Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Informal letter
Thanking a friend for a holiday
(part 1)
IN THIS LESSON…
• TASK ACHIEVEMENT
• COHERENCE AND COHESION
• LEXICAL RESOURCE
• GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
• STRATEGY
• QUIZ
LOOK AT THE TASK 1 GENERAL QUESTION
You have recently been to stay with an old friend for a few days.You hadn't seen each other
for a long time.
Write a letter to your friend. In your letter:
8 • Presents, highlights and illustrates key features / bullet points clearly and
appropriately
8 • Presents, highlights and illustrates key features / bullet points clearly and
appropriately
You have recently been to stay with an old friend for a few days.You hadn't seen
each other for a long time.
Write a letter to your friend. In your letter:
7 • Uses a range of cohesive devices appropriately although there may be some under-
/ over-use
• Arranges information and ideas coherently and there is a clear overall progression
6 • Uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences
may be faulty or mechanical
• May not always use referencing clearly or appropriately
IELTS BAND DESCRIPTORS GENERAL WRITING
COHERENCE AND COHESION
BAND DESCRIPTOR
• Uses cohesion in such a way that it attracts no attention
7 • Uses a range of cohesive devices appropriately although there may be some under-
/ over-use
• Arranges information and ideas coherently and there is a clear overall progression
6 • Uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences
may be faulty or mechanical
• May not always use referencing clearly or appropriately
These phrases act as signposts,
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live.
These phrases act as signposts,
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live.
This is a topic sentence.
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live.
COHERENCE AND COHESION
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic!Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherishisthe
Coherence memory
often about logic
as much as language. These two
of my stay for as long as I live. sentences are linked by the idea
of the meal. There is no need for
a linking phrase
COHERENCE AND COHESION
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live.
We can use here and there
to refer to places we have
previously written about
COHERENCE AND COHESION
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
When we link language, we
been telling her. make it more cohesive. Using
so to connect a cause and a
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
result improves cohesion
With warmest wishes
Lionel
COHERENCE AND COHESION
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
We can use this phrase to repeat
With warmest wishes something important from earlier in
the letter. It can also be used to refer
Lionel to a conversation which happened
outside the letter. Here it is used to
refer to what Lionel said when he
met Charles
COHERENCE AND COHESION
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
You can use pronouns to
With warmest wishes
link to nouns, making
your writing more
Lionel
cohesive
COHERENCE AND COHESION
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Informal letter
Thanking a friend for a holiday
(part 2)
IN THIS LESSON…
• TASK ACHIEVEMENT
• COHERENCE AND COHESION
• LEXICAL RESOURCE
• GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
• STRATEGY
• QUIZ
LOOK AT THE TASK 1 GENERAL QUESTION
You have recently been to stay with an old friend for a few days.You hadn't seen each other
for a long time. Write a letter to your friend. In your letter:
9 lexical features
• Rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’
• Uses a wide range of vocabulary fluently and flexibly to convey precise meanings
8 • Skilfully uses uncommon lexical items but there may be occasional inaccuracies in
word choice and collocation
• Produces rare errors in spelling and/ or word formation
• Uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision
7 • Uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation
• May produce occasional errors in word choice, spelling and/ or word formation
9 lexical features
• Rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’
• Uses a wide range of vocabulary fluently and flexibly to convey precise meanings
8 • Skilfully uses uncommon lexical items but there may be occasional inaccuracies in
word choice and collocation
• Produces rare errors in spelling and/ or word formation
• Uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision
7 • Uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation
• May produce occasional errors in word choice, spelling and/ or word formation
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE It is important to use different
words which mean good. This
shows the IELTS examiner that
Dear Charles, you have a range of language
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE
This is an informal phrase
which we can use in a
negative sentence to mean
Dear Charles, (not) at all
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE
This word means
immediately, and is
slightly less formal
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE It is good to know different verbs which
mean to see. To spot means to notice
something you are looking for, which is
Dear Charles, important and difficult to see
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE These phrases emphasise the fact
that we really mean what we are
saying. They add feeling, which is
Dear Charles,
useful in an informal letter
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE These phrases emphasise the fact
that we really mean what we are
saying. They add feeling, which is
Dear Charles,
useful in an informal letter
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
This word means the best part. It
LEXICAL RESOURCE is good to know alternatives to
words such as like, enjoy or have
Dear Charles, a good time
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE It is good to know ways of
describing what you can see. To
overlook means to offer a view
Dear Charles, of something from above
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE The sunset happens when the
sun goes down in the evening.
The sunrise happens when the
Dear Charles, sun comes up in the morning
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE To reminisce is to think and talk
about happy events in the past.
Knowing complex verbs like this
Dear Charles, can impress the IELTS examiner
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
This word is applied to food
LEXICAL RESOURCE which is extremely tasty.
Scrumptious shows the writer’s
Dear Charles, strong positive feeling. It is a
complex word
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE
This word is applied to food which is extremely
tasty. Mouth-watering shows the writer’s strong
positive feeling. It is a complex word. The examiner
Dear Charles, will also be impressed that the writer avoids
repetition
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
LEXICAL RESOURCE
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
To cherish is a complex verb which shows feeling. It means to look
after an object or memory because it is very valuable to you
LEXICAL RESOURCE
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed
a bit! I recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been
the highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake,
watching the sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a
scrumptious meal was simply fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I
truly wish I was back there now, enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks
she prepared. I will cherish the memory of my stay for as long as I live.
This is a complex phrase which means for all of my life. It is
often used when a writer wants to show strong feelings
LEXICAL RESOURCE
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could
get to know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy
little village just a stone's throw from the mountains. There are breath-taking
views! We know your wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can
persuade her to join you. Would early summer be convenient for you? My wife
can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
To be keen on means to be
With warmest wishes enthusiastic about or to like. It
is important to know complex
Lionel ways of describing feelings
LEXICAL RESOURCE
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could
get to know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy
little village just a stone's throw from the mountains. There are breath-taking
views! We know your wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can
persuade her to join you. Would early summer be convenient for you? My wife
can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
This phrase shows that you are very
With warmest wishes enthusiastic about something, and you want it
to happen very soon. It is important to be able
Lionel to express feelings in a complex way in IELTS
General informal letters
LEXICAL RESOURCE
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could
get to know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy
little village just a stone's throw from the mountains. There are breath-taking
views! We know your wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can
persuade her to join you. Would early summer be convenient for you? My wife
can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
We can use back to mean
With warmest wishes return, in verbs like write
back, come back and
Lionel bring back
LEXICAL RESOURCE
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could
get to know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy
little village just a stone's throw from the mountains. There are breath-taking
views! We know your wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can
persuade her to join you. Would early summer be convenient for you? My wife
can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
This informal phrase
With warmest wishes means to give
information
Lionel
Copyright
Video Lesson
General Writing Task 1
GENERAL WRITING
TA S K 1
Informal letter
Thanking a friend for a holiday
(part 3)
IN THIS LESSON…
• TASK ACHIEVEMENT
• COHERENCE AND COHESION
• LEXICAL RESOURCE
• GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
• STRATEGY
• QUIZ
LOOK AT THE TASK 1 GENERAL QUESTION
You have recently been to stay with an old friend for a few days.You hadn't seen each other
for a long time. Write a letter to your friend. In your letter:
6 • Makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce
communication
IELTS BAND DESCRIPTORS GENERAL WRITING
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
BAND DESCRIPTOR
• Uses a wide range of structures with full flexibility and accuracy
6 • Makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce
communication
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. The structure it + to be + adjective
+ infinitive is very common. Using
common structures makes your
writing closer to native-speaker level
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. With non-gradable
adverbs we must
use non-gradable
adjectives
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
Here we could write such a
of my stay for as long as I live. long time. We use adjectives
and adverbs with so and a
noun phrase with such
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. The present perfect is used here
to refer to something which
happened (or didn’t happen) in the
past, and the result in the present
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. Here the simple past is used to
refer to an event which
happened and finished in the past
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. We can use as soon as
followed by a subject
and a verb. It means
immediately after
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. On is a preposition of place,
often used to describe
something above a flat surface
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. We use the because it is clear
which platform we are referring
to (the platform where Charles
was waiting for Lionel’s train)
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live.
We can often use the –ing form
of a verb as a verbal noun. If we
do, it is very often the subject of
a sentence or clause
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. The present perfect is used
for a past event which
happened in a period of time
which continues until now
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. We could write …which
overlooks the lake but
can replace this with a
participle clause
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. We use the here because it is
clear to everyone which lake we
are writing about (the lake near
Charles’ house)
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. We use the here because it is
clear to everyone which sunset
we are writing about (the sunset
which they saw by the lake)
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. We use the here because it is clear to everyone
which good old days we are writing about (the
good old days which they shared when they
were younger)
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. We use the here because it is clear to
everyone which memory we are
writing about (the memory of Lionel’s
stay at Charles’ house)
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. To wish + a subjunctive
(which looks like a simple
past) can be used when we
want something now or in
the future to be different
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live.
This is a continuous form. The
writer is referring to now. We
often use continuous forms to
describe this exact moment
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. We do not need which
here because it is the
object of a defining
relative clause
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. We can use will to make
future promises. IELTS
examiners are impressed
when candidates use will and
going to correctly
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Dear Charles,
It was absolutely wonderful to see you again after so long.You haven’t changed a bit! I
recognised you straightaway, as soon as I spotted you on the platform.
I can honestly say that staying with you and your delightful family has been the
highlight of my year so far. Sitting on the balcony overlooking the lake, watching the
sunset and reminiscing about the good old days over a scrumptious meal was simply
fantastic! Your wife is an incredible cook and I truly wish I was back there now,
enjoying one of those mouth-watering steaks she prepared. I will cherish the memory
of my stay for as long as I live. As…as can be used
with an adjective to
indicate that two
things are the same
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
The structure subject + verb
With warmest wishes
+ object + infinitive is widely
used. Including it brings your
Lionel
writing closer to native-
speaker level
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
The structure subject + verb
With warmest wishes
+ object + infinitive is widely
used. Including it brings your
Lionel
writing closer to native-
speaker level
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
We can use could for a
With warmest wishes future possibility. Using a
range of modal verbs
Lionel makes your writing more
impressive
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
We use there is/are to
With warmest wishes indicate that something
exists. There is/are can be
Lionel used in most forms/tenses
except continuous ones
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
If we use a verb after a
With warmest wishes preposition, it is
usually in the –ing
Lionel form
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her. We can use would to form polite questions
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Lionel
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her. Second verbs are often
in the infinitive form
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Lionel
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
The present perfect can be used to
With warmest wishes describe actions in the recent past
with a present result. The
Lionel continuous form is used here to
show that Lionel has told his wife
continuously or repeatedly
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY
Now we’re back in touch I would love you to come over to Wales so you could get to
know my family. As I mentioned, we live in a quaint cottage in a sleepy little village just
a stone's throw from the mountains.There are breath-taking views! We know your
wife isn’t keen on travelling but we hope you can persuade her to join you. Would
early summer be convenient for you? My wife can’t wait to meet you after all I’ve
been telling her.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.
Anyway, please write back and let us know when you would be able to come.