EEE – 301

Continuous Linear Signals and Systems

Laplace
Transformation

Sharif Nafis Mahmood

Lecturer, Department of EEE
Green University of Bangladesh
Frequency Domain Representation
• In physics, electronics, control systems engineering, and statistics,
the frequency domain refers to the analysis of mathematical
functions or signals with respect to frequency, rather than time.
• Put simply, a time-domain graph shows how a signal changes over
time, whereas a frequency-domain graph shows how much of the
signal lies within each given frequency band over a range of
frequencies.

- Wikipedia
• Frequency domain is used for stability analyses. Each control system has
negative feeedback - and, hence, tends to be unstable. For improving the
system stability we are using compensator blocks with the aim to get more
stabiliy margin.

• For dimensioning these blocks (definition of parameters like gain, poles,

zeros) we NEED the frequency domain. For this purpose two basic diagrams
are used to control and/or shape the LOOP GAIN correspondingly : BODE
diagram and NYQUIST plot.

• Solving manually differential equations is difficult. These manipulations may

be performed much easier if using the operational calculus (mainly Laplace).

• Time analysis stands for the clinical examination, while frequency analysis
stands for radioscopy. A good doctor will rely on both of them
The Laplace transform is an integral transformation of a function f (t ) from the time domain into the
complex frequency domain, giving F (s).
The Inverse Laplace Transform
Application to Integrodifferential Equations
4
Steps in Applying the Laplace Transform :

1. Transform the circuit from the time domain to the s-domain.

2. Solve the circuit using nodal analysis, mesh analysis, source transformation,
superposition, or any circuit analysis technique with which we are familiar.

3. Take the inverse transform of the solution and thus obtain the solution in the
time domain.