DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED

LIQUID PENETRANT Document No. Rev. Effective Date Page No.

TESTING PROCEDURE CNT-Q-SP-005 00 01/09/2014 2 of 13

CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION Page 4
2.0 SCOPE Page 4
3.0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION Page 5
4.0 PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION Page 5
5.0 SURFACE PREPARATION Page 5
6.0 TESTING MEDIUM Page 6
7.0 ILLUMINATION REQUIREMENTS Page 8
8.0 TECHNIQUE RESTRICTIONS Page 8
9.0 EXAMINATION COVERAGE Page 8
10.0 INSPECTION SEQUENCE Page 8
10.1 Penetrant Application Page 8
10.2 Penetrant Removal Application Page 9
10.3 Developer Application Page 9
10.4 Drying Page 9
11.0 POST CLEANING Page 10
12.0 INTERPRETATION Page 10
13.0 EVALUATION Page 10
14.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA Page 11
15.0 REPORTING Page 11
16.0 SAFETY Page 12
TABLE 1 REQUIREMENTS OF LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION PROCEDURE Page 13

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AMENDMENT LIST

Revision Page/
Date Reason By
No. Section
00 1 Sep.2014 - First release for DNT Varayuth S.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

This procedure is intended to develop for cover the Liquid Dye Penetrant
Testing requirements for Industrial work as carried out by DNT INSPECTION
SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.
This procedure applies to the Red Dye Solvent Removable Liquid Penetrant
Testing methods for detecting discontinuities which are open to the surface of
nonporous metals and other materials.
Typical discontinuities detectable by this method are cracks, laps, seam cold
shuts, laminations and porosity.
2.0 SCOPE
When required by the referencing code section , this test method performed
under the following written procedure shall be demonstrated to the satisfaction
of the Authorized Inspector as per ASME Section V , Article 1 Para T-150. The
Liquid Dye Penetrant Testing techniques shall be in accordance to ASME
Section V (2010 Edition), Article 6 and shall conform to ASTM E 165 Method
for Liquid Dye Penetrant Testing.
It includes the testing of materials and welded joints of Type 1 to 6 and
Category A to D in the following fabrication:
a) Pressure Vessels in accordance to the requirements ASME Section VIII
Divisions1&2.
b) Power Boiler in accordance to the requirements of ASME Section 1.
c) Power Piping in accordance to the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.1.
d) Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping in accordance to the
requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3.

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3.0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION

Personnel performing Liquid Penetrant Testing shall be Level II or Level III
Liquid Penetrant Testing technician certified in accordance with DNT
INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED. Procedure for Qualification and
Certification of Non-Destructive Personnel, Document No. CNT-Q-SP-001
Revision 00.
4.0 PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION
4.1 A change of a requirement in Table 1 identified as an essential variable
shall require re-qualification of this procedure.
4.2 A change of a requirement in Table 1 identified as a non-essential
variable does not require re-qualification of this procedure.
4.3 All changes of essential and non-essential variables shall require
revision or addendum of this procedure.
5.0 SURFACE PREPARATION
Surface preparation is critical to the integrity of the test and shall be noted in
report and conforming to the followings:
a) In general, surface of part is satisfactory as-welded, as-rolled, as-cast,
or as-forged condition.
b) Surface shall be free of any contaminant (oil) such as excessive rust,
scale, welding flux, spatter, grease, paint, oil films, dirt and etc. the
might interfere with the penetrant process.
c) Surface shall be of sufficiently nonporous nature so that excessive
irrelevant indications are not produced.
d) Approved cleaning methods shall include only methods that will not
cause damage to or peen surface discontinuities.

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e) Grinding, machining, wire brushing, chipping, scraping or other methods

may be necessary where surface irregularities could mask indications
that may be present.
f) Cleaning by shot blasting or sand blasting is not permitted.
g) Solvent and detergent cleaning shall be used whenever possible.
h) Cleaning shall extend as a minimum 1 inch outside the examination
area.
i) All test surfaces shall be dry prior to testing. Drying time after solvent
cleaning shall be 1 (one) minute as a minimum.
j) For safety reasons, in confined areas where testing is to be conducted,
adequate ventilation shall be provided where toxic or irritant chemicals
are used.
6.0 EXAMINATION MEDIUM
6.1 Testing medium used in this procedure shall be of solvent removable,
non-fluorescent color contrast (visible) type.
6.2 Testing medium shall be as follows:

Type (4 Brands Name) Flash Point

a) Cleaner/ Remover CHEMETALL S-72 190 degree F
SHERWIN, DR-60 ( 88 degree
C)
MAGNAFLUX SKL-
HF/SKL-S
SW-CC-R
b) Penetrant CHEMETALL Non Flammable
CHECKMOR 222
SHERWIN – DP-51

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MAGNAFLUX SKC-
NF/ZC7/SP
SW-CC-P
c) Developer ELY LD-7 Non Flammable
( wet-non SHERWIN – D-106
aqueous)
MAGNAFLUX SKD-
NF/ZP9/S2
SW-CC-D

6.3 For PT on nickel alloys, austenitic stainless steels and titanium the
chemical used shall have less than 1% sulphur and the total chlorine
and fluorine shall be less than 1%. (See Para T-640 in ASME Section
V).
6.4 Testing Medium used shall not adversely affect the integrity of the part
being examined.
6.5 Inter-mixing of testing mediums between brands is prohibited.
6.6 When testing is performed outside normal test temperature of 60
degree F to 125 degree (16-52 degree C), qualification of technique
is required by using a Liquid Dye Penetrant Comparator.
6.7 An Analysis of the Testing Medium as per Para 6.3 above shall be in
accordance with ASTM D 129 or ASTM D 1552. Alternately, the
material may be decomposed in accordance with ASTM D 129 and
analyze in accordance with ASTM D 516 Method B. Analysis shall be
done in accordance to ASME Section V, Article 6, Appendix II.
6.8 A record of the examination medium shall include chemical batch
numbers and test result and shall be maintained for certification.
Manufacturer certification with the required record may be acceptable.

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7.0 ILLUMINATION REQUIREMENTS

7.1 Lighting shall be such that adequate condition exist for interpretation
and evaluation and shall be normally be either from Nature (day light) or
Artificial (white) light to ensure that no loss of sensitivity in the
examination.
7.2 White light intensity at the testing surface shall not be less than 100 fc
(1000 lux).
8.0 TECHNIQUE RESTRICTIONS
Color contrast dye penetrant testing shall not follow a fluorescent dye penetrant
examination. Intermixing of dye penetrant materials from different family groups
is not permitted. A retest with water washable penetrants may cause loss of
marginal indications due to combination.
9.0 EXAMINATION COVERAGE
All tests shall be conducted with sufficient overlap to ensure 100 percent
coverage.
10.0 INSPECTION SEQUENCE
Surface shall be clean and dry prior to testing and as per Para 5.0 of this
procedure.
10.1 Penetrant Application
10.1.1 Thoroughly shake the aerosol for 10-15 seconds and
apply the penetrant to the dry surface to be tested such
that the entire part of area under test is completely
covered with penetrant.
10.1.2 Penetration time shall be in accordance to ASME Section
V, Table T-672, recommended dwell time. The minimum
dwell time shall be 5 minutes and maximum 20 minutes.

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10.1.3 Temperature range for conducting tests shall be within 60

degree F to 125 degree F (16-52 degree C)
10.2 Penetrant Removal Application
10.2.1 Upon achieving the required penetration time, excess
penetrant shall be removed by wiping off with clean and
lint-free cloth or tissues initially and then with a solvent
dampened cloth and finally with a dry cloth.
10.3.2 Excess penetrant to be removed shall be such that
removal of penetrant from indications is minimal. Direct
spraying of solvent to the test surface is not permitted.
10.3 Developer Application
10.3.1 Developer shall be applied evenly as soon as possible
after removal of excess penetrant and drying of the test
surface. The extend and coverage of this developer shall
be as per Para 10.1.1 of this procedure.
10.3.2 Developer shall be applied (spray) at not less than 6
inches away from examination surface to obtain a thin
even film and left to develop for a minimum of 7 minutes.
Insufficient coating thickness may not draw the penetrant
out of the discontinuities but conversely, excessive coating
thickness may result in pooling an thus mask indication
10.4 Drying
10.4.1 Drying shall be exposure to ambient temperature under
normal evaporation and shall not be at a minimum of 1
(one) minute to a maximum of 5 (five) minutes. Induced
faster drying by air fan at ambient temperature is
permitted.

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10.4.2 Excessive drying time can cause evaporation of the penetrant,

which can impair the sensitivity of the examination.
11.0 POST CLEANING
Post cleaning shall be necessary when residual penetrant materials may
combine with other servicing factors to produce corrosion. Post cleaning shall
be accomplished by solvent or detergent cleaning.
12.0 INTERPRETATION
12.1 Illumination shall conform to the requirements as detailed in Para 7.0 of
this procedure.
12.2 Observation shall be made while applying the developer during the
"bleed-out" process so that the larger indication may be reviewed before
excessive diffusion occurs.
12.3 Final interpretation shall be carried out 7 minutes after development time
but shall not exceed 30 minutes.
12.4 Indications shall be classified as “relevant" or "non-relevant"
a) Relevant Indications:
The visible presence of detectable bleed-out liquid penetrant
from discontinuities and shall be evaluated as acceptance
criteria.
b) Non-Relevant Indications:
The visible presence of liquid penetrant readings resulting from a
condition not associated with the discontinuity.
13.0 EVALUATION
An indication is the evidence of a mechanical imperfection. Only indications
with major dimensions greater than 1/16 inch (1.58 mm) shall be considered
relevant.

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13.1 A linear indication is one having a length greater than 3 (three) times
width.
13.2 A rounded indication is one of circular or elliptical shape with the length
equal to or less than 3 (three) times the width.
14.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
Acceptance criteria shall be based on the following codes and standard or as
per project specification :
14.1 Pressure Vessel in accordance to the requirements of ASME SECTION
VIII, DIVISION I - Appendix 8.
14.2 Pressure Vessel in accordance to the requirements of ASME SECTION
VIII, DIVISION 2 - Appendix 9-2.
14.3 Power Boilers in accordance to the requirements of ASME SECTION I,
Para PW-25.
14.4 Power Piping in accordance to the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.1,
CHAPTER VI SECTION 136.4.4.
14.5 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping in accordance to the
requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3, Para 341.3.2.
15.0 REPORTING Reports shall include :
a) Clients Name Details of Item Tested
b) Report Reference Number and Date of Testing
c) Material Type, Temperature and Surface Preparation
d) Cleaning Method
e) Method and Chemical used
f) Dwell Time
g) Acceptance Criteria and Evaluation
h) Size and Location of Defect
I) Examiner

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16.0 SAFETY
a) Observe all warning signs, notices and regulations at work site.
b) Dressed in proper working attires such as safety helmet, overall, safety
boots and etc.
c) Obtain approval/pass for entering into work area if required.
d) When working in confined area - eg. inside a Pressure Vessel, install
ventilation fan such that supply of fresh air is adequate.
e) Test medium/chemical used may be irritating to sensitive skin, wear
protective gloves if required.
f) Do not accidentally aim the jet of the aerosol can to your eyes or other
personnel.
g) Remove from site all exhaust aerosol can , dirty rags and other used
items for disposal.
h) All instrument/tooling shall be removed from Inspection Area on
completion of testing.

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Table 1

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DNT INSPECTION SERVICE COMPANY LIMITED.
82 Rayong, Highway Route No.3191 Mabtaphut, Mueang Rayong, Rayong
Page : 1 of 1
Report No. :
REPORT FOR Request No. :
LIQUID PENETRANT TEST
Date :
Client : Test Procedure CNT-Q-SP-005 REV.00
Project Name : Test Product : Structure Pipe
Area : Material : Location : SHOP FIELD
Prepared Edge Before / After PWHT Back Chipping
Stage of Test
As Welded Before / After Hydro Test Other Specify
Surface Preparation Grinding Brushing Solvent Cleaning
Technique : Inspection Method : Chemical Product : Inspection Technique :
Water Washable Penetrants Visible - Penetrant : Magnaflux SKL-SP1 - Cleaner Remove
Post - Emulsifying Penetrants Fluorescent - Cleaner : Magnaflux SKC-S - Penetrant Dwell Time 5 Min.
Solvent - Removable Penetrants - Developer : Magnaflux SKD-S2 - Developer Dwell Time 10 Min.
Application Standard : ASME-V Article 6 Acceptance Standard :

Sheet Size Weld

ISO Dwg No. / Line No. Joint No. Welder No. Results Remarks
No. Size Thk. Type

Total : dB.
Total : mm.
Note : Bevel Root Pass Hot Pass Cover Pass
Completed by Inspected By : Witnessed By : Reviewed By :
Company

Signature

Name
Date