Side effects /

Mechanism of adverse Nursing

Name of Drug Indication
Action reaction responsibilities

Generic Magnesium is Used for immediate CV: arrhythmias, Before:

Name: an important control of life- bradycardia, - Verify
Magnesium cofactor for threatening hypotension medication
sulfate 250 & enzymatic convulsions in the order.
500 mg reactions. It treatment of severe Derma: flushing, - Assess
plays an toxemias (pre- sweating sensitivity to
Brand Name: important role eclampsia and magnesium.
Magnesium in eclampsia) of GI: diarrhea - Assess renal
Sulfate neurochemical pregnancy and in the function,
(MgSO4) transmission treatment of acute Metabolic: serum
and muscular nephritis in children. hypothermia magnesium.
Classification: excitability. Also indicated for During:
Antacid, Magnesium replacement therapy MS: muscle - Assess for
anticonvulsant sulfate when in magnesium weakness relief of
, electrolyte, taken orally deficiency, especially gastric
laxative increases in acute Neuro: distress.
peristaltic hypomagnesemia drowsiness Monitor
Route: activity by accompanied by signs renal
IM causing osmotic of tetany similar to Resp: decreased function.
IV retention of those of respiratory rate - Monitor
PO fluids, thus hypocalcemia. Also daily pattern
resulting in used in uterine tetany of bowel
Dosage: bowel as a myometrial activity,
evacuation. relaxant. stool
Mild to When consistency.
Moderate IV: administered Maintain
ADULTS, parenterally, it Contraindication/s adequate
ELDERLY: 1–4 decreases levels fluid intake.
g of acetylcholine Antacid: Appendicitis, - Monitor
in motor nerve symptoms of renal
Severe terminals. It appendicitis, function,
Deficiency IV: also acts on the ileostomy, intestinal magnesium
ADULTS, myocardium by obstruction, severe levels, ECG
ELDERLY: 4–8 decreasing the renal impairment. for cardiac
g rate of SA node function
IV: CHILDREN: impulse Laxative: Appendicitis, - Test patellar
25–50 formation and HF, colostomy, reflexes
mg/kg/dose prolonging the hypersensitivity, before giving
conduction ileostomy, intestinal repeated,
Dietary time. obstruction, rapid
Supplement Synonym: undiagnosed rectal parenteral
PO: ADULTS, Epsom salt. bleeding. doses.
ELDERLY: 2 Systemic: Heart block, After:
tablets myocardial damage,
 IV use for pre- - Take at least
Laxative eclampsia/eclampsia 2 hrs apart
PO: ADULTS, during from other
ELDERLY, the 2 hrs prior to medication.
CHILDREN 12 delivery. - Do not take
YRS AND longer than
OLDER: 195– Antacids: Undiagnosed 2 weeks
300 mL. GI/rectal bleeding, unless
6–12 YRS: ulcerative colitis, directed by
100–150 mL. colostomy, physician.
2–5 YRS: 60– diverticulitis, chronic - Report
90 mL diarrhea. symptoms of
hypermagne
Antacid Laxative: Diabetes, semia
PO: ADULTS, pts on low-salt diet
ELDERLY, (some products
CHILDREN 12 contain
YRS AND sugar, sodium).
OLDER: (400
mg/5 mL): 5– Systemic: Severe renal
15 mL impairment.
Myasthenia gravis or
Frequency: other
neuromuscular
Mild to diseases.
Moderate IV:
ADULTS,
ELDERLY: 1
g/hr.
Maximum: 12
g/12 hrs.

Severe
Deficiency IV:
ADULTS,
ELDERLY: 1
g/hr.
IV: CHILDREN:
10–20 min.
Maximum
single dose: 2
g

Dietary
Supplement
PO: ADULTS,
ELDERLY: 2-
tab OD
Laxative
PO: ADULTS,
ELDERLY,
CHILDREN 12
YRS AND
OLDER, 6-12
YRS, 2-5 YRS:
once or in
divided doses

Antacid
PO: ADULTS,
ELDERLY,
CHILDREN 12
YRS AND
OLDER: (400
mg/5 mL):
PRN - QID

Side effects /
Mechanism of adverse Nursing
Name of Drug Indication
Action reaction responsibilities

Generic Stimulates - Relief of symptoms CNS: Before:

Name: motility of of acute and recurrent Restlessness, - Observe 15 rights
Metocloprami upper GI tract diabetic gastroparesis drowsiness, in drug
de without - Short-term therapy fatigue, administration.
stimulating for adults with lassitude, - Assess for allergy to
Brand Name: gastric, biliary, symptomatic GERD insomnia, metoclopramide.
Reglan, or pancreatic who fail to respond to extrapyramidal - Assess for other
Maxolon, secretions; conventional therapy reactions, contraindications.
Maveran appears to - Prevention of nausea parinsonism-like - Keep
sensitize tissues and vomiting reactions, diphenhydramine
Classification: to action of associated with akathisia, injection readily
Pharmacologic acetylcholine; emetogenic cancer dystonia, available incase
Class: relaxes pyloric chemotherapy- myoclonus, extrapyramidal
Antiemetic, GI sphincter, Prophylaxis of dizziness, reactions occur (50
stimulant which, when postoperative nausea anxiety mg IM).
combined with and vomiting when - Have phentolamine
Route: effects on nasogastric suction is CV: readily available in
PO motility, undesirable Transient case of hypertensive
IM accelerates - Facilitation of small- hypertension crisis.
IV gastric emptying bowel intubation
and intestinal when tube does not GI: Nausea, During:
Dosage: transit; little pass the pylorus with diarrhea - Monitor BP
IV: 10 mg effect on conventional carefully during IV
PO: 10-15 mg gallbladder or maneuvers administration.
colon motility;
Frequency: increases lower - Stimulation of gastric - Monitor for
IV: q4h esophageal emptying and extrapyramidal
PO: QID, 30 sphincter intestinal transit of reactions and
min before pressure; has barium when delayed consult physician if
meals for 2-8 sedative emptying interferes they occur.
weeks properties; with radiologic - Monitor diabetic
induces release examination of the patients.
of prolactin. stomach or small - Give direct IV doses
intestine. slowly over 1-2
minutes.
Contraindication/s - For IV infusion, give
Concentrations over at least 15
- Allergy to minutes.
metoclopramide
- GI hemorrhage After
- Mechanical - Dispose of used
obstruction or materials properly.
perforation - Educate patient
- Pheochromocytoma about side effects.
- Epilepsy - Instruct to report
involuntary
Precaution movement of the
- Previously detected face, eyes, or limbs,
breast cancer severe depression,
- Lactation severe diarrhea.
- Pregnancy - Instruct patient to
- Fluid Overload take drug exactly as
- Renal Impairment prescribed.
- Instruct not to use
Drug Interaction alcohol, sleep
- Decreased remedies or
absorption of digoxin sedatives; serious
from the stomach sedation could
- Increased toxic and occur.
immunosuppressive - Do proper
effects of cyclosporine documentation.
- Increased
neuromuscular
blocking effect of
succinylcholine