Geography and History of the World
Semester 1 Final Exam Review
Unit 1 – Introduction
 Latitude  latitude is north
to south of earth
 Longitude  longitude is
east to west
 Scale the size of area in the
map
 Place  a space or location
 Site  a settlement in an
area selasa
 Situation  a location
relative to other places
 Meridian  is running from
south to north and is set to 0
Unit 2 – Ancient Civilizations
 Neolithic Revolution (1st
Agricultural Rev) 
agricultural revolution start
of food
 Domestication of pets made
by ancestors
 Division of labor  a
specific job in a given area
 Civilization (7Characteristics)
 religion, writing,
organized govt
 Artisan a person who
does work
 Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
rivers in mesomatpia
 Fertile Crescent  is a
fertile piece of land
Unit 3 – World Religions
 Christianity
 Islam
 Hindu
 Buddhism
 Judaism
 Jainism
 Atheism
 Agnosticism
 Parallel  west to east
 Prime Meridian 
Greenwich
 Equator  an imaginary line
dividing the earth
 International date-line
separates calendar dates
 Region a land or ocean
with a common
characteristic
 Globalization  connection
of societies from different
regions
 Ziggurat  food surplus
storages
 City-state an individual
 Code of Hammurabi  laws
that the baby loins had to
follow
 Polytheism  believing in
more than god
 Cuneiform  writing system
 Nile River river in Africa
 Delta  mouth of river
 Cataract  rapid
 Pharaoh King of Egypt
 Theocracy  a deity for a
certain place
 Universalizing Religions 
accepting all
 Ethnic Religions  limited
to ethnicity
 Buddha  Siddtharatha
 Story of Siddhartha
 Four Noble Truths  , truth
of suffering, end of
suffering,pain is caused by
desire,
 Distribution a spread out
over a geographic area
o Density
o Concentration
o Pattern
 Expansion Diffusion 
innovation spreading
o hierarchical
o contagious
 Relocation Diffusion 
moving of people
 Bureaucracy  state officals
 Old, Middle, and New
Kingdoms
 Mummification 
mummifying
 Hieroglyphics  Writing
system and language
 Indus and Ganges Rivers
 Subcontinent  a part of
continent
 Monsoons certain winds
that are seasonal
 Citadel  a public bath
place
 Huang He and Yangtze
Rivers
 Eightfold Path
 Nirvana  Liberated
 Middle Way  middle path
not extreme
 Division of Buddhism
 Theravada
 Mahayana
 Tibetan
 Messiah  savior
 Bible  Christian book
  Muhammad  Last messiah  5 Pillars of Islam  Hebrews  jewish beliver
 Mecca Holy place  Confucianism  Monotheistic  there is
 Muslims people who  Daoism only one god
believe in Islam  Exile  away from society  Abraham (not Lincoln)
 Qur’an  Holy book of  Diaspora
Islam

Unit 4 – Age of Exploration

 What was the Age of  Navigation  Sir Francis Drake
Exploration? Time of  Conquistador  Zheng He
expansion  Circumnavigation  Queen Elizabeth
 What prompted the Age of  Astrolabe  Ferdinand Magellan
Exploration?  Trading  Caravel  Christopher Columbus
with Asia more trade routes.  Ethnocentric Earth is in  Bartolomeu Dias
 Colony  Land of country Centre of universe  Henry Cabot
outside country  Vasco Da Gama  Amerigo Vespucci

Unit 5 – Revolutions
 Revolution  act against  Enclosure  area of land to  Locke
 Non-violent versus violent grow food  Tull
revolutions (be able to  Secular   Townsend
recognize examples of each)  Salon philosophical area to  Watt
 Renaissance  philosophical talk about ideas  What contributed to these
movement  Leonardo Da Vinci occurring: (all in notes!)
 Reformation   Michelangelo o Renaissance
 The Scientific Revolution  Copernicus o Industrial Revolution
started of new era that we  Medici Family  Know all the revolutions in
live in  Gutenberg chronological order – there’s
 Agricultural Revolution   Machiavelli a slide in our Enlightenment
start of agricultural era  Isaac Newton PowerPoint 
 Enlightenment start of  Bacon  How did the Enlightenment
philosophical  Galileo contribute to the American
 Industrial Revolution (know  Hobbes Revolution?
where this happened, too)

Unit 6 – Imperialism
 What is Imperialism?  expansion of country for  Which African countries remained independent
colonies etc during Imperialism?  Liberia and Ethiopia
 Reasons for Imperialism in Africa and Asia  food  Rwandan Genocide  killing of power for Hutu
trade  When did most African countries gain
 Berlin Conference splitting of Africa independence? 1950-1975
 Cash crop  made money  Afrikaners  Europeans living in Africa
 “White Man’s Burden”  white man has to teach  Shogun  king in Japan
others  Militarism and Industrialization in Japan
 Nelson Mandela  first black president of Africa  China’s Opium Wars and Boxer Rebellion
 Apartheid  segregation  Meiji Restoration
 Pan-Africanism  Isolationism

Unit 7 – Conflict (WWI)

1. M.A.N.I.A. – Know each letter and how all were a cause of WWI.
2. How was Serbia involved in starting WWI and what was the name of the group from Serbia responsible for being a
cause of the war Black hand
3. What is the Domino Effect leading up to WWI? Know the order of each country’s entry into the beginning of WWI
beginning with the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.  Serbia, Austria, Germany, Russia, France, Belgium
and Britain
4. Be prepared to describe how WWI can best be described as a stalemate on the Western front.
5. Identify and describe some of the new weaponry designed for and used in World War One. Machine guns
6. Be prepared to describe trench warfare and life in the trenches.
7. Be able to describe the Zimmerman note and what the effects of it.
8. Define Armistice
9. Why did Germany surrender and what was the shape of their country at the time of their surrender?
10. Be prepared to discuss the Treaty of Versailles, its effects, who got what, and how it wound up treating Germany like a
B.R.A.T.

11. Be ready to identify The Big 3 and their different approaches to handling the Central Powers after the Great War.
12. Be prepared to be able to differentiate THE KEY MEMBERS OF EACH OF THE following alliances
a. The Triple Alliance
b. The Triple Entente
c. The Central Powers
d. The Allied Powers
13. League of Nations – what was it, who came up with the idea, and how involved was the U.S. with the League?
14. Why Russia wasn’t invited to the palace of Versailles to discuss the treaty with the Central powers?