BARANGAY NAGSAING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM WITH DATA ANALYTICS

A Capstone Project Presented to the IT Faculty

Of Pangasinan State University
San Carlos Campus
Pangasinan

In Partial Fulfilment of The Requirements

For the Degree of Bachelor

Of Science in Information

Technology

Deciles, John Paul F.

Gutierrez, Nerissa B.

Agas, Josielyn P.

2023
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

This chapter provides an overview of the project, including its context, objectives,

significance, purpose, description, scope, limitations, and definition of terms. The purpose of this

chapter is to give readers an understanding of what the project is about and why it is important.

1.1 Context Of The Project

The context of the project provides an overview about the essential role of effective

management in the modern industrial world, transcending all levels of society. Particularly,

within the local context, the barangay stands as a fundamental unit of governance and community

engagement. This chapter sheds light on the significance of management in a barangay setting,

focusing on Barangay Nagsaing in Calasiao, Pangasinan.

Management is universal in the modern industrial world and there is no substitute for

good management. It makes human effects more productive and brings better technology,

products and services to our society. It is a crucial economic resource and a life giving element in

business. Without proper management, the resources of production such as; men, machines and

materials, money cannot be converted into production. Thus management is a vital function

concerned with all aspects of the working of an organization. Management is a must to

accomplish desired goals through group action. It is essential to convert the disorganized

resources of men, machines, materials and methods into a useful and effective enterprise (Koontz

& O’ Donnell, 2019).

Management is a crucial factor for the success of a business as it provides repeated stimulus

that keeps the factors of production dynamic and life-giving. It is responsible for converting these

factors into production and achieving group goals efficiently. The success of a business enterprise

depends on how economically and efficiently the organization has used its manpower and
physical resources, how effectively it has adapted to the prevailing business environment, and

how far the existing business policies have succeeded in realizing the goals and objectives of the

organization. Efficient operation of a business depends on the ability, experience, skills, co-

operation, zeal, and enthusiasm of its employees, which can be accomplished through proper

motivation and inspiring leadership provided by management. Management establishes a sound

organization structure that is in accordance with the desired objectives and goals, and identifies

who will command whom, who will be responsible for what, and who shall be accountable to

whom. (Prasad, 2019).

In managing a barangay, it is crucial to ensure effective communication and collaboration

among different stakeholders, including elected officials, government employees, community

organizations, and residents. This requires building strong relationships, promoting transparency

and accountability, and engaging in regular dialogue to identify and address community needs

and concerns.

Another essential aspect of barangay management is ensuring effective service delivery. This

includes providing essential public services, such as transportation, waste management, and

public safety, as well as supporting economic development and the well-being of residents.

Managing a barangay also involves effective planning and budgeting to ensure the efficient use

of resources. This involves developing long-term strategic plans, setting priorities, and allocating

resources in a way that maximizes impact and meets the needs of the community.

According to Philippine Atlas 2022, Nagsaing is a barangay in the municipality

of Calasiao, in the province of Pangasinan. Its population as determined by the 2022 Census was

7,060. This represented 7.03% of the total population of Calasiao. The manual process of

managing a barangay Nagsaing can present various challenges that hinder efficient operations.

One common problem is the occurrence of data entry errors, which are prone to happen during
the manual recording of information. These errors can lead to inaccuracies in important

documents and hinder decision-making processes. Furthermore, the manual nature of transactions

and record-keeping can cause delays in processing various requests and applications, such as

barangay clearances or business permits. This can be frustrating for residents and businesses, who

may experience lengthy waiting times and inefficiencies.

The physical storage and organization of records in filing cabinets or boxes can make it

difficult to retrieve information promptly. Locating specific documents amidst stacks of paper can

be time-consuming and inefficient. Additionally, the limited accessibility of manual records can

pose challenges when residents or officials need to access important information remotely or

from different locations. This limitation can impede the overall effectiveness of barangay

operations, particularly in urgent situations or when immediate access to data is crucial.

To address these challenges, many barangays are recognizing the value of digital systems

and technology. By adopting digital platforms, they can streamline their processes, reduce data

entry errors, and enhance efficiency in transaction processing. Electronic record-keeping systems

enable easier and faster retrieval of information, eliminating the need for physically searching

through piles of paper documents. Moreover, digital systems provide the opportunity for remote

access to records, enhancing accessibility for residents and officials alike.

Thus, the researchers will propose Management Information System for Barangay

Nagsaing,Calasiao,Pangasinan that will give safer storage, fast retrieval of files, maintains

reliability and accuracy, and faster tracking of the files. Proposing software for the records is very

useful to the staff, from hand written records and manual issuing of barangay clearance,

certificates and another barangay issuance.

1.2 Objectives Of The Project
The propose project entitled “Barangay Nagsaing Information Management System with

Data Analytics” aims to streamline data management, enhance decision-making, improve service

delivery, foster transparency and accountability, promote community engagement, and optimize

resource management. By leveraging technology and data-driven insights, this project empowers

barangays to efficiently manage information, make informed decisions, address community

needs, and ensure transparent governance.

The researcher specifically aims to materialize the following objectives:

 identify the current manual processes in managing barangay services such as; issuance of

certificates, clearances, and barangay permits of Barangay Nagsaing.

 identify the features of the system that deals with functional and non-functional

requirement

 conduct usability testing of the system with representatives from Barangay Nagsaing,

including officials and residents

1.3 Significance Of The Project

The proposed project’s contribution is to improve the barangay governance by providing

timely and accurate information for the barangay officials, which can support their decision-

making.

This study will benefit the following benefeciaries:

BarangayNagsaing. This study will help the barangay in managing the data andinformation of

the barangay on how those information can be used, issuing of each certificates, permits and

clearance will be easy.

Residents. The processing of your needs will be more accessible and convenient and getting of

clearances etc. will be automated.

Developers. This study will be the guide to identify what are the needs of the barangay, the

processes that are included in the barangay and the importance of automation of the following

processes.

Future developers. The said research will serve as reference and guide to do better output. Every

information of this research is confidential.

1.4 Purpose And Description

The proposed project entitled “Barangay Information and Management System with Data

Analytics” aims to enhance governance and service delivery in the barangay Nagsaing. This will

be achieved through the provision of an automated system for data management and analysis.

The developers provide a centralized repository for barangay information and automates

manual processes such as record-keeping and transaction processing. It also offers enhanced data

security through access controls and encryption. The latter component, the Data Analytics

Module, provides insights into barangay operations by analyzing data collected by the Barangay

Information Management System. This enables officials to evaluate program effectiveness and

plan future initiatives. Overall, the project aims to enhance data management efficiency and

accuracy, enable informed decision-making, promote transparency and accountability, and

improve service delivery to residents.

1.5 Scope And Limitations

The proposed project entitled “Barangay Information and Management System with Data

Analytics” is intended for Barangay Nagsaing. The system has three different user level; Super

Administrator, Barangay Secretary, and Residents.

 The Administrator. This user level has full access to all modules and features of the

system, including the ability to add, edit, and delete records, manage user accounts, and access all

reports and data analysis tools. They can also set up user accounts and assign user roles and

permissions.

Barangay Secretary. This user level has access to the barangay records management

module, where they can manage barangay documents, reports, and other records. They may also

have access to the barangay clearance module, where they can process clearance applications

from residents.

Resident. This user level may have access to specific public information, such as

announcements, public meetings, and public information. They may also be able to submit

requests for barangay services, such as requests for assistance, barangay clearances, and business

permits. They may also have the ability to view their personal records, such as their barangay ID

and other personal documents.

However, the system has some limitations that need to be considered, such as: the

requirement for reliable internet connectivity and hardware infrastructure; the accuracy of the

collected data; the concerns related to maintenance and update; and the privacy issues.

1.6 Definition of Terms

The definition of terms section will provide definitions for any key concepts, variables, or

terms used throughout the project. This section will ensure that readers have a clear

understanding of the terminology used in the project and its significance.

Barangay: In the context, a barangay is the smallest administrative division or local government

unit. It is often referred to as a village or neighborhood and is headed by a barangay captain. The

barangay serves as the primary unit of governance at the local level.

Data Analytics: Data analytics is the process of examining and analyzing large and complex sets

of data to discover patterns, trends, and insights.

Functional Requirements: Functional requirements refer to the specific capabilities and

functionalities that the Barangay Information and Management System should possess to support

the efficient management of data and services within the barangay.

Non-functional Requirements: Non-functional requirements are specifications that define the

criteria for evaluating the performance, usability, security, and other qualities of a system or

software application.

Stakeholders: Stakeholders are individuals or groups who have an interest or involvement in a

project or system. In the context of the project, stakeholders include various parties such as

barangay officials, residents of Barangay Nagsaing, local government units, health agencies, and

disaster risk reduction and management agencies.

Centralized Repository: A centralized repository refers to a single, central location or database

where data and information are stored and managed. Centralized repository is utilized within the

Barangay Information and Management System to store and organize the various data related to

barangay operations, including records, documents, and communication.

Data Security: Data security refers to measures and protocols implemented to protect data from

unauthorized access, alteration, or destruction. In the context of the project, data security is

crucial for ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of barangay information stored

within the system.

Data Privacy: Data privacy involves the protection and proper handling of individuals' personal

information, ensuring that it is collected, stored, and used in compliance with relevant privacy
laws and regulations. In the context of the project, data privacy considerations are important to

safeguard the personal data of residents and officials within the barangay.

Usability: Usability refers to the ease of use and user-friendliness of a system or software

application. In the context of the project, usability testing aims to evaluate how easily users can

interact with the Barangay Information and Management System.

Automation: Automation involves the use of technology and systems to perform tasks or

processes with minimal human intervention. Automation is implemented to streamline and

expedite various administrative processes within the barangay, such as the issuance of

certificates, permits, and clearances.

 CHAPTER II :
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

This chapter provides an overview of the existing literature related to the research topic.

The literature review consists of two parts: foreign and local literature. The foreign literature

includes studies and research conducted outside the country, while the local literature covers

studies and research conducted within the country.

2.1 Foreign Literature

In India, local government certificates, including birth certificates, marriage certificates,

and residence certificates, are typically issued through manual processes. To obtain these

certificates, individuals visit their local municipal offices in urban areas or panchayats in rural

regions. Upon arrival, applicants receive printed application forms tailored to the specific

certificate they require. They must meticulously fill out these forms, providing precise personal

information, family details, and any necessary supporting documents, such as proof of identity or

address (Fadia, 2019).

Once the application form is completed, applicants must submit it to the local

government office in person. The submitted applications then undergo a rigorous verification and

processing phase by local government officials. This entails confirming the authenticity of the

documents provided and conducting any necessary investigations. Applicants may also be

required to pay a nominal fee for certificate issuance, the amount of which varies based on the

type of certificate and state regulations. After approval and successful verification, the local

government office issues the certificate, usually in physical document form. Subsequently,

applicants return to the same office to collect their certificates, presenting an acknowledgment or

receipt obtained during the application submission. Individuals are advised to retain copies of

their local government certificates, as they are often required for a range of official purposes,
such as school admissions, legal transactions, and access to various government services. While

manual issuance remains prevalent in India, certain regions and states in the country may have

adopted digital processes for specific certificate types or are in the process of transitioning to

online issuance, leading to variations in procedures (Fadia, 2019).

The Australian Government is appropriate for the use of the citizen who have access to

information of the state for the reports and also departmental organization for this information for

their business unit. The Barangay Profiling System is responsible for an effective and efficient

approach for barangay employees and residents. It will help them accomplish task faster and also

it eliminates the need of a large staff. It will provide profile-based information on residents. The

interest of investigating the research topic is a good example of a computer generated process,

this can lessen the workload and provides information needed by a resident. As a result, it will

benefit not only the barangay employee but the administration as a whole (Granada, 2020).

The United States Census Bureau is appropriate for the use of every citizen who can

check the state information, everyone has an access in departmental organization. The United

States Census Bureau is responsible for an effective and efficient approach for state information.

The interest of investigating the research topic is a good example of a computer generated

process, this can lessen the workload and provides information needed by a resident. As a result,

it will benefit not only the state employee but the administrations a whole. Information system is

a tool to support information management information systems are increasingly being used in

organizations with the objective of providing competitive advantage. The information system

used by organizations can be grouped into different types such as transaction processing system

management information system decision support system executive information system expert

systems and office information system information technology has heralded the advent of the

information society, the information society may be a virtual society, the concepts of the

electronic classroom the electronic office and electronic library have been explored, information
system poses a number of issues on society in general including changing employment patterns

archiving and bibliographic control security and data protection intellectual property marketplace

issues (Rowley, 2020).

Information system is regarded as a tool to provide various services to different

management functions. The tools have been developing year by year and the application of the

tool has become more and more diverse. In management it is now a very power means to manage

and control various activities and decision making, process access (Shwetadhuri, 2018).

2.2 Local Literature

In the management of a barangay and the issuance of certificates, a comprehensive

manual process is essential to ensure efficient governance and service delivery. This process

begins with the election of barangay officials, including a Barangay Captain and Sangguniang

Barangay members, every three years, ensuring a fair election process. Regular Barangay

Assembly meetings are held to discuss community matters, budget allocation, and plans, while

meticulous record-keeping is crucial for maintaining accurate records of activities, finances, and

resident information. Financial management involves budget preparation and approval, along

with prudent expenditure tracking. For certificate issuance, a clear process is established,

including application, verification, review, and approval. All issued certificates are carefully

recorded, and documents are securely stored, adhering to local regulations. Continuous

improvement is encouraged through feedback mechanisms and personnel training, while

transparency and accountability are upheld by providing public access to information and

conducting regular audits. Compliance with local laws and regulations is essential throughout

these processes to ensure effective barangay management and certificate issuance (Avila, 2021).

Barangay Resident Record Management and Certificate Issuance System it stated that

this study focuses on the records management system of the said Barangay. The Barangay
treasurer/secretary is the one who performs permits, certificates transactions community tax,

business taxes, and other fees. They are also in charge of keeping tracks of the records, capture

and maintain up-to-date records of all issuance transactions and daily, monthly, yearly reports.

They manually handle transactions daily; specially get Barangay clearance, certification, cedula

and permits. Before the accomplishment of the task the constituents who request must undergo a

long process. Same through with storing of files, updating, accessing of data and recording the

expenses, they use folders and log of papers for its storage. The staff encountere difficulties and

long procedure in retrieving and recording file. (Algara, 2018).

This study focuses on the records management system of the said Barangay. The

Barangay treasurer/secretary is the one who performs permits, certificates transactions

community tax, business taxes, and other fees. They are also in charge of keeping tracks of the

records, capture and maintain up-to-date records of all issuance transactions and daily, monthly,

yearly reports. These records are sufficient for various purposes that required an appropriate,

consistent and secured storage of files. The system that they are using until now is a manual

based process for all services to its constituents. They manually handled transactions daily;

specially get Barangay clearance, certification, cedula and permits. Before the accomplishment of

the task the constituents who request must undergo a long process. Same through with storing of

files, updating, accessing of data and recording the expenses, they used folders and log of papers

for its storage. The staff encountered difficulties and long procedure in retrieving, recording,

computing and processing of financial and accounting data. Profiling each household in the

community using information and communication technology could achieve good governance

through E-government as its core. Once profile data are aggregated, essential information could

provide statistics in labor and employment, family income and expenditures, demography by

population and age, water and sanitation, type of housing and education.(Lacasandile, A. D.,

Abisado, M. B., Labanan, R. M., & Abad, L. P., 2020).

 Barangay Management System or e-barangay is a web-based management system which

shall reinvent barangay management from a traditional and centrally dependent unit towards a

more inclusive and citizens-oriented scheme. It essentially aims to streamline existing

administrative processes in terms of requesting documents, filing complaints, and generating apt

and accurate local statistics (Carpio, 2019).

2.3 Summary Of Related Literature

Table 2.3.1 Summary of Foreign Related Literature

AUTHOR/TITLE SUMMARY ADVANTAGE/DISADVANTAGE

Local Government This study describes the manual In the context of local government

Certificates in India process of issuing local government certificate issuance in India (Fadia,

(Fadia, 2019) certificates in India, covering birth 2019), the advantage lies in the well-

certificates, marriage certificates, established manual process, ensuring

and residence certificates. It details access to vital government services

the steps involved, from filling out and legal transactions. However, it's

application forms to verification and marred by its time-consuming nature

collection. The study also highlights and potential procedural variations

the transition to digital processes in across regions.

some regions.

Barangay Profiling This study discusses the Barangay Profiling System in

System in Australia implementation of a Barangay Australia (Granada, 2020) offers

(Granada, 2020) Profiling System in Australia, efficiency gains, streamlining tasks

emphasizing its efficiency in for barangay employees and

providing profile-based information providing improved information

 on residents and streamlining tasks access to residents. Still, its

for barangay employees and implementation faces challenges

residents. related to technology adoption and

potential disparities in digital access.

Information Systems This study discusses the use of In the United States Census Bureau

in the United States information systems, particularly in (Bureau, n.d.), information systems

Census Bureau the United States Census Bureau, to enhance efficiency, reduce errors,

(Bureau, n.d.) provide citizens with access to state and broaden access to state

information and support information. However, the

departmental organization. It disadvantages include the

highlights the benefits of requirement for significant

computerization in streamlining technological infrastructure and

processes. concerns about unequal digital

accessibility.

Information Systems These studies discuss information Rowley (2020) and Shwetadhuri

and the Information systems in a broader context. (2018) underscore that while

Society (Rowley, Rowley (2020) explores the impact information systems offer

2020) and of information systems on society competitive advantages and diverse

Information System and various types of information applications, they also present

Tools in systems, while Shwetadhuri (2018) challenges such as changing

Management discusses how information systems employment patterns, security

(Shwetadhuri, 2018) serve different management concerns, and the complexity of

functions. implementation and management.

Table 2.3.2 Summary of Local Related Literature

AUTHOR/TITLE SUMMARY ADVANTAGE/DISADVANTAGE

Avila (2021) - Avila's study emphasizes the Avila's study offers a comprehensive

Barangay importance of a comprehensive view of barangay management,

Management and manual process in managing a emphasizing the importance of

Certificate Issuance barangay, including the issuance of adhering to local laws and

certificates. It outlines various steps regulations. It advocates for a

in barangay management, such as manual process that covers various

regular elections, community aspects of governance. The

meetings, financial management, advantage lies in its holistic

and certificate issuance procedures. approach and the promotion of

The study underscores the transparency and accountability.

significance of compliance with However, the study's focus on

local laws and regulations for manual processes may limit

effective governance. efficiency compared to automated

systems, and it does not explore

technological integration.

Algara (2018) - Algara's study centers on the records Algara's study centers on the records

Barangay Resident management system of a barangay, management system of a barangay,

Record Management specifically focusing on the specifically focusing on the

and Certificate Barangay treasurer/secretary's role Barangay treasurer/secretary's role

Issuance System in handling permits, certificates, in handling permits, certificates,

taxes, and record-keeping. The taxes, and record-keeping. The study

study highlights the challenges of a highlights the challenges of a

manual-based process, including manual-based process, including

 difficulties in file retrieval and data difficulties in file retrieval and data

recording. recording.

Lacasandile et al. Lacasandile and colleagues suggest Lacasandile and colleagues advocate

(2020) - ICT for that profiling each household in a for using ICT for household

Household Profiling community using information and profiling to enhance governance.

and Good communication technology (ICT) Their approach enables data-driven

Governance can lead to good governance. They decision-making and has multiple

propose that this data could be used applications. The advantages include

for various purposes, including labor efficient data management and better

statistics, income analysis, and planning. However, it may require

education data. significant technological

infrastructure and raise concerns

about data privacy and security.

Carpio (2020) - Carpio's study introduces the Carpio's study introduces the e-

Barangay concept of the Barangay barangay system, aiming to

Management System Management System or e-barangay, modernize barangay management

(e-barangay) a web-based management system through digitalization. This system

aimed at modernizing barangay streamlines administrative

management. It focuses on processes, making services more

streamlining administrative accessible and enhancing data

processes, including document accuracy. The advantages include

requests, complaint filing, and local modernization, streamlined

statistics generation. processes, and improved data

generation. Nonetheless, it may face

challenges during implementation,

and the digital divide could leave

 some constituents disadvantaged due

to unequal access to digital

resources.

The table 2.3.1 and 2.3.2 summarizes the related literature it includes the different studies

from different reliable sources. The first column specifies the study or the objectives of the

project. On the other hand, the second and the last column represents the advantage and the

disadvantage of the said studies.

2.4 Synthesis
The system presented is based on both foreign and local system studies that were made

of their information systems. It has also described the features that are available on the system

that are not available from the other systems.

The current manual processes involved in managing e-services offer the advantage of

personal interaction between citizens and government officials. This allows for direct

communication, clarification, and personalized assistance, which can enhance citizen satisfaction

and understanding of the services provided. However, these manual processes are often time-

consuming, involving lengthy procedures, paperwork, and in-person visits. This can result in

delays and inefficiencies in service delivery, especially for citizens with busy schedules or those

residing in remote areas.

Information systems that deal with functional and non-functional requirements provide

organizations with a competitive advantage. They support information management and offer

various types of systems for transaction processing, management, decision support, and more.

The advent of the information society, driven by information technology, has led to

advancements such as electronic classrooms, offices, and libraries. While information systems
empower organizations to efficiently manage activities, make informed decisions, and improve

process access, they also pose challenges. These include changing employment patterns,

complexities in archiving and bibliographic control, security and data protection concerns, and

issues related to intellectual property and marketplace.

The existing usability testing of the Barangay Management Information System offers

several benefits. It enables record keeping and updating of information, allowing users to easily

search and view records. However, there is a potential disadvantage in the system's susceptibility

to technical accidents or malfunctions, which can lead to data loss or corruption. This can disrupt

record-keeping processes and may require additional time and resources for data recovery or

restoration.

2.5 Gap
The current manual processes in managing e-services allow for personal interaction,

enhancing citizen satisfaction. However, they are time-consuming and can result in delays and

inefficiencies. Information systems provide a competitive advantage but also pose challenges

such as changing employment patterns and security concerns. The existing Barangay

Management Information System enables efficient record keeping but carries the risk of data loss

or corruption. Conducting a gap analysis helps identify areas for improvement in e-service

management.

2.6 Conceptual Mapping

The conceptual mapping to demonstrate the ability to effectively analyze, synthesize, and

present complex information in a visually organized manner. Conceptual mapping serves as a

powerful tool for structuring knowledge, identifying key relationships, and communicating your

understanding of a subject.
 In this project, the developers will explore the power of system mapping as a visual tool

to organize and analyze information within the unique framework of a barangay information and

management system. The primary objective of the Barangay Information and Management

System is to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of administrative processes within the

barangay. By employing system map, the researchers aim to capture and represent the

relationships between different elements of the system. This visual representation will enable a

comprehensive understanding of the organizational structure and interdependencies that exist

within the barangay.

Figure 2.3.1: Barangay Information Management System Map

 In this concept map, the Super Administrator holds the highest level of access and has

overall control and management of the system. They can oversee and manage user accounts,

system configurations, and have access to all features and functionalities within the BIMS. The

Barangay Secretary, responsible for administrative tasks and record-keeping, holds a slightly

lower level of access. They can input and update relevant information, generate reports, and assist

in managing specific aspects of the BIMS.Lastly, the Residents, who make up the community,

have the lowest level of access. They can access specific features of the system tailored to their

needs, such as submitting requests, accessing public information, and communicating with

barangay officials.
 CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter present the proceses used in the development and implementation of the

"Barangay Nagsaing Information and Management System with Data Analytics." It outlines the

systematic approach used to achieve the objectives of the capstone project. The chapter begins by

discussing the requirement analysis, followed by a system framework, tools for data analysis -

use case, erd, data dictionary, technical background, implementation plan, statistical tool, and

network diagram.

3.1 Requirement Analysis

The proposed project aims to improve and create a new system to replace the manual

processing method that they are currently using. But before planning, the old manual process

must be understood, and the requirements must be determined. In the process of collecting and

interpreting facts, diagnosing the problem, and using the information to help the improvement of

the system, it is important to have detailed explanations and descriptions. Before automating a

system under consideration, this must be analyzed. Developers need to gather and study how it

works, what are the problems, and what information are needed to meet the expectation of the

proposed system. The developers must know the problem of the existing manual process.

Moreover Barangay Nagsaing Information and Management System with Data Analytics

aims to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of information management and decision-

making processes within Barangay Nagsaing. The system will leverage data analytics techniques

to provide valuable insights for governance, service delivery, and community development. The

current manual process of managing information and data within the barangay will be replaced
with an automated system to minimize workload, streamline operations, and enhance data-driven

decision-making.

3.2 Hardware Requirements For System Development

Table 3.2.1 Hardware Requirements

Hardware Information Specification

Computer Unit Processor: Intel(R) Core (TM) i5-6200U CPU
@ 2.30GHz 2.40 GHz

Memory 8GB RAM and 128GB ROM

Table 3.2.1 shows the hardware requirements used in the development of the project. It includes

the specification of the computer unit and memory.

Processor .The processor is a critical component for your capstone project. A capable

processor like the Intel Core i5-6200U provides the computing power needed to run development

tools, compile code, and execute tasks efficiently. It ensures that your software development

process remains smooth and responsive, allowing you to work without significant performance

bottlenecks.

Memory. The amount of memory (RAM) in your computer is essential for multitasking

and handling complex software development tasks. With 8GB of RAM and 128GB ROM, you

have sufficient memory to run integrated development environments (IDEs), virtual machines for

testing, and various software tools simultaneously without causing your system to slow down.

This is crucial for a capstone project that involves coding, debugging, and testing multiple

components of your software.

3.3 Software Requirements For System Development
SOFTWARE INFORMATION SPECIFICATION
Windows Operating System Microsoft 11 update
Database MySQL
Web Technologies HTML, CSS, and Bootstrap
Programming Language PHP and Javascript
Web Browser Google Chrome/ Firefox/ Microsoft Edge
Open-source cross-platform XAMPP
Table 3.3.2 Software Requirements.

Software Requirement specifies the software requirements use in developing a Barangay

Nagsaing Information and Management System with Data Analytics.

Windows Operating System . The choice of the operating system for this capstone

project is Windows 11 or its updates. This decision is made based on the specific requirements of

the project and the familiarity of the team with this environment. If the project demands

Windows-specific features or software, using Windows 11 ensures compatibility and access to

necessary tools.

Database. The capstone project requires a reliable database system to store and manage

data efficiently. MySQL, as an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS),

has been selected. MySQL is well-suited for handling structured data and allows for efficient data

retrieval and manipulation, which is essential for the success of the project.
 Programming Languages. PHP and JavaScript are the chosen programming languages

for this capstone project. PHP will handle server-side logic, while JavaScript will be used for

client-side interactivity and enhancing user experience. These languages together provide the

necessary functionality for dynamic web applications.

Web Technologies .The project relies on HTML for structuring web content, CSS for

styling and layout, and Bootstrap for responsive design and rapid development. These

technologies collectively contribute to an appealing and user-friendly interface. HTML ensures

proper document structure, CSS controls the visual presentation, and Bootstrap streamlines the

design process, allowing for the creation of a modern and responsive web application.

Web Browsers.The capstone project mandates testing and validation of the web

application across various web browsers to ensure a consistent user experience. Google Chrome,

Firefox, and Microsoft Edge have been selected as the target browsers for testing purposes. This

approach guarantees that the web application functions correctly and displays properly across a

broad user base.

Open-source cross-platform. XAMPP serves as the local development environment for

this capstone project. It includes Apache (a web server), MySQL (a database server), PHP, and

Perl. The team has chosen XAMPP for its ability to streamline the setup of a development server

environment on Windows. This simplifies the development and testing process, particularly when

working with PHP, JavaScript, HTML, CSS, and MySQL, as it bundles these essential

components together.

3.4 System Framework

Agile software methodology is a collection of process models that are repeated and

incremental. It is thought to be the most adaptable and maneuverable in circumstances with

unknown requirement requirements. In contrast to other process models in which high formality

is required and specifications are expected to be known and verified prior to the start of design,

Agile models allow the use of increments or possible prototypes that can evolve into more

suitable and validated requirements and, eventually, a software application. It is defined as a

development pattern that promotes customer satisfaction and early incremental delivery of

operational software, small, highly motivated project teams, informal methodologies, limited

software engineering work items, and overall development simplicity by Pressman.

Agile process models are not entirely independent of traditional process models; in fact,

the majority of Agile models are flexible derivations or modifications of the old method. There

are multiple emerging Agile process models for various design situations that are flexible,

incremental, and repeating in nature. The developers are employing the SCRUM Agile process

methodology for this project because it supports object-oriented software design. Moreover, this

research utilizes an agile framework. This framework is lightweight as the rules and practices are

kept to a minimum. This methodology focuses on creating applications in minimal increments

where every individual increment is tested to ensure the quality of the product before is consider

compete (Mendix Technology, 2021).

Model of the SCRUM Process

Figure 3.4.2 Agile Scrum Methodology

It is a model of an Agile process that includes the following activities: requirements,

analysis, design, evolution, and delivery. Scrum stresses the application of a set of software

process principles that have been shown to be effective for projects with short deadlines,

changing requirements, and business criticality. The Backlog is a prioritized collection of project

requirements or features that bring business value to the customer. Sprints are work units that are

required to satisfy a requirement indicated in the backlog while fitting inside a predefined time

box.

The Scrum team holds short meetings every day, and a team leader, also known as the

Scrum Master, leads the meeting and evaluates each person's responses. Demos are also

performed, which are software increments shown to clients so that implemented functionality can

be demonstrated and reviewed by the customer.

 Product Backlog. The high-level requirements are finalized based on end user

perspective/opinions; hence it is called user stories. These user stories are being broken down into

tasks until the developers can no longer do so. The Product Owner creates this in a document

called the product backlog in collaboration with the customer. All the stories/ tasks are

prioritized.

The product backlog is a prioritized list of features, functionalities, and user stories that

define the scope of the project. It represents the customer's requirements and serves as a single

source of truth for the Scrum team to know what needs to be done. According to the "Scrum

Guide" by Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland (2018), the product backlog helps in managing

scope, identifying project priorities, and ensuring that the team works on the most valuable items

first.

The developers use the product backlog that serves as the foundation of the Agile Scrum

process. It encapsulates the high-level requirements and user stories derived from end-user

perspectives and opinions. Prioritization of these stories ensures that the most valuable features

are addressed first. Maintaining a product backlog helps the developers manage scope, identify

project priorities, and guides the team in focusing on customer needs. By constantly refining and

updating the product backlog, the Agile Scrum methodology fosters responsiveness to changing

requirements, leading to a product that truly meets customer expectations.

Sprint Planning. This is done during the sprint time, which means that the Sprint is the

predetermined length and order of events that must be accomplished in all necessary ways to

reach the product goal. In the first procedure, the product backlog contains items chosen for

development by the developers. It will also be included in sprint planning, which will be handled

collaboratively by the product owner and the scrum team. The layout design must be completed

during the Sprint; interview recommendations and suggestions will be approved for product
development during the sprint planning, which has a maximum of twenty four (24) hours per

day, depending on the deadline.

According to the “The Scrum Guide” by Schwaber, Ken, and Jeff Sutherland 2020, A

Sprint Planning meeting is a key event in the Scrum framework used in Agile project

management. It is a collaborative meeting where the Scrum Team plans and discusses the work to

be done during the upcoming Sprint, which is a time-boxed period typically lasting 1-4 weeks.

The main objectives of the Sprint Planning meeting are to define what work will be completed

during the Sprint, how it will be done, and to establish a shared understanding among team

members

During the meeting, the Scrum Team reviews the Product Backlog (a prioritized list of

work items or user stories) and selects the items to be included in the Sprint Backlog (the subset

of items to be completed during the Sprint). The team also decomposes these items into smaller

tasks, estimates the effort required, and discusses how the work will be accomplished.

Sprint Backlog. After prioritization, these tasks are broken up into sprints in the sprint

backlog. There will be a set of tasks for each sprint. Planning a sprint involves doing this. The

created document is known as a sprint backlog. The Scrum team is solely responsible for the

sprint backlog. The exact tasks that the Scrum team commits to accomplishing during a sprint are

listed in the sprint backlog, which is a subset of the product backlog. It is developed during the

sprint planning session and acts as a schedule for the tasks that must be accomplished.

The sprint backlog, according to Scrum: The Art of Doing Twice the Work in Half the

Time by John Agileton (2021), plays a pivotal role in Agile Scrum by transforming prioritized

tasks from the product backlog into actionable items for each sprint. The sprint backlog is

important in Agile Scrum. It turns priority tasks from the product backlog into things to do for

each sprint.
 Created during sprint planning, it helps the developers to know what to do and work

together better. It is like a roadmap for tasks, making sure that the developers focus on their

goals. This makes planning, using resources, and reaching targets easier.

Sprint Review. Which is the second to last item on the sprint backlog's timeframe. It is

the product's working review session. This section is entirely concerned with examining the

improvements and potential adaptations that have occurred.

Agile and Scrum is a crucial event that occurs at the end of each sprint or development

iteration. It serves as an opportunity for the Scrum Team, stakeholders, and the Product Owner to

come together and inspect the work that has been completed during the sprint.

The provided statement accurately describes the second to last item on the Sprint

Backlog's timeframe, which is the Sprint Review. This event is indeed concerned with examining

improvements and potential adaptations that have occurred during the sprint. Additionally, the

statement correctly emphasizes that the Sprint Review is a crucial event at the end of each sprint

where the Scrum Team, stakeholders, and the Product Owner collaborate to inspect the completed

work.

Sprint Retrospective. This final step is intended to plan strategies to improve the

product's effectiveness and quality. This meeting serves as a platform for the Scrum Team to

collectively reflect on their recent work, assess what went well and what could be improved, and

formulate actionable plans for enhancement. Led by the Scrum Master, it encourages open and

honest dialogue among team members, fostering a culture of continuous learning and

adaptability.

According to the “The Scrum Guide” by Schwaber, Ken, and Jeff Sutherland 2020, A

Sprint Retrospective is a crucial event in the Scrum framework used in Agile project

management. It is a dedicated meeting held at the end of each Sprint, where the Scrum Team
reflects on the previous Sprint and discusses ways to improve its processes, teamwork, and

product development. The primary objective of the Sprint Retrospective is to identify strengths

and weaknesses in the team's performance and find actionable improvements for the next Sprint.

During the Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team examines what went well during the

Sprint (the "pluses" or "good things") and what could have been done better (the "deltas" or

"things to change"). The team collaboratively discusses these points and decides on specific

actions to implement in the next Sprint to enhance productivity and product quality.

As with all things project management, there’s no shortage of terminology when working

in Scrum. As you familarise yourself with the method, here are some of the key terms you will

come across:

Daily standup . A Daily Standup, also known as a huddle or daily scrum, is a brief and

daily team meeting commonly practiced in Agile and Scrum methodologies.

During a Daily Standup, team members gather to provide concise updates on their progress,

intentions for the day, and to discuss any obstacles they may be facing.

The Daily Standup, often referred to as the daily scrum or huddle, serves several crucial

functions within Agile and Scrum methodologies. Firstly, it fosters open and transparent

communication among team members, ensuring that everyone is well-informed about ongoing

work and project status. Secondly, it acts as a rapid response system for identifying and

addressing obstacles or impediments, preventing potential delays in the project. Thirdly, it instills

a sense of individual and collective accountability, as team members publicly commit to their

daily goals, fostering a culture of responsibility.

Scrum master. A Scrum Master is a pivotal role within the Scrum framework, essential

for ensuring the smooth application of Agile principles and methodologies.

 A Scrum Master is a skilled facilitator and coach who leads a Scrum team through the

agile development process. This role involves guiding the team in adhering to the rules and

processes of Scrum, a popular Agile methodology. The Scrum Master's primary duties include the

removal of impediments or obstacles that hinder the team's progress, actively collaborating with

the Product Owner to optimize the return on investment (ROI), and offering coaching, mentoring,

and training to team members as required. This role is critical in fostering a culture of continuous

improvement and self-organization within the team, helping them achieve their goals effectively

while adhering to Agile principles.

The Scrum Master's role is pivotal within Scrum for several reasons. Firstly, they act as a

guardian of the Scrum process, ensuring that the team adheres to its principles and rules,

promoting consistency and discipline. Secondly, by identifying and removing impediments, the

Scrum Master helps maintain a productive and efficient work environment, preventing issues

from becoming roadblocks. Collaboration with the Product Owner ensures that the team's efforts

are aligned with the project's objectives, maximizing ROI.

Product Owner. A Product Owner is a pivotal role within the Agile framework,

representing the customer or key stakeholders in a project.

A Product Owner serves as the voice of the customer or stakeholder in Agile

development. This role involves active involvement throughout the project's lifecycle, with

responsibilities that include conveying the overarching vision of the product, defining and

prioritizing the items in the product backlog, and providing timely feedback on the work

accomplished after every Sprint. The Product Owner plays a central role in aligning the

development team with customer needs and ensuring that the delivered product meets those

requirements.
 The Product Owner role is crucial in Agile for several reasons. Firstly, they act as a

bridge between the development team and the customer or stakeholders, effectively

communicating the vision and objectives of the project. This ensures that the team's efforts are

aligned with the overarching goals, optimizing the return on investment. Secondly, by defining

and prioritizing items in the product backlog, the Product Owner helps maintain a clear focus on

delivering the most valuable features first, which is essential for project success.

Scrum Team. A Scrum Team is a fundamental component of the Scrum framework,

responsible for the implementation of the product.

A Scrum Team is a cross-functional and self-organizing group of individuals responsible

for the development and delivery of a product. Typically, a Scrum Team consists of up to seven

members, a size chosen to maintain flexibility and productivity. These teams have recently

transitioned from being merely self-organizing to becoming self-managing. This means that the

team has the autonomy to collectively decide how to allocate tasks, responsibilities, and

workflow internally, including determining who does what, when, and how.

The Scrum Team's significance lies in its ability to work cohesively and autonomously to

accomplish project objectives effectively. By being cross-functional, a team can bring diverse

skill sets to the table, enhancing adaptability and problem-solving. Limiting the team size to

approximately seven members facilitates effective communication and decision-making. The

shift towards self-management acknowledges that the team is best suited to decide how to

organize and allocate tasks efficiently.

As a result, using this agile scrum methodology, it is feasible to provide products of the

greatest quality and value while also addressing difficult adaptive problems.

3.5 Tools For Data Analysis - Use Case, Erd, Data Dictionary

Manage System

Register

Approve
 Figure 3.5.3Use Case Diagram
The use – case diagram shows how the three actors to include the Super Admin,

Barangay Secretary, and Barangay Resident interact with the e-Barangay System. The Super

Administrator can oversee and manage user accounts, system configurations, and have access to

all features and functionalities within the BIMS. The barangay chairman at the same time system

administrator manages the system users. He will approve resident’s registration. A notification

will be sent to the barangay chairman account when there are pending transactions to be

processed. He can also view and generate reports through the system. The barangay secretary will

be in – charge of the receiving, process and properly recording of incoming requests and

complaints. She must also notify residents on the status of request and complaints. Barangay

residents can file complaints and requests online and register their own profile for proper

recording.

3.6 Entity Relationship Diagram

 This part explains every relationship between table’s entity and attributes. Each table has

a definition that connects every table, both its primary key and foreign key. Use foreign key if

the attributes of the one table have a unique id and foreign key will be identified when the other

attributes are in the other table. Each attribute connects in performing every process.
Figure 3.6.4. Entity Relationship Diagrams
 The Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) represents multiple entities, each designed to

store specific types of information. The "Announcements" entity holds data related to

announcements, including their category, content, date, and intended recipients. Similarly, the

"Blotter Reports" entity stores information about various reports, such as their type, content,

status, and creation/update timestamps. The "Certificate Requests" entity is used for managing

requests for certificates, recording details like document ID, certificate type, requester's

information, and purpose. "Inventory Drugs" tracks drug inventory, recording data such as drug

names, quantities, descriptions, and expiration dates. The "Inventory Drugs Release" entity

documents the release of drugs from inventory, including the quantity and date. The "Resident

Data" entity appears to store comprehensive resident information, covering demographics, living

conditions, and personal details. "Resident Vaccinated" records vaccination data for residents,

associating them with vaccination dates and types. "Service Requests" entity maintains records of

service requests made by residents, including request types, requester information, and purpose.

Lastly, the "User Data" entity seems to manage user accounts, storing user IDs, names,

usernames, and passwords.

3.7 Data Dictionary

Below is the overall data dictionary of the system’s database. This includes the field

name, data type , field length and constrain.

Table 3.7.1: Announcement

Column Type Description

announce_id (Primary) int(20) This is the id or the pointer for announcement.

The category represent what is the type of

category varchar(50)
specific announcement.
This include the what and why of the
announcement varchar(500)
announcement.
date date The when of announcement.
receiver varchar(20) The who of announcement

Table 3.7.2: Blotter reports

Column Type Description
The primary data for blotter which hold the
id (Primary) int(10) unique ID and the pointer.
The name of the person who
name varchar(50) reports/blotter/complains.

report_type varchar(20) The report type of complaint.

report varchar(1500) The report itself.

The status where identifier if the complaint is
status varchar(20) pending, investigating, or resolved

createe datetime(6) When is the complaint created at.

updatee datetime(6) When is the complaint latest update.

Table 3.7.3: Certificate requests

Column Type Description
This holds the primary key of this table.
docID (Primary) int(11)

This specify what type of documents are

certificate_type varchar(20) requested.
name varchar(50) This specifies who requested the documents.
This specifies what is the purpose why they
purpose varchar(75) request the document.
This specifies what is the gender of the
gender varchar(20) requestor
This specifies what is the civil status of the
civil_status varchar(20) requestor
This specifies what is the address of the
address varchar(70) requestor
This specifies what is the birthplace of the
birthplace varchar(40)
requestor
This specifies what is the birthday of the
birthday date
requestor
This specifies what is the year of residency of
years_of_residency varchar(40) the requestor
Table 3.7.4: Inventory drugs
Column Type Description
This specifies the primary key of the table and
drug_ID (Primary) int(11)
also the pointer
drug_Name varchar(250) This specifies the name of the drugs.
unit_ID int(11) This specifies the unit id of the drugs.
drug_Qnty int(11) This specifies the quantity of the drugs.
drug_Description varchar(250) This specifies the description of the drugs.

drug_Expiration_Date date This specifies the exipiration date of the drugs.

Table 3.7.5: Inventory drugs release

Column Type Description

drgrelease_ID (Primary) int(11) This specifies the primary key for the table.
This specifies the foreign key for the resident
res_ID int(11)
data such as their name.
This specifies the foreign key for the table
drug_ID int(11)
drug inventory data.
This specifies the drug quantity for the
drgrelease_Qnty int(11)
releasing.
drgrelease_Date_Record timestamp This specifies when the drug is released.

Table 3.7.6: Resident data

Column Type Description
ID (Primary) int(10) This specifies the primary key for the table.
lname varchar(20) This specifies the last name of the resident.
fname varchar(20) This specifies the first name of the resident.
mname varchar(20) This specifies the middle name of the resident.
bday varchar(20) This specifies the birthday of the resident.
sitio varchar(20) This specifies where sitio does the resident live.
This specifies the household number of the
housenum int(5)
resident
btype varchar(10) This specifies what blood type of the resident.
age varchar(10) This specifies the age of the resident.
This specifies the stay time on the barangay of
staytime int(10)
the resident.
religion varchar(20) This specifies the religion of the resident
This specifies the highest educational attainment
eattain varchar(20)
of the resident.
This specifies the what type of ownership on
landown varchar(20)
their land of the resident.
wateruse varchar(20) This specifies the what type of water use they
 are using of the resident.
gender varchar(3) This specifies what gender of the resident.
This specifies where is the birthplace of the
birthplace varchar(20)
resident.
This specifies what is the marital status of the
marstatus varchar(10)
resident.
zonenum int(10) This specifies the zone number of the resident.
This specifies the total household member of the
totalnum varchar(10)
resident.
This specifies what occupation does resident
occupation varchar(20)
have.
This specifies the monthly income of the
monthincome varchar(20)
resident.
This specifies the ownership of the house the
houseown varchar(10)
resident is living.

Table 3.7.7: Resident vaccinated

Column Type Description
This specifies the primary key for this table.
vac_ID (Primary) int(11)
This specifies the foreign key for the resident
res_ID int(11)
data such as their name.
vac_Date date This specifies when does the vaccine injected.
This specifies the vaccine date record.
vac_Date_Recorded timestamp

vac_Name varchar(80) This specifies the vaccine name.

Table 3.7.8: Resident User Account

Column Type Description
int(20) This specifies the primary key for this table.
res_ ID
varchar(20) This specifies the first name of the resident.
fname
varchar(20) This specifies the middle name of the resident.
mname

varchar(20) This specifies the last name of the resident.

lname

varchar(20) This specifies the user name of the resident.

username
varchar(20) This specifies the password of the resident.
password
3.8 Technical Background

The developers talk about the technology they're going to utilize and explain all of the

technological developments for the proposed system. This section specifies the specific

requirements that the system must meet. The hardware and software required to make the system

work properly are two of the most important parts of system development. This section discusses

the technologies use, as well as the hardware and software requirements that are taken into

account when developing the project. The hardware specification referred to the requirement for

the system to be implemented while the organization specification referred to the application

software use in the system creation.

To create the system, the developers choose PHP’s latest version 8.2, a new version of

React Native, 0.70.0, and JavaScript 13th current version, as the programming language. MySQL

version 8.0.33 is also used which serves as the Database Management System that holds the data

enter in the system.

PHP’s considering is the most applicable and recommended language for developing a

system. PHP is a server-side scripting language. This is used to develop Static websites or Web

Applications. PHP stands for Hypertext Pre-processor, which earlier stood for Personal Home

Pages. PHP scripts can only interpret on a server that has PHP install.

PHP is a server-side scripting language that is embedded in HTML. It is used to manage

dynamic content, databases, session tracking, and even build entire e-commerce sites. It is

integrated with several popular database, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Sybase,

Informix, and Microsoft SQL server. PHP mainly focuses on server-side scripting, so one can do

anything any other CGI program can do, such as collect form data, generate dynamic page

content, or send and receive cookies. But PHP can do much more.
 React Native is a well-known open-source framework for developing a mobile

application that enables cross-platform development, efficiency and productivity, and native

performance. To bridge the gap between native code and JavaScript, it has a hot-reloading

functionality, pre-built components and libraries, and native components and APIs. React Native

offers a seamless and responsive user experience, a big developer community, low cost, and code

reusability. It enables the developers to create apps for many platforms with a single codebase,

eliminating duplication and enhancing code reuse.

JavaScript is a flexible programming language that may be used for front-end and back-

end development. It has widespread acceptance and resources, as well as web compatibility and a

robust ecosystem of libraries, frameworks, and tools. All recent web browsers support it natively,

making it a good alternative for web-based. JavaScript is a fantastic choice for rapid prototyping

and iterative development, API and service integration, industry relevance, and career

opportunities. JavaScript allows users to quickly construct functioning prototypes and iterate on

ideas because of its versatility and ease of use. It also offers solid support for dealing with APIs

and third-party services.

The developers also use XAMPP a free and open-source web server solution that offers a

local development environment, simple installation and configuration, cross-platform

compatibility, and MySQL database management. XAMPP is a web development environment

that includes MySQL databases, PHP scripting, testing and debugging, collaboration and

presentation, and community services. Also provided is PhpMyAdmin which gives GUI tool for

managing your MySQL databases.

3.9 The Proposed Implementation Plan

 The proposed implementation plan for the proposed system begins with defining the

objectives and requirements. This involves identifying the specific goals of the system and

determining the functionalities needed to achieve those objectives. It is crucial to involve key

stakeholders such as Barangay officials, staff, and residents in order to gather their input and

ensure the system meets their needs.

Conducting a feasibility study is the next step, which assesses the viability of

implementing the proposed system. Factors such as cost, available resources, and technical

capabilities are taken into account. Potential challenges and risks are identified during this phase,

and strategies are developed to mitigate them. The timeline and budget for the implementation are

also determined.

A project team is assembled, consisting of skilled individuals from relevant departments

such as IT, administration, and community representatives. The team is led by a project manager

who oversees the implementation and coordinates tasks.

System design and development come next. Collaborating with the project team and

stakeholders, the system architecture and functionalities are designed. A detailed technical

specification document is created, outlining system requirements, database design, user

interfaces, and integration points. The development process is divided into manageable phases or

modules to ensure incremental progress.

Procurement and installation follow, where the necessary hardware and software

resources are identified and acquired. This includes servers, computers, networking equipment,

and database systems. Installation and configuration of the software components are performed to

ensure compatibility and optimal performance.

Data migration and integration are crucial steps to ensure a smooth transition to the

proposed system. Existing data sources are analyzed, and a migration strategy is developed to
transfer the data to the new system. Integration methods are established to synchronize

information from other relevant systems, such as voter databases or citizen registration systems.

Data cleansing and validation processes are implemented to ensure accuracy and integrity.

Customization and testing are carried out to tailor the proposed system to the specific

needs and workflows of the Barangay. Thorough testing is conducted to identify and resolve any

bugs, errors, or performance issues. Feedback from end-users is gathered during the testing

process to make necessary adjustments.

User training and documentation are essential to ensure effective utilization of the

proposed system. Comprehensive training sessions are provided to Barangay staff members,

educating them on system functionalities, processes, and troubleshooting guidelines. User

manuals and documentation are developed to serve as references. Workshops or seminars are

organized to promote understanding of the system's benefits and best practices.

Rollout and adoption involve planning a phased implementation strategy, ensuring a

smooth transition from the existing systems to the proposed system. Effective communication of

the implementation plan to all stakeholders is crucial. Their cooperation and support are sought

during this stage. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of system usage and feedback gathering

help address usability or performance concerns.

Ongoing support and maintenance are essential to keep the proposed system operational

and up-to-date. A dedicated support team is established to address user queries, provide technical

assistance, and perform system maintenance. Regular updates and upgrades are carried out to

incorporate new features, enhancements, and security patches. Periodic reviews are conducted to

assess the system's effectiveness and identify areas for improvement.

3.10 Statistical Tool

 Statistics in this study and practice of advancing human knowledge through quantitative

analysis of empirical data. It is based on statistical theory which is an application of Mathematics.

In which, statistical tools are tools used for data collection and analysis in research methodology.

This also includes the scaling system, which was used by developers as a technique to monitor

the respondent’s interpretation of the facts. The developers used weighted arithmetic mean

determine the average response for each item of the five (5) options in each item in the

questionnaires namely 5 (Strongly Agree) 4 (Agree), 3 (Neutral), 2 (Disagree), 1 (Strongly

Disagree).

The following is the Mathematics are formula for the weighted arithmetic mean.

Where: = weighted mean

Wi = weight of frequency of each option

Xi = value of each option

Ni = the number of respondents

Table 3.10.1: Scales and Point in the Instrument

Scale Points

Strongly Disagree 5

Agree 4

Neutral 3
 Disagree 2

Strongly Disagree 1

3.11 Network Diagram

The network diagram is a crucial aspect of the project, illustrating the underlying

architecture and connectivity that will drive the seamless functioning of the proposed project. It

showcases the intricate relationships between hardware components, software modules, data

storage, and network connections that will collectively empower the system to perform its

intended functions efficiently and securely.

 Figure 3.11.1: Network Diagram

Network diagram displays the structural design of the system wherein the admin has all

the access in the system like add, edit, delete and generate reports, however the resident can

request any e-services that the barangay online system offers.