AIM: To identify the given salt for acidic and basic radical .

Experiment Observations Inference

Colour: White salt Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ni2+,
Noted the colour of Mn2+, Co2+ absent.
salt.
Smell: Odourless NH4+, CH3COO− and
Noted the smell. S2- absent.
Dil. H2SO4 Test: No gas evolved CO32- , SO32- , S2- ,
To a pinch of salt, add NO2– absent.
few drops of dilute
H2SO4

Conc. H2SO4 Test: Reddish Brown fumes NO3–

To a pinch of salt, add with pungent smell. may be present
few drops of Conc.
H2SO4 and heat.

Confirmatory Tests:
(i)Brown Ring Test- Formation of a brown ring NO3– confirmed.
Add freshly prepared at the junction of the acid
FeSO4 solution to the and the solution
water extract. Now
pour concentrated
sulphuric acid along
the side of the test
tube.

(ii) Copper chip test- dark brown fumes NO3- confirmed.

To the salt add
concentrated sulphuric
acid and copper Chips
and heat

Basic Radical
Test for group I No ppt. formed Pb2+ absent.
To the original
solution, add few
drops dil HCl

Test for group II No ppt. formed Cu2+ and As3+ absent.

To the original
solution, Add a few
drops of dilute HCl
and pass H2S gas .

No ppt. formed. Al3+ , Fe3+ absent

Test for group III
To the original
solution, Add a pinch
of solid ammonium
chloride (NH4Cl )
and excess of
ammonium
hydroxide (NH4OH)

Test for group IV No ppt Zn2+ , Ni2+, Co2+,

Add solid NH4Cl and Mn2+
excess NH4OH to the Absent
original solution. Now
pass H2S gas through
it.
Test for group V White ppt formed Ba2+, Sr2+ or Ca2+
Add solid NH4Cl and may be present
excess NH4OH to the
original solution. Now
add excess of
ammonium carbonate
solution (NH4)2CO3
Dissolve ppt. in dil.
Clear solution
acetic acid .and heat
Test of Ba2+ :
Potassium chromate No ppt. formed Ba2+ absent
solution Test-
To a part of clear
solution, add few
drops of potassium
chromate solution

Test for Sr2+ No ppt. formed Sr2+

Ammonium Sulphate Absent
solution test-
To another part of
solution ,add few
drops ammonium
sulphate solution .
Test for Ca2+ White ppt. formed Ca2+ Confirmed.
(i)Ammonium
Oxalate solutionTest:
To clear solution add
few drops ammonium
oxalate solution.
(ii) Flame Test Brick red flame
Make a paste of salt Ca2+ Confirmed.
with conc. HCl and
perform flame test

Result:
The given salt is Calcium Nitrate [Ca (NO3)2]