UNKNOWN SALT-4

AIM: To analyse the given unknown salt qualitatively for the presence of acidic and basic
radicals and report the tests.

PROCEDURE:

I: PRELIMINARY TESTS:

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. Physical Examination:
a) Noted the colour of the given White Cu2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Fe2+
salt. are absent.

b) Noted the smell of the given No characteristic smell NH4+ may be absent
salt

c) Noted state of the salt Crystalline --

2. Dry Heating test:
Heated a pinch of salt in a dry White sublimate is not formed NH4+ may be absent
test tube

3. Flame Test:
Little amount of salt is taken in No characteristic observation
a watch glass and 1 or 2 drops
of Conc. HCl is added to make a Bluish green, Apple green, brick Cu2+, Ba2+, Ca2+ and Zn2+ ions
paste. The paste is introduced red and flashes of green are not are absent
into the flame of the Bunsen observed
burner with the help of a
platinum wire.

II. IDENTIFICATION OF ANION (ACIDIC RADICAL):

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1 Dil H2SO4 Test :
To the pinch of given salt dil No gas is evolved. Carbonate CO32- ion is absent
H2SO4 is added

2. Action of Conc. H2SO4 :

(Cold conditions) :
To the pinch of salt little conc. No colourless or greenish yellow Chloride ion Cl- is absent
H2SO4 is added gas evolved
No reddish brown gas evolved Bromide ion Br- is absent
 (Hot conditions) :
To the pinch of salt little conc. No reddish brown gas evolved Nitrate ion NO3- is absent
H2SO4 is added and heated.

3. Test for Independent radicals A white ppt is formed which is Sulphate ion SO42- is present.
(SO42- ion) insoluble in dil. HCl solution
To the salt solution add little
BaCl2 solution

Confirmatory test for sulphate A white ppt is formed which is Sulphate ion SO42- is confirmed.
ion SO42- ion : insoluble in conc. HCl solution
To the salt solution add little
lead acetate solution

III IDENTIFICATION OF CATION (BASIC RADICAL) :

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Analysis of Group Zero

Cations

TEST FOR AMMONIUM (NH4+)

ION

1. Sodium hydroxide test :

A pinch of the given salt is No colourless gas is evolved Ammonium ion NH4+ is absent.
heated with conc. NaOH, with ammonical smell.

Analysis of Group I Cations

No white ppt is formed. Lead ion Pb2+ is absent.
To the salt solution little dil
HCl is added

Analysis of Group II
 Cations

To the salt solution added

little dil HCl and pass H2S Black ppt is not formed Cu2+ ion is absent
gas into it.

Analysis of Group III

Cations

To the salt solution added

little NH4Cl(s) and NH4OH White gelatinous ppt is formed May be Aluminium Al3+ ion
solution.

Confirmatory test for

Aluminium Al3+ ion :

1. To the salt solution added

NH4OH solution dropwise White coloured ppt is formed Al3+ ion is confirmed.

2. To the salt solution NaOH

solution is added. White gelatinous ppt is formed Al3+ ion is confirmed.
Add excess NaOH to the ppt. which dissolves in excess NaOH
solution

3. To the salt solution added

Sodium hydrogen phosphate White coloured ppt is formed Al3+ ion is confirmed.
solution

RESULT:
The acid radical present in the given salt is : Sulphate SO42- ion
The basic radical present in the given salt is : Aluminium Al3+ ion
The given unknown salt is : Aluminium Sulphate Al2(SO4)3