Analysis of unknown salt No: 5

PRELIMINARY TESTS:

Sl.No. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. Noted the colour of the given salt White Cu2+,Fe3+,Ni2+,Mn2+, Co2+
absent
2. Noted the smell of the salt Smell of ammonia NH4+ may be present
3. Flame Test: No characteristic flame Ba2+ ,Sr2+,Ca2+ absent
Prepare a paste of salt in Conc.HCl. colour
Dip a glass rod in the paste and
show to the flame.

Analysis for unknown anion:

Sl.No. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Add dil.HCl to the salt. Brisk effervescence and Presence of carbonate
evolution of CO2 which (CO32-)
turns lime water milky

Confirmatory test for carbonate:

Sl.No. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. Add a few drops of phenolphthalein Pink colour CO32- confirmed
to the salt solution
2. Add Magnesium sulphate to the salt White ppt Presence of CO32- is
solution confirmed.

Chemical Equations:

1. CO₃²⁻ + 2HCl → 2Cl⁻ + CO₂ + H₂O

2. CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCO₃ + H2O
3. CO3²⁻ + MgSO₄ → MgCO₃ +SO₄²⁻

Analysis for unknown cation:

Sl.No. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Add NaOH solution to the salt Evolution of of ammonia Group Zero( NH4+) is
solution and heat. gas which gives white present
fumes when glass rod
dipped in Con HCl is
brought near it.
Confirmatory test for Ammonium ion

Sl.No. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. Add Nesslers’s reagent to the salt Brown ppt NH4+ is confirmed
solution.

Chemical Equations:

NH4 + + NaOH → NH3 + H2O + Na+

NH3 + HCl → NH4 Cl

2K2[HgI4] + NH3 +3KOH → H2N.HgO.HgI + 7KI + 2H2O

Result

The given salt is Ammonium carbonate