PAAVAI VIDHYASHRAM SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

(Affiliated To CBSE)

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT- 7

EXP 10.7
AIM:
To analyse the given simple salt systematically and find out the acid and basic radical present in it.
I.PRELIMINARY TEST:
S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Colour: The colour of the given salt is noted. White or colourless Absence of Cu2+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn2+,
Co2+,Ni2+ cations.
2. Solubility: A pinch of the salt is shaken well with water. Soluble Presence of soluble salts like nitrates ,
Chlorides, phosphates, sulphates
3. Action of heat : A pinch of the salt is strongly heated in a dry Colourles gas with ammonia smell , white Presence of NH4+
boiling tube: fumes when a glass rod dipped in dil.HCl
near the mouth of the test tube.
4. Flame test: To a pinch of the salt taken in a watch glass, a No brick red colour flame Absence of Ca2+
drop of conc.HCl is added . This paste is introduced into the
non-luminous Bunsen flame using a charred match stick.
5. Action of dil HCl : A pinch of the salt is taken in a test tube No characteristics change Absence of CO32-,SO32-,NO2-CH3COO-,S2-
and dil. HCl is added and warmed.
6. Action of conc. H2SO4: A pinch of the salt is added with a Colourless gas with pungent smell, white
few drops of concentrated H2SO4. fumes with aqueous ammonia, white ppt Presence of Cl-.
with AgNO3 solution.
7. Action of concentrated H2SO4 and MnO2 :A pinch of the Greenish yellow gas evolves. Presence of Cl-.
salt is heated with concentrated H2SO4 and MnO2
Action of conc. H2SO4 and copper turnings: A pinch of the No Reddish brown vapours were evolved . Absence of NO3-
8. salt is heated with conc. H2SO4 and copper turnings.
9. Action of BaCl2: To an aqueous solution of the salt, BaCl2 No white precipitate is obtained. Absence of SO42-
solution is added.
10. Action of NaOH: A pinch of the salt is heated with NaOH Colourless pungent smelling gas was Presence of NH4+
solution. evolved.

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CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL:
Confirmatory test for Chloride, Cl-

S. No Experiment Observation Inference

1 AgNO3 Test: A curdy white ppt. completely soluble in Presence of Chloride is
To the salt solution, added Ag NO3 solution. NH4OH and insoluble in dil. HNO3 confirmed
2 Chromyl chloride test: Yellow precipitate was evolved. Presence of Chloride is
1. To the salt added potassium dichromate crystals, a few drops of confirmed
conc, H2SO4 and heated.
2. Passed the vapours through NaOH solution or distilled water.
3. Added lead acetate to the above solution.

TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL:

The salt is dissolved in water and the solution is used to identify the group in which the basic radical is present.
GROUP ANALYSIS:

S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1 To the salt solution, added Nessler’s reagent and NaOH. Brown precipitate is formed. Presence of ammonium(zero group).

CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL:

Confirmatory test for ammonium, NH4+

S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 The salt solution was heated with NaOH solution Gas evolved with characteristic ammoniacal smell Presence of Ammonium is confirmed

2 A glass rod dipped in dil. HCl was brought near the test The gas gives white fumes Presence of Ammonium is confirmed
tube in which gas was evolved.
3. The gas evolved was passed through Nessler’s reagent Brown ppt. was obtained Presence of ammonium is confirmed

Result:
The given simple salt contains
Basic radical - Ammonium
Acid radical – chloride.
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