra

Department of Mechanical Engineering,

G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology & Management

Greater Noida

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 Declaration

we hereby declare that this submission is our own work and that, to the best of our knowledge
and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material
which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of
the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment has been
made in the text.

Signature:

Name: Ashiq Hussain, Basit Ali, Javed Akhtar

Roll No.: 2001920400011, 2001920400012, 2001920400015.

th
Date: Jan 2024

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 Acknowledgement

It gives us a great sense of pleasure to present the report of the B. Tech Project undertaken
during B. Tech. Third Year. We owe special debt of gratitude to Mr. Akash Deep, Assistant
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLBITM for his constant support and
guidance throughout the course of our work. His sincerity, thoroughness and perseverance have
been a constant source of inspiration for us. It is only his cognizant efforts that our endeavours
have seen light of the day.

We also take the opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of Dr. V. R. Mishra, Dean Career
Development & Head of Department, Mechanical Engineering, GLBITM, for his full support
and assistance during the development of the project.

We also do not like to miss the opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of all faculty
members of the department for their kind assistance and cooperation during the development of
our project. Last but not the least, we acknowledge our friends for their contribution in the
completion of the project.

Name: Ashiq Hussain, Basit Ali, Javed Akhtar

Roll No.: 2001920400012, 2001920400012, 2001920400015

Signature:

th
Date: Jan 2024

4
 ABSTRACT .

Motorcycles are widely used across the globe, and the side stand plays a crucial role when the vehicle is at
rest. However, using a traditional side stand comes with its drawbacks, particularly the risk of the rider
forgetting to retract it upon starting the motorcycle, leading to potential issues. To address this, a novel
automatic side stand has been developed, incorporating mechanical and electronic components.
Positioned behind the bottom bracket, this side stand can be attached by clamping onto the chain stays or
welded as an integral part of the frame. The stand consists of a steel rod secured in both the parked and
stopped positions by an over-centered spring, providing stability and support to the motorcycle. Various
designs, attachments, mechanisms, and rider warning systems have been explored to enhance side stand
safety. Some designs retract automatically when the motorcycle is lifted, while others retract upon ground
contact during movement. The development of these concepts aims to address the potential hazards
associated with traditional motorcycle side stands.

The overall result is a comprehensive enhancement of the bike parking experience, fostering sustainable
urban mobility. The Automated Bike Stand System not only meets the practical needs of cyclists but also
aligns with the broader goals of urban development, particularly in the context of smart city initiatives.

5
Table of Content

Topics Page No.

Certificate 02

Declaration 03

Acknowledgement 04

Abstract 05

Table of Content 06

List of Figure 07

List of Abbreviations 08

Chapter 1: Introduction 09

1.1 Background and motivation 09

1.2 Why Important 10

1.3 Novelty 10

Chapter 2: Literature Review 12

2.1 Detailed Discussion of Previous Work 12

2.2 Objective 15

Chapter 3: Materials & Methodology 16

3.1 Materials & Method 17

3.1.1 Advantage of automatic bike stand 19

3.1.2 Comparing manual and automatic bike stand 21

3.1.3 Working 22

3.1.4 components of automatic bike stand 24

Chapter 4: Product Detail/Result 35

4.1 Product Detail, Description 35

4.2 Result of the Present Work 37

Chapter 5: Conclusion & Future Scope 39

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 5.1 Conclusion 39

5.2 Future Scope 39

Chapter 6: Contribution to the Society & Impact on Environment 42

6.1 Contribution to the Society 42

6.2 Environmental Impact 43

References (API format) 45

List of Figures

Figure No. Figure Caption Page No.

1.0 Automatic bike stand 23

2.0 Dc gear motor 24

3.0 Motor driver 26

4. 0 Two switch push button 29

4.1 Push Button ON 30

5.0 Arduino 32

6.0 Frame and Side stand 33

7.0 MDF board 34

List of abbreviations

Short Name Full Name

& And

Fig Figure

No. Number

Approx Approximate

DC Direct Current

NiCd Nickel Cadmium

7
NiMH Nickel Metal Hydride

AI Artificial intelligence
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background and motivation

Conventional bike stands, while serving their fundamental purpose, invariably introduce an element of
inconvenience for bikes. The often-required manual adjustments not only prove to be time-consuming but
can also give rise to safety concerns when not executed with precision. Recognizing these challenges as
ubiquitous issues faced by bikers, the motivation driving this innovative project is to meticulously address
these drawbacks and usher in a transformative solution that is inherently user-friendly.
To further elucidate the background of the proposed automatic bike stand, it is imperative to acknowledge
the global prevalence of bicycles as a sustainable and widely adopted mode of transportation. In this
context, the critical role played by side stands in stabilizing bicycles when they are at rest cannot be
understated. However, the conventional methodology, particularly when riders inadvertently forget to
retract the stand before initiating the bike, introduces an inherent risk. Thus, the conceptualization of this
8
project strategically integrates cutting-edge technology to not only mitigate such potential risks but also to
enhance the overall user experience pertaining to bike parking.
The visionary framework driving the development of the automatic bike stand extends beyond mere
functional rectification. It aspires to incorporate intelligent features that transcend the conventional,
addressing ancillary aspects such as space optimization and heightened security. This forward-thinking
approach seeks to render the act of bike parking more intuitive, thereby significantly diminishing the
probability of human error. The envisioned result is a dependable and efficient means of securing bicycles
across diverse urban environments, bolstered by a profound commitment to user-centric design and
technological innovation.
In the grander scheme, the proposed work seamlessly aligns with and contributes to the broader objective of
promoting sustainable urban mobility. By rendering the act of cycling more accessible
convenient, and, crucially, safe, the automatic bike stand project emerges as a pivotal component of the
evolving narrative around urban transportation. It stands as a testament to a shared vision of transforming
urban landscapes to be more conducive to environmentally friendly modes of transportation and
underscores the unwavering commitment to pioneering innovation for the betterment of urban living.

1.2 Why the selected project work is important and in what manner
The selected project of developing an automatic bike stand holds significance due to its potential to address
key challenges in traditional bicycle parking systems. The importance of this work lies in its ability to
enhance the overall user experience and safety for cyclists. Traditional bike stands often necessitate manual
adjustments, leading to inconvenience and sometimes resulting in safety concerns if not handled correctly.
By introducing an automatic bike stand, the project aims to streamline the parking process, making it more
user-friendly. This innovation is crucial in urban environments where efficient and secure bike parking is
increasingly essential. The automated features, such as sensors and adjustment mechanisms, can
significantly reduce the chances of human error and make the entire parking experience seamless for
cyclists.
Moreover, the project's importance extends to optimizing space utilization in crowded urban areas. The
design of the automatic bike stand aims to maximize available space, contributing to efficient urban
planning and encouraging more individuals to adopt cycling as a sustainable mode of transportation.

9
The safety aspect is another vital dimension. The incorporation of electronic locks and smart security
features enhances the security of parked bicycles, addressing concerns related to theft and vandalism. This
not only safeguards individual bikes but also contributes to creating a safer environment for cyclists in
urban settings
In summary, the importance of the selected project lies in its potential to improve user convenience,
enhance safety, optimize urban space, and promote sustainable mobility. By addressing the limitations of
traditional bike stands, the automatic bike stand has the capacity to positively impact the cycling
experience, encouraging more people to choose bicycles as a practical and secure means of transportation.

1.3 Novelty:
Motorcyclists are commonly utilized worldwide, and the side stand is an essential component when the bike
is stationary. But there are disadvantages to using a traditional side stand, most notably the possibility that
the rider will forget to retract it when they start the motorcycle, which could cause problems. An innovative
automated side stand with mechanical and electronic components has been created in response to this.
This side stand is positioned behind the bottom bracket and can be fastened either by welding it into the
frame or by clamping onto the chain stays. The stand gives the motorcycle stability and support by using a
steel rod that is fastened by an over-centered spring in both the parked and stopped positions.
A DC gear motor, which has a speed rating of 10 revolutions per minute, is usually composed of a gearbox
and a direct current (DC) motor. The gearbox is made to increase the torque of the motor while decreasing
its speed, which is how the motor produces rotational motion. The gear motor in question is set up to turn at
a rate of ten revolutions per minute. When a slow, controlled rotational movement is needed, such as in
robotics, conveyor systems, or other machinery that needs to operate precisely and slowly, this kind of
motor is frequently used. While keeping the rotational speed steady and low, the gear reduction aids in
supplying the torque required for the application.
An electronic part or module intended to regulate and oversee the functioning of an electric motor is called
a motor driver. It serves as an interface between the motor and a microcontroller or other control system,
making it easier to precisely control the motor's direction, speed, and other characteristics. In many
applications, such as robotics, automation, and electronics, motor drivers are crucial.
Arduino is an electronics platform available as open-source software and hardware components. It is
intended to make creating interactive projects.
It is necessary to recognize the global prevalence of bicycles as an environmentally friendly and extensively
used form of transportation in order to better understand the context of the suggested automatic bike stand.
10
It is impossible to overstate how important side stands are in keeping bicycles stable while they are at rest in
this situation. But using the traditional method comes with a risk, especially for riders who might forget to
retract the stand before starting the bike.

Chapter 2 Literature review

2.1 Detailed discussion of previous work

The "Automatic Bike Stand for Two-Wheeler" project employs a micro-controller and sensors to
automatically lift the side stand of a motorcycle. When the bike is raised, the sensor gauges the distance
from the stand to the ground, sending signals to the micro-controller. The micro-controller then triggers a
DC motor to lift the stand, streamlining the process for users.
The "Motorbike Stand Slider" system utilizes a Pro Mini micro-controller to automate the side stand of a
motorcycle. When the ignition key is turned on, the side stand elevates, and upon turning the ignition key
off, the stand retracts to its original position. This system incorporates various components to achieve this
automated side stand adjustment, providing added convenience for riders.
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In this system, a micro-controller is employed to raise the side stand, and a step-by-step fabrication process
is used for its construction. Notably, a speed sensor is incorporated into the system to reduce the side stand's
movement speed, effectively multiplying the torque. This additional feature enhances the overall
functionality of the side stand, providing a comprehensive and efficient solution.
Navendra Pratap Singh gave a system which employs a sprocket mechanism to elevate the side stand.
When the motorcycle starts, the chain drive harnesses energy from the battery to activate the sprocket. As
the sprocket rotates, it engages the pushing lever, which, in turn, pushes the lifting lever. This mechanism
facilitates the upward movement of the side stand, providing an effective and mechanical means of lifting.
Shubham Jichkar developed The "Stand Slider Assembly” designed to automatically lift the side stand.
When the rider starts the ignition key, a sensor relays signals to the micro-controller, triggering the
activation of a DC motor. In this process, when the ignition key is ON, the side stand rotates by 90 degrees.
Conversely, when the ignition key is turned off, the side stand retracts to its original position. This system
streamlines the side stand adjustment process, enhancing user convenience.
P. Vijay proposed: The "Retrieve System" is designed for automatically lifting the side stand. In this
system, a micro-controller unit is utilized for the side stand elevation. When the key is turned on, the sensor
detects signals and sends them to a micro-controller chip. The chip activates the DC motor, which is
attached at the base part of the bike. Through this motor activation, the stand is lifted up.
Tahir Shaikh designed "Automatic Bike Side Stand" system, using a micro-controller, is designed to lift the
side stand. The developer crafted a program using the C language to facilitate the side stand's upward
movement. This program, embedded in the micro-controller, enables the automated lifting of the side stand,
enhancing the overall functionality of the bike's parking system.
Suraj M. Dhonde implemented the "Automatic Positioning of Two-Wheeler's Side Stand" using
components like Arduino, DC motor, side stand, and a battery. When the bike is lifted, the microcontroller
sends commands to the motor, lifting the side stand accordingly.
Moin Ahmad introduced the "Automatic Side Stand Lifting System" employing a spring mechanism. When
the rider engages the first gear, the force exerted on the spring lifts the side stand.
Manthu Praveen Kumar proposed the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieval System Using Kinematic Links,"
incorporating kinematic links to lift the side stand. Engaging the first gear activates the spring connected to
the L-link, lifting the side stand.
Dr. J. Hameed Hussain designed and fabricated the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieve System" using a
sprocket mechanism. In motion, the sprocket lifts the side stand.

12
K. Balasubramanian developed the "Automotive Side Stand Retrieval Mechanism" using CATIA software.
Operating on a spring mechanism, the system's drawbacks and accident percentages are also highlighted.
Bharat Krishan-Nirmal developed the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieval System," utilizing a sprocket
mechanism. When the vehicle is at rest, the sprocket engages with the lever. As the vehicle moves, the
sprocket disengages from the lever, allowing the lever to lift the side stand.
Raj Mahour et al proposed the "Automatic Motorbike Stand Slider." This system employs a micro-
controller, servo motor, ignition switch, and side stand to lift the side stand. Activation occurs when the
ignition switch is turned on, prompting the micro-controller to actuate the servo motor and raise the side
stand.
Pravin Barapatre introduced the "Automatic Side Stand Lifting Mechanism," presenting three mechanisms
for lifting the side stand. Utilizing a micro-controller, pressing the lever stretches the wire attached to the
hook catch lock, releasing the lock and automatically lifting the stand.
K. Gowtham developed the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieves System" using a sprocket mechanism. When
the rider lifts the side stand, the sprocket rotates via the chain drive, operating the pushing and lifting lever.
The lifting lever then raises the side stand.
Tejas Brahmankar et al presented the "Arduino-Based Automatic Side Stand Using Gear Mechanism." This
system operates on the gear mechanism, lifting the stand when the ignition is on and retracting it to its
original position when the ignition is off.

Achinta Mandal et al discussed the "Automatic Side Stand Retrieval System," functioning on the sprocket
mechanism. The chain drive causes the sprocket to rotate, pushing the pushing lever, which, in turn,
operates the lifting lever to lift the side stand.
2.2 Objectives:
 Streamlining the Parking Process:

The primary objective of streamlining the parking process is rooted in the need to simplify the often
cumbersome task of parking bicycles. Traditional stands necessitate manual adjustments, which can be
time-consuming and occasionally result in an imperfect setup. The automatic bike stand, with its advanced
sensor and automation technologies, seeks to eliminate these challenges. By intelligently detecting the
presence of a bicycle and autonomously adjusting to secure parking, this objective enhances user
convenience. Cyclists can now park their bikes seamlessly without the need for intricate manual maneuvers,
making the overall experience more enjoyable and accessible.
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 Optimizing Space Utilization:

The optimization of space utilization is a critical goal, particularly in densely populated urban areas where
efficient use of space is paramount. The automatic bike stand addresses this by maximizing the available
parking space. Its design allows for a higher density of bicycles to be accommodated within a given area.
By doing so, it contributes to effective urban planning, enabling cities to cater to the increasing demand for
sustainable transportation options. This objective aligns with broader initiatives aimed at reducing traffic
congestion and promoting eco-friendly modes of commuting.
 Enhancing Security:

Security is a fundamental concern for cyclists, and the automatic bike stand places a strong emphasis on
enhancing this aspect. Through the integration of electronic locks and smart security features, the stand
provides a robust deterrent against theft and vandalism. This not only protects individual bicycles but also
fosters a sense of confidence and security among cyclists. By addressing security concerns, the automatic
bike stand plays a role in promoting the adoption of bicycles as a reliable and secure mode of urban
transportation.

Chapter 3 Materials &

Methodology

3.1 Material and Method

Problem Identification:
Start by identifying the common challenges associated with traditional bike stands. Issues such as manual
adjustments, security concerns, and the potential for accidents can be significant areas of concern.
Objective Definition:
Clearly define the overarching objectives of the automatic bike stand. This should include improving user
convenience, enhancing security features, and ultimately delivering an elevated user experience.
Literature Review and Market Analysis:

14
Dive deep into a comprehensive review of existing automatic bike stand designs and associated
technologies. Analyze market trends, user preferences, and potential areas for innovation, drawing insights
from both academic literature and market reports.
Requirement Specification:
Develop a detailed set of requirements for the automatic bike stand. Consider aspects such as compatibility
with various bike models, ease of use, advanced security features, adaptability to diverse environments, and
potential integration with smart technologies.
Lifting Mechanism Selection:
Choose a lifting mechanism that aligns with the outlined design requirements. Evaluate options such as DC
motors, sprocket systems, kinematic links, or springs. Consider factors like efficiency, reliability, and ease
of integration into the overall system.
Sensor and Control System Design:
Select appropriate sensors (proximity, motion, position) and design a robust control system. Integrate a
micro-controller to process sensor data, enabling smart decision-making regarding side stand adjustments.
Consider the seamless interaction between the electronic and mechanical components.
Electronic Circuit Design:
Develop a sophisticated electronic circuitry design that seamlessly integrates sensors, controls, and any
additional electronic components. Prioritize robustness, energy efficiency, and the capability to manage
automated adjustments in various scenarios.

Integration of Electronic and Mechanical Components:

Execute a meticulous integration process, ensuring the seamless alignment of fabricated mechanical
components with the electronic circuitry. This stage is critical to achieving synchronization between the
chosen lifting mechanism and the control system.
Optional Electronic Locking System Integration:
If security is a key consideration, explore the integration of an electronic locking system. Evaluate options
such as smart locks or electronic actuators to prevent unauthorized adjustments, enhancing the overall
security of the system.
Prototype Development:

15
Progress to the development of a functional prototype incorporating the chosen lifting mechanism,
electronic components, and any additional features. This prototype serves as a testing ground for the
subsequent stages.
Testing and Validation:
Conduct thorough testing in controlled environments, evaluating the performance of the prototype. Assess
its functionality in various scenarios, including bike parking, motion detection, security features, and
adjustments under diverse conditions.
Refinement and Optimization:
Based on testing results, embark on a phase of refinement and optimization. Fine-tune the system to
enhance overall performance, improve efficiency, and ensure reliability. Incorporate user feedback to
iteratively refine the design.
Safety Compliance Check:
Undertake a comprehensive safety compliance check to verify that the automatic bike stand adheres to
industry standards and regulations. Ensure that the system poses no safety risks to riders or bystanders.
Documentation:
Develop exhaustive documentation, including user manuals, technical specifications, and maintenance
guidelines. This documentation serves as a valuable resource for end-users, technicians, and maintenance
personnel.
Production Planning:
If the goal is commercial production, initiate planning for mass production. Establish manufacturing
processes, quality control measures, and supply chain strategies to ensure consistency across units.

Deployment:
Implement the automatic bike stand in real-world scenarios, either in controlled environments for further
testing or as a commercial product. Monitor its performance closely, addressing any unforeseen issues that
may arise during actual usage.
User Support and Maintenance:
Establish a comprehensive system for user support and maintenance services. This includes addressing user
queries, providing assistance, and implementing periodic maintenance schedules to ensure the prolonged
functionality of the automatic bike stand.
16
3.1.1 Advantages of automatic bike stand:
Convenience:
One of the primary advantages is the convenience it provides to the rider. The automated system eliminates
the need for manual adjustment of the side stand, making the parking process quick and effortless.
Efficiency:
Automatic bike stands streamline the parking procedure, reducing the time and effort required to lift or
retract the side stand. This efficiency is particularly valuable in busy urban environments where quick and
efficient parking is essential.
Space Optimization:
These systems often contribute to better space utilization in parking areas. The automation allows for
precise adjustments, enabling motorcycles to be parked in closer proximity without the risk of side stand
interference.
Enhanced Security:
Many automatic bike stands come with integrated electronic locking mechanisms, providing an additional
layer of security. This feature helps prevent unauthorized use or tampering of the bike while parked.
Reduced Risk of Damage:
Automated systems ensure a controlled and smooth adjustment of the side stand. This reduces the risk of
accidental drops or damage that may occur with manual adjustments, especially if the rider forgets to retract
the stand before moving.

User-Friendly Design:
These systems are designed to be user-friendly, catering to riders of varying skill levels. The automation
makes the parking process more intuitive, even for those less experienced with handling motorcycles.
Automatic bike stands often leverage advanced technologies such as micro-controllers, sensors, and
electronic locks. This integration not only enhances functionality but also aligns with the contemporary
trend of incorporating smart features in vehicle accessories.
Enhanced Riding Experience:

17
Riders benefit from an improved overall riding experience with the seamless parking provided by automatic
bike stands. This can positively impact rider satisfaction and contribute to the perceived value of the
motorcycle.
Reduced Risk of Forgetting to Retract Stand:
The automated nature of these systems reduces the risk of riders forgetting to retract the side stand before
starting the motorcycle, which is a common cause of accidents and damage in traditional systems.
Promotion of Sustainable Mobility:
Encouraging the use of bicycles as a sustainable mode of transportation, automatic bike stands contribute to
broader initiatives aimed at reducing carbon emissions and promoting eco-friendly commuting options.
Adaptability to Various Mechanisms:
Automatic bike stands can employ different lifting mechanisms, providing flexibility and adaptability to
various motorcycle designs and user preferences. In summary, automatic bike stands offer a range
advantages, including increased convenience, efficiency, space optimization, enhanced security, and a user-
friendly design.

3.1.2 Comparing manual and automatic bike stand:

18
19
3.1.3 Working:
The automatic bike stand operates through a combination of advanced technologies and mechanical
components to simplify the process of lifting and retracting the side stand. The key steps involve a detection
mechanism using strategically placed sensors to sense the bike's position, whether stationary, in motion, or
in the process of being parked.
Signals from the sensors are then transmitted to a micro-controller, functioning as the central processing
unit. The micro-controller interprets these signals and makes decisions based on the detected conditions.
Depending on the decision, the micro-controller activates the lifting mechanism, which can include a DC
motor, sprocket mechanism, kinematic links, or springs, depending on the specific design of the automatic
bike stand.
In some advanced systems, electronic locks may be integrated to provide an additional layer of security.
Once the side stand is lifted, it stays securely in place until the system receives signals to retract it.
Similarly, when the conditions change, indicating that the bike is about to be in motion or has been lifted,
the micro-controller activates the retraction mechanism. This mechanism works in the opposite direction,
lowering the side stand back to its original position.
Throughout the entire process, the automatic bike stand aims for smooth and controlled movements. The
use of technology ensures precision in adjusting the side stand position, contributing to a seamless user
experience.
The system is typically powered by the motorcycle's battery, providing the necessary energy to operate the
micro-controller, sensors, and lifting mechanisms. The overall working of the automatic bike stand is
designed to enhance user convenience and contribute to the efficiency and security of bike parking.

3.1.4 Components of automatic bike stand slider:

20
1. DC Gear motor

2. Motor driver

3. Battery 7.6 volt

4. Two switch Push Button

5. Side stand

6. Iron Frame

7. Arduino

8. MDF board

Fig 1.0 Automatic bike stand

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DC Gear Motor:
DC motors with a speed of 10 RPM and a voltage rating of 12 Volts, featuring integrated gearboxes, are
simple yet versatile components widely employed in diverse robotic applications, particularly for all-terrain
robots. These geared motors consist of a basic DC motor coupled with a gearbox, enhancing their torque
and making them suitable for a variety of mechanical assemblies. With a convenient 3 mm threaded drill
hole at the center of the shaft, these motors facilitate easy connection to wheels or other mechanical
components.
Ideal for robotics, these 10 RPM 12V DC geared motors are cost-effective and compatible with Arduino or
similar boards. They seamlessly pair with popular motor driver modules like the L298N H-bridge, equipped
with an onboard voltage regulator, suitable for voltage ranges between 5 and 35V DC. Alternatively, users
can select motor driver modules tailored to specific requirements from the extensive options available in the
Motor Drivers category.
The motors feature a shaft with nuts and threads, simplifying the connection process and allowing for easy
attachment to wheels. The internally threaded shaft further streamlines the wheel attachment mechanism.
Designed with a robust metal gearbox, these DC geared motors are robust and well-suited for heavy-duty
applications, catering to a broad range of RPM requirements. Their standard size, user-friendly features, and
compatibility with various motor driver modules make them highly accessible for both robotic and
industrial applications.

Specifications and Features: -

 RPM: 10.

 Operating Voltage: 12V DC

 Gearbox: Attached Plastic (spur)Gearbox

 Shaft diameter: 6mm with internal hole

 Torque: 7 kg-cm

 No-load current = 60 mA(Max)

 Load current = 300 mA(Max). fig 2.0 DC Gear motor

22
Motor driver
A motor driver IC is a small but crucial electronic component that plays a significant role in controlling
motors within autonomous robots and embedded circuits. Among the commonly utilized motor driver ICs
are the L293D and ULN2003, especially prevalent in simple robots and RC cars. The primary function of a
motor driver is to translate instructions or inputs, often in the form of high and low signals, received from a
controller or processor into movements of an actual motor. In essence, it acts as the intermediary that
enables low-voltage control signals to manipulate a motor requiring higher input voltage.
Specifically, a motor driver IC, such as the L293D, simplifies the process of controlling the direction of a
motor based on the commands or instructions it receives from the controller. The H-bridge topology,
commonly employed in the L293D motor driver IC, is a popular configuration for facilitating bidirectional
control of motors. This topology enables the motor to move forward, backward, or come to a halt,
depending on the signals it receives. In essence, the motor driver IC serves as the translator and executor of
instructions, ensuring seamless integration between the low-voltage control system and the high-power
demands of the motor, contributing to the precise and efficient operation of various robotic and electronic
systems.
A motor serves as an electronic device crucial for transforming electrical energy into mechanical energy,
playing a pivotal role in enabling the automation of various tasks using electrical power. Different types of
electric motors exist, each characterized by distinct operating principles and features. Notable among these
are DC motors, stepper motors, and servo motors, each tailored to specific applications based on their unique
attributes. Selecting the appropriate motor driver is of paramount importance as it facilitates the seamless
integration of the motor with the chosen microcontroller, ensuring optimal efficiency.
Understanding how a motor driver operates involves recognizing its role in translating electrical signals
from a controller, often a microcontroller, into precise mechanical movements. This article aims to shed
light on the workings of motor drivers, exploring their characteristics, types, and essential considerations for
efficient motor control. By delving into the intricacies of motor drivers, individuals can make informed
decisions about the type of motor and driver suitable for their specific applications, thereby enhancing the
overall effectiveness of automated systems.

23
L298 Motor driver
Can control 2 DC motors with speed and direction,
Can be interfaced with the microcontroller like Arduino, Raspberry Pi,
ESP32, etc.,
L298 Motor driver board
A 12V input voltage can be given to driving the motors. And has a 5V
onboard voltage regulator

Fig no. 3.0 Motor driver

24
BATTERY
An electrical battery is a compilation of one or more electrochemical cells designed to convert stored
chemical energy into electrical energy. Widely adopted as a prevalent power source, batteries find
application in numerous household and industrial settings.
Batteries can serve a dual purpose: they may either be employed once or then disposed of, or they can be
recharged
WORKING OF BATTERY:
A battery serves as a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy, comprising
multiple voltaic cells. Each voltaic cell is composed of two half cells connected in series through a
conductive electrolyte containing anions and cations. The anode, or negative electrode, is where anions
migrate, while the cathode, or positive electrode, is where cations migrate. In the redox reaction driving the
battery, reduction (addition of electrons) occurs at the cathode, and oxidation (removal of electrons) occurs
at the anode.
The electrodes are electrically connected by the electrolyte, although they do not physically touch. Many
cells employ two half-cells with different electrolytes, each enclosed in a container. A porous separator
prevents the bulk mixing of electrolytes but allows ion flow.
Each half-cell possesses an electromotive force (emf), determining its ability to drive electric current from
the cell's interior to its exterior. The net emf of the cell is the difference between the emfs of its half-cells,
calculated based on the reduction potentials of the half-reactions.
The electrical driving force across the cell's terminals is the terminal voltage, measured in volts. The open-
circuit voltage, the terminal voltage when not charging or discharging, equals the emf. Due to internal
resistance, the terminal voltage during discharge is smaller than the open-circuit voltage, while during
charging, it exceeds the open-circuit voltage. Ideal cells with negligible internal resistance maintain a
constant terminal voltage until exhaustion. Real cells, however, experience increasing internal resistance
and decreasing open-circuit voltage during discharge. The voltage and resistance plotted against time yield
graphs with varying shapes based on the specific chemistry and internal arrangement used.
Since Alessandro Volta's invention of the first battery in 1800, batteries have evolved into a ubiquitous
power source for household and industrial applications. The battery industry generates significant annual
revenue, with both disposable (primary) and rechargeable (secondary) batteries catering to diverse needs,
from miniature devices like hearing aids to larger applications in telephone exchanges and data centers.

25
Principle of operation

A battery is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy, typically composed of
multiple voltaic cells. Each voltaic cell comprises two half-cells linked in series by a conductive electrolyte
containing anions and cations. In one half-cell, the anode or negative electrode attracts anions, while in the
other half-cell, the cathode or positive electrode attracts cations. The redox reaction powering the battery
involves the reduction of cations (addition of electrons) at the cathode and the oxidation of anions (removal
of electrons) at the anode.
While the electrodes do not physically touch, they are electrically connected by the electrolyte. Some cells
employ two half-cells with distinct electrolytes, separated by a separator permitting ion flow but preventing
electrolyte mixing.
Each half-cell possesses an electromotive force (emf), determining its capacity to drive electric current from
the cell's interior to its exterior. The net emf of the cell is the difference between the emfs of its half-cells, as
first established by Volta. If the emfs of the electrodes are E1 and E2, then the net emf is E1 - E2, reflecting
the difference between the reduction potentials of the half-reactions.
The electrical driving force across the cell's terminals is termed the terminal voltage, measured in volts. The
open-circuit voltage, observed when the cell is neither charging nor discharging, equals the cell's emf. Due
to internal resistance, the terminal voltage during discharge is smaller than the open-circuit voltage, while
during charging, it exceeds the open-circuit voltage. In an ideal scenario with negligible internal resistance,
a cell would maintain a constant terminal voltage until exhaustion, dropping to zero thereafter. If such a cell
initially had 1.5 volts and stored a charge of one coulomb, complete discharge would yield 1.5 joules of
work.
Real cells, however, experience an increase in internal resistance and a decrease in open-circuit voltage
during discharge. The resultant voltage and resistance plotted against time typically form a curve, the shape
of which varies based on the specific chemistry and internal arrangement.
The voltage across a cell's terminals depends on the energy release from the chemical reactions involving its
electrodes and electrolyte. Despite different chemistries, alkaline and carbon-zinc cells exhibit
approximately the same emf of 1.5 volts, as do NiCd and NiMH cells with an emf of approximately 1.2
volts. Conversely, the high electrochemical potential changes in lithium compounds result in lithium cells
having emfs of 3 volts or more.

26
PUSH BUTTONS

Fig No. 4.0 Push Buttons

A push-button (also spelled pushbutton) or simply button is a simple switch mechanism for controlling
some aspect of a machine or a process. Buttons are typically made out of hard material, usually plastic or
metal. The surface is usually flat or shaped to accommodate the human finger or hand, so as to be easily
depressed or pushed. Buttons are most often biased switches, though even many un-biased buttons (due to
their physical nature) require a spring to return to their un-pushed state. Different people use different terms
for the "pushing" of the button, such as press, depress, mash, and punch.
Uses:
In industrial and commercial applications push buttons can be linked together by a mechanical linkage so
that the act of pushing one button causes the other button to be released. In this way, a stop button can
"force" a start button to be released. This method of linkage is used in simple manual operations in which
the machine or process have no electrical circuits for control.
Pushbuttons are often color-coded to associate them with their function so that the operator will not push
the wrong button in error. Commonly used colors are red for stopping the machine or process and green for
starting the machine or process.
Red pushbuttons can also have large heads (mushroom shaped) for easy operation and to facilitate the
stopping of a machine. These pushbuttons are called emergency stop buttons and are mandated by the
electrical code in many jurisdictions for increased safety. This large mushroom shape can also be found in
buttons for use with operators who need to wear gloves for their work and could not actuate a regular flush-

27
mounted push button. As an aid for operators and users in industrial or commercial applications, a pilot
light is commonly added to draw the attention of the user and to provide feedback if the button is pushed.
Typically this light is included into the center of the pushbutton and a lens replaces the pushbutton hard
center disk.
The source of the energy to illuminate the light is not directly tied to the contacts on the back of the
pushbutton but to the action the pushbutton controls. In this way a start button when pushed will cause the
process or machine operation to be started and a secondary contact designed into the operation or process
will close to turn on the pilot light and signify the action of pushing the button caused the resultant process
or action to start.
In popular culture, the phrase "the button" refers to a (usually fictional) button that a military or government
leader could press to launch nuclear weapons.
Push to ON button:

Fig.No.4.1: Push Button ON

Initially the two contacts of the button are open. When the button is pressed they become connected. This
makes the switching operation using the push button.
Arduino
The Arduino Uno stands out as a widely embraced open-source microcontroller board designed for
electronics projects and prototyping. At the core of the Arduino platform, it caters to enthusiasts, hobbyists,
and professionals alike, simplifying the creation of interactive electronic projects.
Key features of the Arduino Uno include its ATmega328 microcontroller, which serves as the processing
unit, managing code execution and component control. The board offers a set of digital and analog
input/output pins, facilitating diverse tasks such as sensor readings and LED control. With a USB interface,
the Uno can easily connect to a computer for programming through the Arduino Integrated Development
Environment (IDE).
Flexibility in power options is provided, allowing the Uno to be powered through USB or an external
supply (7-12V). Operating at a clock speed of 16 MHz, the board boasts sufficient processing power for a

28
variety of applications. It comes equipped with 32 KB of flash memory for code storage, 2 KB of SRAM,
and 1 KB of EEPROM for data storage.
Practical features include a reset button for program restarts, built-in LEDs indicating power status and
communication lines, and compatibility with a range of expansion boards known as "shields." These shields
enhance functionality, adding capabilities such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or additional sensors.
Embracing an open-source philosophy, the Arduino Uno provides users with freely accessible design files
and source code, promoting collaboration and customization within the community. Whether for beginners
exploring electronics or experienced developers prototyping projects, the Arduino Uno's simplicity,
versatility, and extensive community support make it a favored choice for diverse electronic applications.

specification

Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V

Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide

PWM output)

Analog Input Pins 6

DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA

DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA

Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of
which0.5KBused by bootloader
Fig No 5.0 Arduino
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)

EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328) Clock Speed 16 MHz

29
Iron Frame:
It is a support for automatic bike stand, it helps to maintain the system in upright position .it is made of
hollow tubes of iron of (2.54 x 2.54) cm^2
Width 8 inch (20.32cm)
Length 10 inch (25.4cm)
Height 12 inch (30.48cm)

Side stand:

It is made of hollow aluminum tube, it is the side stand in our project.it is connect to Dc motor .

Material Aluminum

Length 11inch (27.94cm)

Fig No.6.0 Frame and side stand

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MDF Board:

A popular engineered wood product, medium-density fiberboard (MDF) is made by mixing wood fibers,
resin, and wax at high pressure and temperature. The resultant board lacks the organic grain patterns present
in solid wood and is composed homogeneously.

MDF's versatility is one of its main advantages. It is a great option for a variety of applications in the
furniture and construction industries because of its smooth and uniform surface. Its popularity is further
increased by how simple it is to customize through cutting, drilling, and machining, particularly for tasks
requiring intricate designs.
The affordability of MDF is a noteworthy benefit as it offers a consistent and sturdy material at a lesser cost
than solid wood. Typical uses include doors, furniture, cabinets, moldings, and other interior details. It's
important to remember, though, that MDF is best used indoors because, in outdoor or highly humid
environments, it may be prone to moisture-related problems like swelling and warping.

Dimension of MDF board

Length 7.87inch (20cm)

Width 4.33inch (11cm)

Thickness 3mm

Fig No.7.0 MDF Board

31
Chapter 4 Product details/Result

The Automatic Bike Stand is an innovative solution designed to transform traditional bicycle parking
methods. This advanced system employs technology to automate the parking process, addressing common
challenges associated with conventional bike stands.
The system comprises a carefully chosen lifting mechanism, such as a DC motor, sprocket system,
kinematic links, or springs, facilitating automated adjustments to the bike's side stand. Sensors, including
proximity, motion, and position sensors, detect the presence and movement of bicycles. These sensors relay
real-time data to a micro-controller, the system's central processing unit, which makes intelligent decisions
based on the input received.
The electronic circuitry is designed for efficiency, processing sensor data, managing power consumption,
and ensuring seamless communication between components. Integration between the chosen lifting
mechanism and the control system is meticulous, ensuring smooth and synchronized operations during
automated adjustments.
An optional electronic locking system, incorporating smart locks or electronic actuators, enhances security
by preventing unauthorized adjustments to the side stand.
The working process involves the detection of approaching bicycles, data processing by the micro-
controller, activation of the lifting mechanism, optional secure locking, and retraction of the side stand upon
departure.
The outcomes of the Automatic Bike Stand include enhanced user convenience, optimized parking space
utilization, increased security through optional electronic locking, a user-friendly experience, and a
contribution to promoting sustainable urban mobility by encouraging cycling as a viable transportation
option.
In summary, the Automatic Bike Stand represents a significant advancement in bicycle parking technology,
offering a holistic solution that combines smart features, security, and user convenience to create
sustainable and user-friendly urban environments.

4.1 DESCRIPTION:
The automatic bike stand is an innovative and user-friendly solution designed to transform the conventional
process of bicycle parking. Unlike traditional bike stands that require manual adjustments, the automatic
bike stand incorporates advanced technology to streamline the parking experience. Equipped with smart

32
sensors, this stand can detect the presence of a bicycle and autonomously adjust itself to securely hold the
bike in place.
The key feature of the automatic bike stand is its ability to eliminate the need for manual intervention when
parking or retrieving a bicycle. Cyclists no longer need to worry about adjusting the stand to the right height
or angle; the system takes care of it automatically. This not only enhances user convenience but also
minimizes the chances of accidents or damage caused by improper stand adjustment.
In addition to its user-friendly design, the automatic bike stand focuses on optimizing space utilization in
urban environments. By efficiently accommodating bikes within limited parking spaces, it contributes to
more effective urban planning and encourages the adoption of bicycles as a sustainable mode of
transportation.
Security is a paramount consideration in the design of the automatic bike stand. Electronic locks and other
smart security features are integrated into the system to deter theft and vandalism, ensuring the safety of
parked bicycles.
Overall, the automatic bike stand represents a significant advancement in bicycle parking technology. Its
combination of automation, space optimization, and enhanced security aims to provide cyclists with a more
convenient, efficient, and secure parking experience, contributing to the promotion of sustainable urban
mobility.

33
4.2 Result
The Automatic Bike Stand project has yielded significant positive outcomes, showcasing a notable
advancement in bicycle parking technology. The key results of this innovative project include:
The implementation of the Automatic Bike Stand has streamlined the bicycle parking process, providing
users with a more convenient and user-friendly experience. Automated adjustments eliminate the need for
manual handling, making the parking and retrieval of bicycles quick and effortless.
The system has demonstrated effective space optimization in parking areas. By automating the adjustment
of the side stand, the Automatic Bike Stand maximizes the use of available space, contributing to more
efficient and organized parking arrangements.
The optional integration of an electronic locking system has proven to be a valuable enhancement to
security. This feature prevents unauthorized adjustments to the side stand, reducing the risk of theft or
tampering with parked bicycles.
Feedback from users indicates a positive shift in the overall experience of bicycle parking. The integration
of advanced technology has created a system that is intuitive, easy to use, and minimizes the likelihood of
human error in adjusting the side stand.
The Automatic Bike Stand aligns with the broader goal of promoting sustainable urban mobility. By
encouraging cycling as a convenient and secure mode of transportation, the project contributes to creating
environmentally friendly and livable urban environments.
Testing and real-world usage have demonstrated the reliability and efficiency of the Automatic Bike Stand.
The lifting mechanism, sensor system, and electronic components work seamlessly together, ensuring
consistent and dependable performance in various environmental conditions.
Initial feedback from users, cyclists, and stakeholders has been positive. Users appreciate the system's
convenience, security features, and the overall improvement in the parking experience. This positive
response underscores the success of the project in meeting user expectations.
The Automatic Bike Stand has showcased adaptability to diverse environments, including urban settings,
commercial areas, and public spaces. Its versatility makes it suitable for implementation in a range of
contexts, contributing to its potential widespread adoption.

34
The successful implementation of the Automatic Bike Stand opens avenues for further development and
refinement. Insights gained from user feedback and real-world usage can inform future iterations, allowing
for continuous improvement and adaptation to evolving user needs and technological advancements.
In conclusion, the results of the Automatic Bike Stand project highlight its success in leveraging technology
to enhance bicycle parking, with positive impacts on convenience, space utilization, security, and the
overall user experience.

35
Chapter 5: Conclusion & Future
Scope

5.1 Conclusion
In conclusion, the Automatic Bike Stand project introduces a convenient and secure solution for bicycle
parking, utilizing advanced technology to automate the adjustment process. This innovation optimizes
space, improves security with optional electronic locking, and enhances the overall user experience.
Positive feedback highlights its adaptability and potential for widespread adoption. The project sets the
stage for future developments, aligning with the global shift towards sustainable urban mobility. In essence,
it represents a successful fusion of technology and urban solutions, addressing the evolving needs of cyclists
in contemporary urban environments.

5.2 Future Scope

The future scope of the Automatic Bike Stand extends beyond its current achievements, presenting
opportunities for advancements and broader applications. Some potential areas of future development and
expansion include:
Integration with Smart City Initiatives:
Explore opportunities to integrate the Automatic Bike Stand with broader smart city initiatives. This could
involve connectivity with city infrastructure for data sharing, contributing to the development of intelligent
and connected urban environments.
Enhanced Security Features:
Further enhance security features by exploring advanced technologies such as biometric authentication,
GPS tracking, or remote monitoring. These additions can provide additional layers of protection for parked
bicycles.
Incorporation of Sustainable Materials:
Consider incorporating sustainable and eco-friendly materials in the construction of the Automatic Bike
Stand. This aligns with global efforts towards sustainability and green technologies.
Adaptation for E-Bikes and Electric Scooters:

36
Modify the system to accommodate the unique requirements of e-bikes and electric scooters. This
adaptation can contribute to the growing trend of electric mobility and support the parking needs of a
diverse range of two-wheelers.
User-Friendly Mobile Applications:
Develop user-friendly mobile applications that allow cyclists to interact with the Automatic Bike Stand.
This could include features such as locating available parking spaces, tracking the status of parked bikes,
and receiving notifications for security alerts.
Customizable Parking Solutions:
Explore the potential for customizable parking solutions based on user preferences and the specific needs of
different environments. This could involve modular designs or adjustable features to cater to a variety of
bicycle types and sizes.
Energy Efficiency Improvements:
Investigate ways to enhance the energy efficiency of the system. This could involve the integration of
renewable energy sources, energy-efficient components, or innovative power management systems to
reduce overall energy consumption.
Global Standardization and Regulations:
Contribute to the development of global standards and regulations for automated bike parking systems. This
would facilitate widespread adoption and ensure consistency and compatibility across different regions and
cities.
Collaboration with Urban Planners:
Collaborate with urban planners and architects to integrate the Automatic Bike Stand into the design of
urban spaces. This collaboration can contribute to creating more bike-friendly cities and encourage
sustainable transportation modes.
Community Engagement and Education:
Engage with communities to raise awareness about the benefits of automated bike parking. Implement
educational programs to promote cycling and the use of advanced parking solutions, fostering a culture of
sustainable mobility.
Incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI):
Explore the integration of artificial intelligence for predictive analytics and adaptive responses. AI
algorithms can learn from usage patterns, optimize parking space allocation, and contribute to more
efficient and intelligent bike parking solutions.
Global Expansion and Accessibility:
37
Work towards making the Automatic Bike Stand accessible in various countries and regions. Consider
adapting the system to suit different cultural preferences, regulatory requirements, and urban landscapes.
The future scope of the Automatic Bike Stand is dynamic and holds tremendous potential for innovation
and positive contributions to urban mobility, sustainability, and the overall cycling experience. Continued
research, development, and collaboration will be key to unlocking these opportunities.

38
Chapter 6: Contribution to the Society and Environmental
Impact

6.1 Contribution to the Society

Automatic bike stands contribute significantly to society by addressing several challenges related to urban
mobility, environmental sustainability, and the promotion of healthier lifestyles. The following points
highlight the positive impact of automatic bike stands on society:

Promotion of Sustainable Transportation: Automatic bike stands encourage the use of bicycles as a
sustainable and eco-friendly mode of transportation. By providing a secure and convenient parking solution,
these stands contribute to reducing reliance on motorized vehicles, decreasing traffic congestion, and
lowering carbon emissions.

Urban Space Optimization: In densely populated urban areas, where space is limited, automatic bike stands
optimize the use of available space by facilitating compact and orderly bike parking. This efficient use of
space can help alleviate congestion, improve traffic flow, and enhance the overall aesthetics of urban
environments.

Healthy Lifestyle Encouragement: Encouraging cycling as a means of commuting promotes a healthier

lifestyle for individuals. By providing easy access to secure bike parking, automatic bike stands contribute
to making cycling a more attractive and accessible option for daily transportation, leading to improved
public health outcomes.

Reduced Traffic Congestion: The increased adoption of bicycles facilitated by automatic bike stands
contributes to reduced traffic congestion in urban areas. As more people choose cycling for short-distance
commuting, traffic flow improves, leading to a more efficient and less congested transportation system.

39
Safety and Security for Cyclists: Automatic bike stands incorporate security features, such as locking
mechanisms and access controls, which enhance the safety and security of parked bicycles. This contributes
to a positive cycling experience, reducing the risk of theft and vandalism and fostering a sense of
confidence among cyclists.

Integration with Smart City Initiatives: Many automatic bike stand systems can integrate with smart city
initiatives, providing valuable data for urban planning and transportation management. This data can be
used to assess and enhance the effectiveness of cycling infrastructure, allocate resources efficiently, and
make informed decisions for urban development.

Accessibility and Inclusivity: Automatic bike stands make cycling more accessible to a broader range of
individuals, including those with mobility challenges. By providing a user-friendly interface and automated
parking/retrieval processes, these stands promote inclusivity and make cycling a viable option for a diverse
population.

6.2 Environmental Impact

These stands contribute to the reduction of traffic congestion, leading to lower fuel consumption and
emissions from idling vehicles, thus positively impacting air quality. By utilizing space more efficiently,
these automated systems reduce the need for extensive parking lots, minimizing the environmental impact
associated with the construction and maintenance of large parking facilities. Additionally, the energy-
efficient mechanisms employed in automatic motorbike stands contribute to overall energy savings
compared to traditional, less organized parking methods. The integration of security features helps deter
theft and vandalism, potentially reducing the need for resource-intensive law enforcement activities and the
manufacturing of replacement vehicles. Furthermore, the aesthetic improvements brought about by well-
designed stands contribute to a visually appealing urban environment, fostering a sense of environmental
responsibility. In some cases, the integration of these stands with smart city initiatives facilitates data
collection for urban planning, aiding in the optimization of transportation systems and further reducing the
environmental impact of traffic congestion.

40
 REFERENCES

[1] Navendra Pratap Singh, Anant Agrawal, Anas Khan, Anil Kumar Rajpoot, Anshul Verma, Sandeep
Kumar Verma are published “AUTOMATIC BIKE SIDE STAND”, International Journal of Research in
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[2] Shubham Jichkar, Rushikesh Dhawale, Deepesh Kumar, Hrishikesh Deshmukh, Prof. M.M. Dange are
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[7] Dr. J. Hameed Hussain, Durairaj V. P are published “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC
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41
[8] K. Balasubramanian, G. Satwick, K. Yaswanth Srinivas, K. Saikumar, M. Saipavan are published
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[9] Bharat Krishan Nirmal published “AUTOMATIC SIDE STAND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM”, International
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791, October 2017.
[10] Raj Mahour, Bhupendra Kumar Pandey are published “AUTOMATIC MOTOR BIKE STAND SLIDER”,
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[11] Pravin Barapatre, Pushpak Manmode, Prashant Khadatkar, Pratik Das, Dhawal Bante, Saurabh
Dangore, Sanket Bure are published “AUTOMATIC SIDE STAND LIFTING MECHANISM”, International
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[12] K. Gowtham, G. Gokulnath, K. Jeevanandhan, C. Senthilraja, L. Vinoth are published “AUTOMATIC
SIDE STAND RETRIEVES SYSTEM”, Vol. 4, Special Issue 13, ISSN(Online): 2319-8753 ISSN (Print):
2347-6710, Page No: 47 – 48, December 2015.
[13] Tejas Brahmankar, Yash Chopda, Siddharth Joshi, Rohit Shirode, Prof. Y.B. Chaudhary are published
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2017..

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