5.

NICKEL CHLORIDE
Preliminary Test
S.N EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
O
1. Colour: The colour of salt is Green May be due to Ni2+
noted
2. Smell: Take a pinch of salt No characteristic Absence of NH4+, ion
between your fingers and rub it smell or CH3COO- ion.
with drop of water
3. Action of Heat : Take a small Colourless May be presence of Cl
amount of salt in dry test tube pungent smelling -ion

and strongly heat gas evolves.

4. Flame Test: Take a small No May be absence of
amount of salt in watch glass characteristic Ba2+ Ca2+, Sr2+ , Cu2+
and add conc. HCl to make a flame is observed ions.
paste that is exposed through a
glass rod in non luminous flame
5. ASH Test: Take a salt in test No characteristic Absence of Zn2+ , Mg2+,
tube add one or two drops of Ash is observed Al3+ ions.
HNO3 and then Cobalt nitrate
solution. Filter paper dipped in it
and burnt.

6. Action of NaOH : Take a salt in No characteristic Absence of NH4+ salt.

a test tube add NaOH solution gas evolves.
and heat.
Identification of Acid Radical

7. Action of dilute H2SO4 : No characteristic reaction. Absence of

Take a little amount of CO32-,
salt in a test tube add CH3COO-
dilute H2SO4. ions.
8. Action of conc. H2SO4: Colourless pungent smelling gas Chloride ion
Take a little amount of evolved which gives dense white (Cl - ) May be
salt in a test tube add fumesof NH4Cl when a glass rod present.
conc. H2SO4. dipped in aq.ammonia solution
and exposed to the mouth of the
test tube
i) Manganase di oxide Greenish yellow vapours with Presence of
test: pungent odour is evolves. Cl- ion.
Mix a pinch of salt with
a pinch of MnO2 and add
3 to 4 drops of conc.
H2SO4 and heat the
mixture.
ii) Action of conc H2SO4 No Reddish brown vapours are Absence of
with Copper tunings: evolved. nitrate ion.
Take a small amount of
salt add copper tunings ,
conc. H2SO4 and heat
strongly.
9. Action of BaCl2 test : White precipitate is not formed. Absence of
Add BaCl2 solution to salt CO32-,SO42-
 solution. ions.
10. Ammonium molybdate Canary yellow precipitate is not Absence of
test: formed PO43- ion
To the salt solution add
conc. H2SO4 and
Ammonium molybdate

Confirmation test for the Acid radical

Preparation of water extract (W.E) : Water extract is prepared by dissolving 1-2
gram of given salt in 10 – 15 ml distilled water in a boiling test tube, this solution is
called Water Extract(W.E).
Confirmation Test for Chloride ion (Cl- )
S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Manganase - di - oxide test: Greenish yellow Presence of Cl-
Mix a pinch of salt with a pinch vapours with ion.
of MnO2 and add 3 to 4 drops of pungent odour is
conc. H2SO4 and heat the evolves.
mixture.
2. Silver Nitrate Test: Salt solution White curdy ppt. is Cl- ion is
is mixed with dilute HNO3 and formed . It is confirmed.
silver nitrate solution. soluble in
ammonium
hydroxide solution
Identification of Group cation (Basic Radical)
Preparation of original solution: Take a small amount of salt in a clean boiling
tube and add a few ml of water and shake it, till the salt is dissolved and is taken as
Original solution(O.S).
GROUP SEPARATION
S.NO GROUP EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. I Add dilute HCl to the No White Absence of I -group
original solution precipitate is (Pb2+)
formed
2. II O.S + dilute HCl + No Black ppt. is Absence of II -group
H2 S formed ion(Cu2+)
3. III O.S is saturated with No Absence of III -group
solid NH4Cl and then characteristic ion (Al3+ , Fe2+)
add excess NH4OH. ppt. is formed.
4. IV O.S + NH4Cl + Black ppt. is Presence of IV – group
NH4OH + H2S formed. ions(Co2+ , Ni2+ )
Confirmation test for Ni ion (IV group)
2+

S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. Add NaOH solution to the O.S Green ppt. is Ni2+ ion is confirmed
formed
2. To the O.S add excess of Scarlet red ppt. is Ni2+ ion is confirmed
NH4OH solution and DMG(Di formed
Methyl Glyoxime)
RESULT: The given simple salt contains
1. Anion : Chloride ion (Cl- )
2. Cation : Nickel ion (Ni2+)
3. Salt : Nickel Chloride [ NiCl2 ]