CHAPTER-SEVEN

7. Reporting Results
It may seem unscientific and even unfair, but a study can be destroyed by a poor final report or
presentation. Most people are influenced by the quality of the reporting. These facts should prompt
researchers to make special efforts to communicate clearly and fully.
Research Report Components
A. The preliminary section
1. Title page: This part quickly answer the questions what? For whom? By whom? When? Where?
……….etc.
The title page usually includes:
 The name of the includes
 The name of the author
 The relationship of the report to a course or degree requirement
 The name of institution where the report is submitted
 The date and place of the presentation.
2 Acknowledgement (if any): This contains expressions of appreciation for assistance and guidance
in the conduct of the study.
2. Acronyms( Abbreviation)alphabetically arranged (if any)
3. Table of contents: This is an outline the content of the report. The relationship b/n principal and
minor divisions is indicated by capitalization of chapter numbers and titles, with sub headings in
small letters and with capitalized principle letter
4. Table of tables: it list s all the tables in the report and shows the page on which appears.
5. Tables of figures (if any): it is set up same way as the table of tables
6. Abstract (executive summary, synopsis): provides a condensed version of the report.
B. Body of the report the text of the report can be categorized in variety of ways depending on topic.
Generally it is divided in to five chapters:
 Chapter one the problem and its approach
 Chapter two review of related literature
 Chapter three research methodology
 Chapter four data presentation, analysis interpretation
 Chapter five summary, conclusion & recommendations.
Chapter one: The problem and its approach
1.1 Background of the study (general to specific)

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1.2 Background of the organization (optional)
1.3 Statement of the problem
 Facts that motivated the investigator to conduct the R
 Exactly specifying & measuring the gap.
1.4 Research objectives, questions, and hypothesis
1.4.1 Research objectives (General & specific)
1.4.2 Research questions: questions to be answered to meet the research objectives.
1.4.3 Research hypothesis tentative propositions (Optional)
1.5 Significant of the study-benefits of the study.
1.6 Scope and limitation of the study
1.7 Definition of key terminologies & concepts
1.8 Organization of the paper.
Chapter Two: Review of related literature
 Concepts and definitions of terminologies
 Adequacy, logical flow and relevance
 Deductive order (General to specific)
Global Global
Industrial or Regional (continental)
Company Local
Chapter Three: Research Methodology
3.1. Research design
3.2. Research approach
3.3. Data type and sources
3.4. Data collection method (tool)
3.5. Sampling and Sampling methods
3.6. Data analysis and processing
Chapter Four: Data presentation, analysis and interpretation. This chapter deals with presentation
analysis and interpretation of major data that are collected using different data collection tools from their
respective sources.
Chapter Five: Summary conclusions and recommendation
5.1 Summary: is a brief statement essential finding. Its main purpose of a summery is to provide the
major findings on a nut shell. It should, thus enable the reader understand the major findings of the
without going to the details.

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5.2 Conclusions: in this section the conclusions are given based on the findings put in the summary
section the conclusions are the generalizations one makes from the findings, and contribute to the body
of knowledge. In drawing conclusions, the researcher should make sure that the conclusion drawn is
within the frame work of the study or data presented over or under generalization should be avoided no
new data must be introduced at this stage and wordiness should be minimized.
5.3 Recommendations: Is suggestion by way of providing solutions to the problem tot eh study.
Recommendations should be feasible, realistic.
C. support /supplement/
1. References: at the end of the report you need to list all the sources cited in the text.
In- text references
References are citations of other works such as books, journal articles, references in text are
treated somewhat differently from references in the complete list at the end of a paper.
 Use the anther date format to cite references in text for e.g. /smith 1990 p.311
 For two-author citations, spell out both authors on all occurrences
 For multiple author citations (up to five authors) name all the authors the first time, the use
et.al….,
 For six or more authors use et.al, the first time & give the full citation in references.
List of references
 This section begins on a new page
 The references lists are organized alphabetically by surnames of first authors.
 Most references entries have three components
o Authors
o Year of publication
o Sources of reference: includes title, journal, volume, pages (for journal article) or
title, edition, city of publication publisher
(for books)
E.g. Roger G. Schroeder Rool, operations management
Dobler Donald (1991), Purchasing and Supplies Management 6th edition.
MccGraw- Hillco. New York.
2. Appendix

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