Ut 03-06

DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL
FARIDABAD
ASSIGNMENT 2023–24
UNIT - II
CLASS - X
DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, FARIDABAD
Class -X
Assignment
2023-2024
Unit II, Semester - 1
Subject : English
Section - A
A.1 Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
1. 1 Floods are not new to India and this subcontinent, but in recent years the problem of flooding
has received much greater attention, perhaps largely because it has led to greater damage
now than it did in the past. Even though information on the impending occurrence of floods is
now more accurate and certainly more timely, often there is very little time or support
infrastructure in place by which damage can be minimised. This is particularly true in the case
of flash floods resulting from sudden and excessive heavy rain.
2. In the case of India, flooding is very much related to the seasonal nature of our rainfall. The
monsoons are spread over a short period during the year and often bring a concentrated
volume of rain, which cannot be absorbed by the earth and finds an outlet only in the form of
streams that join up with our major river systems. Flooding due to heavy rain is confined not
only to the main rivers of the country, but also affects smaller tributaries and streams. Once
these streams spill over their banks they could cause excessive harm, mainly because those
living near the banks of these streams, particularly in mountain areas, do not have easy recourse
to moving away quickly.
3. One major factor that could lead to a higher severity of flooding in the future is the danger of
climate change. While the evidence of the nature of impacts, resulting from climate change on
precipitation and flooding at the regional level, is not entirely clear, it could happen that the
Indian subcontinent witnesses and suffers the effects of a significantly changed pattern of
monsoons. One set of scientists has estimated that the monsoons could be shorter in duration
but far more intensive; in other words, much greater precipitation would take place in a much
shorter period of time, thereby increasing the danger of floods. Climate change is the result of
human actions through the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,
of which carbon dioxide is the most prominent.
4. At the local level also human actions have heightened the danger of floods through the cutting
of trees in the mountains as well as in the plains. In case of India, the ecological damage
through deforestation of the Himalayas has led to large-scale erosion of the mountain slopes
and high levels of siltation. These lead to the deposition of silt on the riverbeds in the plains and
hence spillover of water whenever the volume in the river reaches a certain level. With siltation
on the riverbeds, flooding occurs even at very shallow water levels. The vulnerability of the
population has increased substantially because of population pressures. An example is the
stubborn and perhaps helpless settling of slum dwellers on the banks of the river Yamuna in
Delhi, who become victims of flooding. What is a mere trickle most of the year, bursts its banks
during the monsoons, as has been the case in recent years.
5. Flood forecasting is critical to minimising the damage from floods. It is for this reason that the
Central Water Commission has set up a network of forecasting stations, which cover the most
important flood-prone interstate rivers in the country. These stations produce forecasts that
are used to alert the public and to mobilize various official agencies so that they take both
preventive as well as relief measures, whenever required. However, even in cases where
forecasts have been timely and generally accurate, people have often been reluctant to move
away, because in most cases they lack the means and physical options for moving away from
a danger zone to one that is relatively safe. In the case of flash floods, forecasts are difficult to
make, and often the time available for relief is very short.
1
1.1 Based on your understanding of the passage, answer the questions given below:
i. The problem of floods has been considered more important recently because
a. floods have led to much greater damage now than in the past.
b. floods are resulting in increased relocation.
c. floods occur only during the monsoon season.
d. of problems of frequent tornadoes and cyclones in the subcontinent.
ii. Specify the option that displays what the writer projects with reference to the
following statement. One major factor that could lead to higher severity of flooding
in the future is the danger of climate change.
a. helplessness
b. speculative
c. denial
d. conviction
iii. Complete the following with a phrase from paragraph 3
Opinion:
Some scientists estimate that shorter duration of monsoon season leads to
more intensive rainfall.
Reason:______________________________________________
iv. The writer claims that flood forecasting is critical to minimising the damage from
floods. State one reason for the claim.
v. Even when the prediction is accurate, people do not evacuate the places where
the warning is given.
a. True b. False
vi. Supply one point to justify the following:
The worst hit people are slum dwellers.
vii. Based on your reading of the text, list two reasons why the writer says that in
spite of timely forecasting people have suffered.
viii. The writer says that forecasts are difficult to make and time available is very
short. Select the reason for it.
a. Flash floods b. Cyclonic rain
c. Tornadoes d. Landslides
ix. What connect does the writer draw between tributaries and floods? (Para 2)
x. Which of the following statements is/are false?
The vulnerability of the population has increased substantially because of
population pressures symbolised by:
I. People are superstitious.
II. Difficult to evacuate flood-affected areas.
Select the correct option:
a. Only I b. Only II
c. Both I and II d. None of the above
2
A.2 Read the following table displaying the details of five House Captains.
A.2.1 i. Identify the person who is likely to ask many 'why' questions, and support your
choice with one reason.
ii. Which house captain is most likely to struggle the most with handling stress
during the school's annual inter-house sports tournament?
a. Rohit b. Sanya
c. Rajat d. Ananya
iii. Give two justifications for Sanya being the best fit to lead a school-wide initiative
to promote mental health and well-being among students.
iv. Select the correct option to fill the blank and complete the analogy.
_____________ : paint brush :: Rajat : tabla
a. Rohit b. Sanya
c. Aryan d. Ananya
v. Based on the personal qualities of the House Captains, why is Rajat the most
likely to be a collaborative worker?
vi. Complete the given sentence with the appropriate reason, with reference to the
information in the table.
We can infer that Aryan's overall performance may be negatively impacted by
his weakness in time management because ____________________.
3
vii. Explain briefly why situation (b), from the three situations given below, showcases
Ananya's motto, 'Lead by example'?
a. During a group project, Ananya assigns each team member specific tasks
and sets a high standard for the project's quality. She tells them to actively
participate in the project and take it to fruition.
b. During a house debate competition, Ananya notices that a few of her house
members are struggling to articulate their arguments effectively. Ananya
takes the time to listen to their concerns and provides constructive
feedback and support.
c. During a fundraising event, Ananya volunteers to be in charge of organizing
and coordinating the event but she frequently delegates tasks to others
and attends to her school assignment while her team completes the task
successfully.
viii Select the option that correctly matches the House Captains (a) -(c), to the
trophies (i)-(v).
HOUSE CAPTAINS - (a) RAJAT (b) ANANYA (c) ARYAN
TROPHIES -
A. (a) - (ii) , (b) - (i) , (c) - (iii)

B. (a) - (i) , (b) - (v) , (c) - (iv)
C. (a) - (v) , (b) - (iii) , (c) - (ii)
D. (a) - (iii) , (b) - (iv) , (c) - (i)
ix. Identify the House Captain who fits the saying-Being too hard on oneself.
x. Complete the analogy by picking up a word from the column 'other notable things'
erosion: deposition:: _________: global
Section – B WRITING SKILLS
B.1 As the school Head Girl, write an email, in about 50 words, to the Teacher Coordinator, Student
Enrichment Activities of your school, informing her/him of the need to schedule transport for
the participants of the inter-school dance competition, at the mandated venue. Include a reason
why you would need a smaller vehicle instead of the school bus.
You may copy the given template to write your email.
from:
to:
Cc: transportoffice@gkschool.com
date: July10, 2023, 07:03?PM
subject:
B.2 Write a letter to the librarian, City Library, in not more than 120 words, for purchase and addition
of popular fiction and non-fiction titles in Braille and also the intake of audio books, to promote
inclusion. You are an NGO employee, from the same city. You may use ideas from Unit 2:
Education, along with your own ideas to write this letter.
B.3. Write a letter to the Councillor of your ward, drawing attention to the need for vocational training
camps in the Community Centre of your locality for the skill enhancement and employability of
the youth. Write the letter in not more than 120 words. You may use ideas from Unit 2: Education,
along with your own ideas to write this letter.
4
Section – C Grammar
Integrated Grammar
1. Omission
Before Missing After
A. There various entry points There are various
a. to India most foreigners ......... ......... .........
b. land Delhi and a ......... ......... .........
c. good proportion of head for ......... ......... .........
d. the main bazaar, is India’s ......... ......... .........
e. craziest street. It situated close to the ......... ......... .........
Delhi Railway Station.
f. The main bazaar is packed foreigners ......... ......... .........
g. from all the world. Frequent ......... ......... .........
h. power-cuts affect area and the ......... ......... .........
i. ugly sound growling generators ......... ......... .........
j. is common phenomenon. ......... ......... .........
Before Missing After
B. When in evening Hari Ram’s son did not come, he in the evening
a. and his wife very much sad and worried. The son ......... ......... .........
b. arrived three days. When Hari Ram asked him where ......... ......... .........
c. he was for three days, he replied that he had to Goa ......... ......... .........
d. and not return due to the late running of the train. ......... ......... .........
e. Hari Ram asked him to inform him he went out again. ......... ......... .........
f. The son told him that he do so in future. He ......... ......... .........
g. stuck his promise and never gave ......... ......... .........
h. chance of complaint to anybody. ......... ......... .........
2. Gap - Filling
Choose the best word from the options given below to complete the following letter.
Dear Daddy
I hope all’s well with you. Everything is fine here. I am sorry I (i) ______________ write earlier.
I was busy with my coaching camp (ii) ______________ is now over. After the annual
examination most of (iii) ______________ boarders have left for their homes. Only a few like
me (iv)______________ left behind. I can’t express how badly I miss you all. I don’t know
(v)______________ I’ll be able to join you. Dad, I hate (vi) ______________ a boarder. How
lonely it is to stay here during the vacation! The few inmates left are not only boring but also
nasty. I hope you will come to my rescue soon.
Your son
Ravindra
i. a. couldn’t b. hasn’t c. have not d. hadn’t
ii. a. which b. being c. to d. only
iii. a. which b. the c. are d. when
iv. a. couldn’t b. which c. when d. are
v. a. the b. being c. when d. am
vi. a. being b. which c. to d. couldn’t
5
3. Reported Speech
a. Ritu Hello Reena! Do you know that the school trip to Mussoorie has been
cancelled?
Reena No, I didn't know that. Why has the trip been cancelled?
Ritu Our school Principal is a little worried about our safety.
Reena Why is she worried?
Ritu It has been raining heavily during the past four weeks. Our Principal feels
that a landslide could occur in that area.
Ritu met Reena and asked her (i) cancelled. Reena replied that she didn’t know
that. She asked Ritu (ii) . Ritu told her that (iii) . Reena asked her
why she was worried. Ritu told her (iv) during the past four weeks and their
Principal felt that a landslide could occur in that area.
b. Hemant How long have you been living in Delhi?
Prateek I have been living here for the last three years. My parents and I shall be
leaving for Mumbai as soon, as my father is posted there.
Hemant When will you all be leaving?
Prateek We will be leaving by the first week of next month.
Hemant asked Prateek (i) Delhi. Prateek replied (ii) . He further
added that his parents and he (iii) as his father was posted there. Hemant asked
him (iv) . Prateek replied that they would be leaving by the first week of the
following month.
Reordering
4. Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences. The first
one has been done for you as an example.
e.g., is/it/important / protect / to / our / environment
It is important to protect our environment.
a. to / very / deforestation / can / to be / prove / damaging / Mother Earth
b. should / individual / his / each / a / on / plant / tree / birthday
c. must / we / live / that / we / understand / trees / cannot / without
d. if /we / to / encourage / we / must / afforestation / the / want / keep / Earth / green
5. Editing
Incorrect Correct
A The passenger were waiting at the passenger passengers
a. station when five policemen rushing ................ ................
b. into difference compartments of a ................ ................
c. train. After some times one of them ................ ................
d. comes out with two young men ................ ................
e. and soon the other policemen joined her. ................ ................
f. The men which had been arrested ................ ................
g. was been caught for a theft. ................ ................
h. They had stealed two cars and a motorcycle. ................ ................
Incorrect Correct
B Kodaikanal or Kodai hills are a serene hill station are is
a. who remains still unspoilt by the evils of urbanisation. ................ ................
b. Set high to the Palani Hills at an altitude of ................ ................
c. over 2100 metres, Kodai Hills is a 120 km drive to Madurai. ................ ................
d. Surrounded by natural forests, it has a lake
who is spread ................ ................
6
e. out in a star shape over sixty acres.
Kodai is endows with ................ ................
f. thickly wooded slopes with waterfalls which
fascinates one and all. ................ ................
g. The all-around beauty is so attraction that one ................ ................
h. mayn’t resist visiting it again and again. ................ ................
Section – D (Literature)
The Letter
a. Read the extract and answer the questions that follow.
1. 'Now he understood the meaning of love and separation. He could no
longer enjoy the sportsman's pleasure and laughter.'
i. Who is 'he' referred to?
ii. What kind of life was he leading?
iii. What led to his present state?
iv. What do you understand by 'sportsman's pleasure'?
2. 'Tortured by doubt and remorse, he sat down in the glow of charcoal sigri
to wait.'
i. Who is tortured by doubt and remorse?
ii. What do you mean by the word 'remorse'?
iii. What is 'he' waiting for?
iv. How has his character transformed?
Short Answer Questions
1. 'Ali displays qualities of love and patience'. Give evidence from the story to support
this statement.
2. Explain Ali's dictum, 'The whole universe is built up through love and the grief of
separation is inescapable.'
3. What kind of treatment was meted out to Ali at the Post Office?
4. Describe Ali's early days as a clever shikari.
Long Question
Imagine you are the postmaster. After placing Miriam's letter on Ali's grave you write back
to her giving her the news of Ali's demise. Using the right tone, describe how he changed
your attitude.
Not Marble, Nor the Gilded Monuments
a. Read the extract and answer the questions that follow.
1. Not marble, nor the gilded monuments of princes, shall outlive this
powerful rhyme.
i. Who is the poet of this verse?
ii. What does he mean by 'gilded monuments'?
iii. Explain the expression 'shall outlive this powerful rhyme.'
iv. What will be 'out lived'?
2. But you shall shine more bright in these contents
than unswept stone, besmear'd with sluttish time.
i. Who is 'you' in these lines?
ii. What do 'these contents' here refer to?
iii. What do you mean by'sluttish time' here?
iv. Which poetic device has been used here?
7
1. Why do rich and powerful people get monuments erected?
2. In what way is poetry more powerful than symbols of wealth and might?
3. What will happen on the day of judgement?
4. Why are wars called wasteful?
Long Question
Elaborete on the Proverb 'Pen is mightier than the sword'.
The Frog and the Nightingale
a. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
1. Dumbstruck sat the gaping frog.
And the whole admiring Bog
Stared towards the sumac, rapt.
And, when she had ended, clapped
i. The frog was dumbstruck .
ii. The phrase, 'whole admiring Bog' means
iii. Name the poetic device used in the second last line.
iv. What was the impact of the nightingale's song on the audience?
2. 'Well, poor bird she should have known
That your song must be your own
That's why I sing with panache
'Koo-oh-ah! ko-ash!
And the foghorn of the frog
Blared unrivalled through the bog.
i. Why is the nightingale referred to as 'a poor bird'?
ii. Why did the frog make her sing with all her might?
iii. Which trait of the frog's character is reflected in these lines?
iv. What does 'panache' mean?
3. 'Dearest frog' the nightingale
Breathed, 'This is a fairytale
And you are Mozart in disguise
Come to earth before my eyes'
i. Who was Mozart?
ii. Why does the nightingale call the frog 'Mozart'?
iii. What aspect of the nightingale's nature is seen here?
iv. What does the word 'fairytale' imply?
1. How did the bog react to the frog's singing?
2. How was the frog's joy both sweet and bitter?
3. What is the irony in the poem?
4. What was the impact of the frog's training on the nightingale?
Long Question
Even though both, the frog from Vikram Seth's poem, The Frog and the Nightingale and
Abel 's children from the play, The Dear Departed, display greed, there are differences.
Elaborate, in about 150 words, how the greed of the frog and that of Abel's children differ
in motivation, actions, relationship, and consequences.
8
Class - X
Assignment
2023-24
Subject: Maths
Ch 1 Triangles
Section A
Q1. Which of the following are definitely similar to each other?

a. Any two rhombuses b. Any two right triangles
c. Any two regular pentagons d. Any two isosceles triangles
Q2. Leela has a triangular cabinet that fits under her staircase. There are four parallel shelves as
shown below:
The total height of the cabinet is 144cm. What is the maximum height of a book that can
stand upright on the bottom most shelf?
a. 18cm b. 36cm
c. 54cm d. 86.4cm
Q3. Shown below is a rectangle PQRS. ∠UTQ is a right angle.
Which of these is true about ∆USTand∆TRQ?

a. The perimeters are in the ratio 16:81
b. The ratio of ∠ : ∠ RTQ is 4:9
9
c. The ratio of US : TR is 4:9
d. The ratio of US : QR is 4:9
Q4. In the given figure, P and Q are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a triangle
ABC. PQ is parallel to BC and divides the triangle ABC into 2 parts, equal in area. The ratio
of PA: AB =
a. 1:1 b. (√2 − 1)∶ √2

c. 1:√2 d. (√2 − 1)∶1
Q5 In the given figure, if ABCD is a trapezium in which ∥ ∥ , then =
a. 2 / b. 2 /
c. / d. /
Q6. In a Mathematics class, the teacher drew the following figure, where = . Which of the
following is sufficient to prove that ∆TQP ~∆RQS?
a. = b. ∠ = ∠
c. = d. Either of b or c
Q7. If ΔABC ~ ΔRPQ, AB = 3cm, BC = 5cm, AC = 6cm, RP = 6cm and PQ = 10cm, then what
is value of QR.
a. 11cm b. 12cm
c. 15cm d. None of these
10
Q8. Ramu is 6 feet tall. At an instant his shadow is 5 feet long. At the same instant the shadow of
a pole is 30 feet long. How tall is the pole.
a. 12 feet b. 24 feet
c. 30feet d. 36 feet
Q9. Assertion (A): In the ∆ABC, AB = 24 cm, BC = 10 cm and AC = 26 cm, then ∆ABC is a right
angle triangle.
Reason (R): If in two triangles, their corresponding angles are equal, then the triangles are
similar.
a. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
b. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of assertion (A).
c. Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
d. Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q10. Assertion (A) If in a △ABC, a line DE∥BC, intersects AB in D and AC in E, then AD/AB=AE/AC.
Reason ( R) If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle intersecting the other two sides, then
the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
assertion (A).
of assertion (A).
Section B
Q11. Are the quadrilateral shown below similar? Give reason to justify your answer.
11
Q12. Find the value of x for which AB||PQ in given figure.
Q13. In a ΔABC, AD is the bisector of ∠BAC. If AB = 6cm, AC = 5 cm and BD = 3cm. Find DC.
Q14. In the given figure ΔABC ~ ΔPQR, find y+z
Q15. In the given figure, if AB || DC, find the value of x.

D C
3
x-
2 x+
O x-
5 1
x+
A B
Q16. An insect sitting at corner P of a room flies along the dotted lines PS and reaches corner S.
Whereas, an ant sitting at corner P, reaches corner S by crawling along the path PR,
followed by RS. Both the paths are shown below :
i. Find the length of the path taken by the ant.

ii. Find the length of the insect’s flight.
12
Q17. In the figure below, OPQ is a triangle with OP =OQ. RS is an arc of a circle with centre O.
Triangle OSR is similar to triangle OPQ. Is this statement true or false? Give reason to justify
your answer.
Q18. A geologist asked his assistant Annie, if the length of the lake, PQ can be found from the
information shown below:
Annie said, “It is possible to find length of the lake, PQ.”

Is Annie’s statement correct? Justify your answer
Q19. Shown below is a sector of a circle with centre P. All lengths are measured in cm and all
vertical lines are parallel to Y-Axis.
What is the length of PE?
Q20. In the given figure, QR = 4cm, RP = 8cm and ST = 6 cm.
If the perimeter of ∆ STU is 27cm, find the length of PQ
13
Section C
Q21. Sonali is standing on one side of a 7 m wide road as shown below.
She wants to estimate the distance (D) between two light poles on the other side without
crossing the road. Find her answer in terms of and .
Q22. In the figure if AB || DC and AC and PQ intersect each other at the point O, prove that OA .
CQ = OC . AP.
Q23. Let X be any point on the side BC of a triangle ABC. If XM, XN are drawn parallel to BA and CA
meeting CA, BA in M, N respectively; MN meets BC produced in T, prove that TX2=TB x TC.
14
Q24. In the given figure, CD is the perpendicular bisector of AB. EF is perpendicular to CD. AE
intersects CD at G. Prove that = .
Q25. In the given figure ABCD is a parallelogram. BE bisects CD at M and intersects AC at L.

prove that EL =2BL.
Q26. Shown below is a circle with centre O. YX is the tangent to the circle at Y.
i. Prove that ∆ ZWY ~∆ ZYX

ii. Find ZY
Section D
Q27. In a triangle PQR, N is a point on PR such that QN ⊥ PR. If PN. NR = QN2, prove that ∠PQR
= 90°.
Q28. O is the point of intersection of the diagonals AC and BD of a trapezium ABCD with
AB || DC. Through O, a line segment PQ is drawn parallel to AB meeting AD in P and BC in
Q, prove that PO = QO.
15
Q29. In figure, line segment DF intersects the side AC of a ΔABC at the point E such that E is the mid –
point of CA and ∠AEF = ∠AFE. Prove that BD/CD=BF/CE.
Q30. The side BC of a triangle ABC is bisected at D; O is any point in AD. BO and CO produced meet AC
and AB in E and F respectively and AD is produced to X so that D is the mid-point of OX. Prove that
AO:AX=AF:AB and show that FE||BC.
Q31. In given figure two poles of height a metres and b metres are p metres apart. Prove that the height of
the point of intersection of the lines joining the top of each pole to the foot of the opposite pole is
given by meters.
16
Section E
Q32. By using properties of similar triangles, Vijay is trying to find the average height of a tower.
The height of Vijay’s house is 20m and casts a shadow 10m long on the ground. At the
same time, the tower casts a shadow 50m long on the ground and the house of Ajay casts
20m long shadow on the ground.
i. What is the height of the tower?

ii. What is the height of Ajay’s house?
iii. When the tower casts a shadow of 40m, at the same time what will be the length of the
shadow of Ajay’s House?
17
Ch 2 Statistics
Section A
Q1. Shown below are number line representations of the medians of two different data sets
Which of the two representations of median could be correct?

a. Data set 1 b. data set 2
c. both data set1 and set2 d. none of these
Q2. A survey was conducted on 80 gamers on how many games did they play in a day. The data
is given below :
Which of the following is the modal class?

a. 1-2 b. 2-3
c. 4-5 d. 7-8
Q3. The marks obtained by a set of students in an exam are recorded in a grouped frequency
table. The maximum number of students are found to be in the range of (70-80) marks.
If the number of students in the ranges (Class interval) before and after the (70-80) range
are equal, which of the following is the mode of the data?
a. 70 marks
b. 75 marks
c. 80 marks
d. (mode cannot be found as frequency is not given)
18
Q4. The heights of plants in Dipti's garden are recorded in the table given below. The median
plant height is 55 cm.
Which of the following is the value of x?

a. 1
b. 2
c. 8
d. (the value of x cannot be found without knowing the total number of plants)
Q5. Consider the following frequency distribution of the heights of 60 students of a class:
The sum of the lower limit of the modal class and upper limit of the median class is
a. 310 b. 315
c. 320 c. 330
Q6. Construction of a cumulative frequency table is useful in determining the
a. mean b. median
c. mode d. all the above three measures
Q7. The mean of first n natural number is

( )
a. b. n(n+1)
( )
c. d. (n+1)
Q8. If median is 137 and mean is 137.05, then the value of mode is
a. 156.90 b. 136.90
c. 186.90 d. 206.90
Q9. Assertion (A): The arithmetic mean of the following frequency distribution is 13.81
∑
Reason(R): ∑
assertion (A).
of assertion (A).
Q10. Assertion: If the value of mode and mean is 60 and 66 then the value of median is 64
Reason: median= (mode+2mean)
assertion (A).
19
of assertion (A).
Section B
Q11 The times, in seconds, taken by 150 athletes to run a 110 m hurdle race are tabulated
below:
How many athletes completed the race in less than 14.6 seconds?
Q12. Find the average of first ten prime numbers.
Q13. If ui = ,∑ = 20 and ∑ =100 then find ̅.
Q14. If ui=xi–900, ∑ = –400 and ∑ =100 then find ̅.
Q15. If mode of the data 2,4,6,7,5,6,10,6,7,2k+1, 9,7,13 is 7,then find the value of K.
Q16. Given below is a cumulative frequency table. Convert it into grouped frequency distribution.
Q17. For the following distribution, find the modal class.
Q18. Find the unknown entries a, b, c, d, e and f in the following distribution of heights of students
in a class
20
Q19. The mode of the following data is 36. Find x
Q20. A class teacher has the following absentee record of 40 students of a class for the whole
term.
Find the mean number of days a student was absent.
Section C
Q21. If the mean of the following frequency distribution is 91, and sum of frequency is 150, find
the missing frequency x and y.
Q22. The median of the following data is 50. Find the values of p and q, if the sum of all the
frequencies is 90.
Q23. The following is the distribution of height of students of a certain class in a certain city:
Height(in cms) : 160-162 163-165 166-168 169-171 172-174

No.of students : 15 118 142 127 18
Find the mode and the mean of given data.
Q24. Find the mean marks for the following data:
Marks No. of Students

Below 10 5
Below 20 9
Below 30 17
Below 40 29
Below 50 45
Below 60 60
Below 70 70
Below 80 78
Below 90 83
Below100 85
21
Q25. A survey regarding the height (in cm) of 51 girls of class X of a school was conducted and
the following data was obtained. Find the median height.
Less than Less than Less than Less than Less than Less than
Height (in cm)
140 145 150 155 160 165
No. of girls 4 11 29 40 46 51
Q26. Marks of 120 students of class 10 are as shown below. Find the mean marks.
Marks No. of Students

10 and above 120
20 and above 105
30 and above 93
40 and above 70
50 and above 50
60 and above 27
70 and above 12
80 and above 7
90 and above 0
Section D
Q27. Find the missing frequencies f1, f2 and f3 in the following frequency distribution when it is
given that f2:f3 is 4:3 and mean=50
Q28. Thirty women were examined in a hospital by a doctor and the number of heart beats per
minute were recorded and summarised as follows. Find the mean, mode and median heart
beats per minute for these women, choosing a suitable method.
Q29 The pyramid graph below shows the ages of the 548 Members of Parliament in the 17th Lok
Sabha.
Age distribution of 548 Members of Parliament (MP)
On an average, how much younger is a female MP than a male MP? Round your answer to
the nearest whole number.
22
Q30. A survey conducted on 20 households in a locality by a group of students resulted in the
following frequency table for the number of family members in a household:
Find the mode and median of the above data. Also find the mean using empirical
relationship of measures of central tendency.
Q31. The median and the mode of the following wage distribution are as Rs 33.5 and Rs 34
respectively. Three frequency values are missing. Find the missing frequencies.
Section E
Q32. A Tesla car manufacturing industry wants to declare the mileage of their electric cars. For
this, they recorded the mileage (km/charge) of 100 cars of the same model. Details of which
are given in the following table
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

(i) Find the average mileage of above data
(ii) The modal value of the given data is _______________
(iii) The median value of the given data is___________ more than its modal value
23
Ch 3 Circles from notes
Section A
Q1. In the given figure, ∆PXY is formed using three tangents to a circle centred at O.
Based on the construction, the sum of the lengths of tangents PA and PB is _____________
the perimeter of ∆PXY.
a. Less than b. greater than
c. equal to d. none of these
Q2. Raghav drew the following figure on a board where a circle is inscribed in a quadrilateral
Then he wrote the following relationship:

i. ZW +WX = XY + YZ
ii. ZY + WX = ZW + YX
Which of the above relationships is/are definitely true?
a. Only (i) b. only (ii)
c. both (i) and (ii) d. neither (i) nor (ii)
Q3. A crcle has centre O and radii OQ & OR. Two tangents , PQ and PR, are drawn from an
external point, P.
In addition to the above information, which of these must also be known to conclude that the
quadrilateral is a square?
i. OQ and OR are at an angle of 90°

ii. The tangents meet at an angle of 90°
a. only (i) b. only (ii)
c. either (i) or (ii) d. both (i) and (ii)
24
Q4. Two concentric circles are of radii 10 cm and 6 cm, then the length of the chord of the larger
circle which touches the smaller circle is:
a. 16 cm b. 12 cm
c. 18 cm d. 9 cm
Q5. In the given figure, AB = BC = 10cm. if AC = 7cm, then the length of BP is :
a. 3.5cm b. 7cm
c. 6.5 cm d. 5cm
Q6. In the given figure, AT is a tangent to the circle with centre O such that OT=6cm and ∠OTA=30o.
Find the length of AT.
a. 3cm b. 3√ cm
c. 2 cm d. √ cm
Q7. In the given figure, AC and AB are tangents to a circle cantered at O. If ∠COD= 120°, then
∠ BAO is equal to
a. 30° b. 60°
c. 45° d. 90°
25
Q8. In figure, AB is a chord of the circle and AOC is its diameter such that ∠ACB = 50°. If AT is
the tangent to the circle at the point A, then ∠BAT is equal to
a. 65° b. 60°
c. 50° d. 40°
Q9. Assertion(A): The length of the tangent drawn from a point at a distance of 13cm from the
centre of a circle of radius 5cm is 10cm.
Reason (R): A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact.
assertion (A).
of assertion (A).
Q10. Assertion(A): In given figure, PA and PB are tangents drawn from an external point P to a
circle with centre O. If ∠APB = 80°, then ∠AOB = 100°,
Reason(R ): The angle between two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle is
supplementary to the angle subtended by the line segments joining the points of contact at
the centre.
assertion (A).
of assertion (A).
26
Section B
Q11. In the following figure, O is the centre of the circle and PQ and PS are tangents to the circle
at point Q and S respectively.
What is the measure of ∠QRS.

Q12. In the figure below, a circle with centre O is inscribed inside ∆ LMN. A and B are the points of
tangency. Find ∠ANB.
Q13. In figure, AB is the diameter of a circle with centre O and AT is a tangent. If ∠AOQ = 58°.
Find ∠ATQ.
B
O
58°
Q
A T
Q14. In the following figure, PQ is a chord of a circle with centre O and PT is a tangent. If ∠QPT=55o,
find ∠PRQ.
27
Q15. Shown below is a circle with centre O. NQ is a tangent to the circle.Find ∠ OQN
Q16. ABCD is a square,. CD is a tangent to the circle with centre O as shown in the figure
If OD = CE, what is the ratio of the area of the circle and the area of the square?
Q17. In the figure below, PA is a tangent to the circle with centre O and PCB is a straight line
Find the measure of ∠OBC.
28
Q18. Shown below is a circle with centre O. VP= 34cm, PR = 36 cm and RS = 17cm. U, W, Q and
S are the points of tangency. Find the area of the shaded region in terms of .
Q19. In the figure below, O is the centre of two concentric circles. ∆PQR is an equilateral triangle
such that its vertices and sides touch the bigger and smaller circles respectively. The
difference between the area of the bigger circle and the smaller circle is 616 sq cm. Find the
perimeter of ∆PQR.
Q20. Shown below is a circle with 3 tangents KQ, KP and LM. QL = 2 cm and KL = 6 cm.
PM = KL. Find the measure of ∠LMK?
29
Section C
Q21. Shown below is a circle with centre O and radius 5 units. PM and PN are tangents and the
length of chord MN is 6 units. Find the length of (PM + PN).
Q22. In the figure below, PQ and RQ are tangents to the circle with centre O and radius 6√3 cm.
i. prove that ∆PQR is an equilateral triangle
ii. Find RP
Q23. In the figure below, O is the centre of two concentric circles. ∆ PQR is an equilateral triangle
such that its vertices and sides touch the bigger and smaller circles respectively. The
difference between the area of the bigger circle and the smaller circle is 616 sq cm. Find the
perimeter of ∆ PQR.
30
Q24. Shown below is a circle and 2 congruent squares (PQRS & QTUR). ST, SU and UT are
tangents to the circle. The side length of the square is 10 cm. Find the radius of the circle.
Q25. In the figure below, M and N are the centres of two semi-circles having radii 9 cm and 16 cm
respectively. ST is a common tangent. Find PQ.
Q26. In the given fig, AB is diameter of a circle with centre O and QC is a tangent to the circle at
C. If ∠CAB=30°, Find i. ∠CQA, ii. ∠CBA
30°
A Q
O B
Section D
Q27. A triangle ABC is drawn to circumscribe a circle of radius 4 cm such that the segments BD
and DC are of lengths 10 cm and 8 cm. respectively. Find the lengths of the sides AB and
AC, if it is given that area ∆ ABC = 90 cm2
31
Q28. Two circles with centers O and O' of radii 6cm and 8 cm respectively intersect two points P
and Q such that OP and O'P are tangents to the two circles. Find the length of the common
chord PQ.
Q29. From a point T outside a circle of centre O, tangents TP and TQ are drawn to the circle.
Prove that OT is the right bisector of the line segment PQ.
Q30. A chord PQ of a circle is parallel to the tangent drawn at a point R of the circle. Prove
that R bisects the arc PRQ.
Q31. If a, b, c are the sides of a right triangle where c is the hypotenuse, prove that the radius r of
the circle which touches the sides of the triangle is given by r = (a + b - c)/2 or r = s – c,
where s is the semi-perimeter of the triangle.
Section E
Q32. A Ferris wheel (or a big wheel) is an amusement ride consisting of a rotating upright wheel
with multiple passenger-carrying components (commonly referred to as passenger cars,
cabins, tubs, capsules, gondolas, or pods) attached to the rim in such a way that as the
wheel turns, they are kept upright, usually by gravity. After taking a ride in Ferris wheel, Aarti
came out from the crowd and was observing her friends who were enjoying the ride. She
was curious about the different angles and measures that the wheel will form. She forms the
figure as given below:
1. In the given figure find ∠ROQ
2. Find the measure of ∠ORP

3. Find the supplement of ∠RQP
32
Delhi Public School, Faridabad
Class - X
Assignment
2023-24
Subject : Physics
TOPIC : The Human Eye and the Colourful World.
Section - A
Very short answer type questions:
1 What is power of accommodation of human eye?
2. Why does it appear dark for some time when we enter a room from bright sunlight ?
3. When does a person wear by focal lenses ?
4 Draw a labelled diagram for bifocal lenses .
5. Name 3 phenomena responsible for the formation of rainbow.
6. Why a prism gives spectrum while a glass slab does not while both are made of the same
material ?
7. What is the principle of cinematography?
8. Find corrective power of upper and lower parts of bifocal lenses for a person who can see
clearly from 60 cm to 1 m .
9. Define far point and near point of an eye.What are their values for a normal human eye ?
10. How is the image distance affected in the human eye when the object is moved from infinity to
25 cm.
11. Where does the image form when the object is at (i)25 cm and (ii) infinity for a hypermetropic
eye?
12. Where does the image form when the object is at (i) infinity and (ii) 25 cm for a myopic eye?
Section-B
Short answer type questions :
13. A star appears higher than its actual position. Is it true ?Comment on the statement .
14. Why do stars twinkle but planets do not ?
15. Draw a labelled diagram to show the formation of rainbow .
16. Observe the following diagram and define the phenomenon shown
17. What is the cause for the above phenomenon .

18. Scattering of light by colloidal particles is which type of effect? Give its one application.
33
19. State two necessary conditions for the formation of rainbow in the sky .
20. Draw a labelled diagram showing the path of light through a prism .
21. A prism can disperse and recombine the light. How is this possible? Show by diagram and
who discovered the process .
22. Draw a diagram of human eye and state the function of ciliary muscles, retina and pupil.
23. The part of eye on which image is formed has some type of cells, name the cells and give
their function.
24. Interpret the process of formation of image by an object by eye and identify the part in the
diagram .
Section C
Long answer type questions and Application based questions.
25. A person is unable to see distant objects clearly.
1. What defect of eye is he suffering from ?
2. Where is the image formed ?
3. In this case does the eyeball elongate or short ened
4. Draw a diagram to show the defect and correction for this particular case
5. Which lens is used to correct this effect ?
26. How are hypermetropia and pres byopia different ?
27. Is it possible to consider air as a medium with different refractive index explain how ? Give
one effect of this.
28. What is scattering of light ?Give the relation of colour of scattered light with the size of scattering
particles
29. Give reason for the following:
A. A sky looks blue during day from earth surface
B. sun looks red sunrise and sunset and white during noon
C. Red is used as colour for danger signals.
D. clouds appear white.
30. The far point of a myopic person is 6 m .Calculate the power of the lens he requires for distant
vision.
31. A person cannot see closer than 80 cm. Find the power of the corrective lens required.
32. A person cannot see anything beyond 120 cm clearly.What should be the power of the
corrective lens?
33. The near point of a defective eye is 50 cm from the eye calculate the focal length of the lens
required by her to read a book at 25 cm.
34
Section - D
Assertion & Reason
a. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation of the (A)
b. Both (A) and (R) are free but (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
c. (A) true but (R) is false.
d. (A) false but (R) is tre
1. Assertion (A) : When white light passes through a triangular prism, the emergent light consists
of light of seven colours
Reason (R) : Name of seven colours can be remembered by the acronym VIBGYOR.
2 Assertion (A) : The stars twinkle in night but the planets do not twinkle.
Reason (R) : The stars are much bigger in size than the planets.
3. Assertion (A) : Sky predominantly appears light blue on account of scattering of light.
Reason (R) : Wavelength of blue light is least.
4. Assertion (A) : When a narrow beam of white light passes through a prism, one finds a beautiful
band of colours.
Reason (R) : Issac Newton was the first to use a glass prism to obtain the spectrum of
sunlight.
5. Assertion (A) : Danger signals are invariably made of red colour.
Reason (R) : Since wavelength of red light is maximum out of different colours of white light,
it is scattered the least and signal can be seen even from a far off distance.
6. Assertion (A) : From outer space sky looks dark or black.
Reason (R) : Atmospheric pressure in outer space increases many fold.
7. Assertion (A) : A rainbow formed in sky usually after a rain shower is a natural example of the
spectrum of white light.
Reason (R) : Tiny water droplets hanging in atmosphere act like tiny prisms and form
spectrum due to reflection, dispersion and internal reflection of light.
8. Assertion (A) : In.a movie picture, ordinarily 24 frames are projected per second from one end
to the other end of the complete movie film.
1
Reason (R) : The image formed on retina of eye is sustained upto th of a second after the
16
removal of the stimulus.
9. Assertion (A) : The setting sun appears to be red.
Reason (R) : Scattering of light is directly proportional to its wavelength.
10. Assertion (A) : A prism causes dispersion of light but a rectangular glass slab does not cause
dispersion of light.
Reason (R) : Dispersion of light is the phenomenon of splitting of a beam of white light into
its constituent colours.
11. Assertion (A) : The scattering of longer wavelengths of light increases as the size of the
particles increases.
Reason (R) : Large particles scatter lights of all wavelengths equally well,
12. Assertion (A) : A rainbow is sometimes seen in the sky in rainy season only when observer's
back is towards the Sun.
Reason (R) : Internal reflection in the water droplets cause dispersion and the final rays are
in backward direction.
13. Assertion (A) : Danger signals are made of red colour.
35
Reason (R) : Velocity of red light in air is maximum, so signals are visible even in dark.
Section - E
Case Study - 1
Apparent random wavering or flickering of objects seen through a turbulent stream of hot air rising
above a fire is a common phenomenon observed by most of us. The air just above the fire becomes
hotter than the air further up. The hotter air is lighter ie, its refractive index is less than that of the cooler
air above it. Due to variation in refractive index of air layers refraction of light takes place. Since
physical conditions of the refracting air are not stationary, the apparent position the object, as seen
through the hot air, fluctuates
1. Select the correct statement out of the following:
a. Hotter air is lighter and has a higher value of optical density.
b. Hotter atmospheric air is lighter than cooler air and has a lower value of optical density...
c. Atmospheric air is in a state of continuous oscillatory motion and its optical density
periodically rises and falls
d. Optical density of whole atmosphere is same throughout.
2. Stars twinkle in night sky on account of the phenomenon of
a. scattering of light.
b. dispersion of light
c. luminosity of stars.
d. atmospheric refraction.
3. Which of the following is caused by atmospheric refraction?
a. Advance sunrise and delayed sunset.
b. Apparent bending of a pencil when partly immersed in water. .
c. Bigger appearance of a lemon kept in water in a glass tumbler
d. Reddening of the sun at sunrise and sunset.
4. Which of the following is not caused by atmospheric refraction?
a. Twinkling of stars.
b. Advance sunrise and delayed sunset.
c. Apparent star position appears higher than its true position.
d. Blue colour of sky.
5. The twinkling of stars is due to:
a. the fact that stars do not emit light continuously.
b. the fact that refractive index of the earth's atmosphere fluctuates with time.
c. intermittent absorption of star light by its own atmosphere.
d. intermittent absorption of star light by outer atmosphere of earth.
Case Study - 2
When a beam of light is refracted through a triangular transparent glass prism, the peculiar shape of
the prism makes the emergent ray bend at an angle to the direction of incident ray. The angle between
the direction of emergent ray and extended direction of incident ray is called "angle of deviation".
Numerical value of angle of deviation of a ray of light depends on the angle of prism, angle of incidence
and the colour (or wavelength) of light.
When a ray of white light passes through a given prism, the angle of deviation varies from colour to
36
colour. It is maximum for violet light and minimum for red light. As a result in the emergent light we
obtain a band of seven colours which is known as the spectrum of white light.
1. In which of the following figure angle of deviation D has been shown correctly?
a. b.
b. d.
2. The cause of spectrum formation when a narrow beam of white light passes through a prism
is:
a. deviation of light b. dispersion of light
c. refraction of light d. reflection of light
3. During dispersion of white light while passing through a prism, which coloured ray suffers
maximum deviation and which colour suffers minimum deviation ?
a. Violet maximum, Red minimum b. Violet minimum, Red maximum
c. Blue minimum, Green maximum d. Blue maximum, Green minimum
4. Which of the following is a natural example of spectrum formation?
a. Beautiful colours of soap bubbles b. Tyndall effect
c. Rainbow d. Reddening of sun at the time of sunset
5. Select the only wrong statement :
a. Newton was the first to use a glass prism to obtain spectrum of sunlight.
b. Spectrum of white light can be recombined to produce white light again.
c. The splitting of light into its constituent colours is called dispersion.
d. Refractive index of prism is maximum for red colour and minimum for violet colour.
37
Delhi Public School, Faridabad
Class - X
Assignment
2023-24
Subject : Chemistry
Ch 1. : ACID BASES & SALTS
SECTION - A
Q.1 What is the role of tartaric acid in baking powder?
Q.2 Write the chemical formula of blue vitriol?
Q.3 Explain the role of HCl present in the stomach?
Q.4 What is the effect of dilution on an acid or base?
Q.5 Explain why acids are not kept in metal containers?
Q.6 State the chemical property in each case on which the following uses of baking soda are
based:
i. As an antacid
ii. As a constituent of baking powder.
Q.7 Define water of crystallisation?
Q.8 Define olfactory indicators.
Q.9 While diluting an acid why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and
not water to the acid?
Q.10 Sea water contains many salts dissolved in it. How can the salt that we use in the food
is obtained?
Q.11 Which of these has higher concentration of H + ions? IMHCI or IMCH3COOH
Q.12 How is the concentration of H3O+ ion affected when a solution of an acid is diluted.
Q.13 The pH of a soil A is 7.0 and that of soil B is 4. Which of these should be treated with chalk
and why?
Section B
Q.1 State reason for the following statements
i. Tap water conducts electricity whereas distilled water does not.
ii. Dry hydrogen chloride gas does not turn blue litmus red whereas dilute
hydrochloric acid does.
iii. During the summer season, a milkman usually adds a very small amount of baking
soda to fresh milk.
iv. For a dilution of acid, acid is added into water and not water into acid.
v. Ammonia is a base but does not contain hydroxyl group.
Q.2 Define the following, giving example
a. Alkali b. Acid
c. Hydrated salt d. Efflorescence
e. Acid-base indicator
Q.3 a. What is baking powder? How does it make the cake soft and spongy?
b. In addition to sodium hydrogen carbonate, baking powder contains a substance X.
Name the substance X. What is the role of substance X in the baking powder?
c. State the two uses of sodium hydroxide.
Q.4 Differentiate the following
a. Acidic salt & Basic salt
38
b. Hydracted salt & Anhydrous salt
Q.5 List the important products of chlor - alkali process.
Section C
Q.1 a. What happens when zinc granules are heated with sodium hydroxide solution?
b. What does pH stand for? What does it indicate?
Q.2 a. What is gypsum? What happens when gypsum is heated at 100?
b. What is the common name of the compound CaOCl2?
c. Explain why chlorine is used for sterilising the drinking water supply?
Q.3 Answer the following-
a. Compounds such as alcohol and glucose also contain hydrogen but are not categorised
as acids. Why?
b. Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water?
c. Why should curd and other sour foodstuffs not be kept in the metal container?
d. Name three common indicators.
Q.4 When zinc, metal is treated with dilute solution of a strong acid, a gas is evolved, which is
used in hydrogenation of oil. Name the gas write the chemical reactions invaolved. How will
test the ges?
Q.5 Write balanced chemical equation :
a. Solution of NaOH reacts with zinc oxide.
b. Marble reacts with sulphuric acid.
c. Carbon dioxide is passed through aqueous solution of sodium carbonate.
d. Excess of CO 2 is passed through lime water.
e. Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid.
f. Chlorine gas is passed through slaked lime.
g. Baking soda is heated.
h. Bleaching powder reacts with sulphuric acid.
Q.6 What happen when:
a. Plaster of paris is mixed with water.
b. Gypsum is heated to a temperature of 373 K.
Section D (Achiever's Questions)

Q.1 A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk.
a. Why does he shift the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline.
b. Why does this milk take a long time to set as curd.
Q.2 A Metal carbonate x on reacting with an acid gives a gas which passed through a solution
y gives the carbonate back. On the other hand, a gas that is obtained at anode during
electrolysis of brine is passed on dry y, it gives a compound z used for disinfecting drinking
water. Identify x, y and z.
Q.3 A metal carbonate X air reacting with an acid gives a gas when passed through a solution
Y gives the carbonate back. On the other hand, a gas G that is obtained at anoele during
39
electrolysis of brine is passed on dry Y, It gives a compound Z, used for disinfecting drinking
water. Identify X, Y, G and Z.
Q.4 Evaluation of Ph Level in Mouth
• What is the usual range of pH in your mouth? Is it acidic or basic?

• How to test the pH level of your mouth without using pH paper?
• What does this line graph represent? Explain why it happens?
• How can the acidic pH level be neutralized?
Q.5 a. A knife, which is used to cut fruit, was immediately dipped into water containing drops
of blue litmus solution. If the colour of the solution is changed to red, what inference can
be drawn about the nature of the fruit and why?
b. What should be done if someone accidentally touches the leaves of a nettle plant in the
wild?
c. Two solutions X and Y have pH = 4 and pH = 8, respectively. Which solution will give
an alkaline reaction and which one acidic?
Q.6 a. The aqueous solution of a substance X is used for white washing. Write down the
chemical reaction involved in the process.
b. Under what conditions of soil do you think a farmer would spread the soil of his field
with quick lime or slaked lime.
40
Section E
ASSERTION REASON BASED QUESTIONS
Following questions consist of two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
Q.1 Assertion : Aqua regia is able to dissolve gold and Platinum
Reason : Aqua regia is the least reactive, fuming reagent.
Q.2 Assertion : We should brush our teeth after eating.
Reason : Brushing removes the dental plaque before the bacteria produce acids.
Q.3 Assertion (A) : Copper sulphate crystals are wet because it contains water of
crystallisation.
Reason (R) : Water of crystallisation is the fixed number of molecules of water present
in one formula unit of salt.
Q.4 Assertion (A) : The aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not show acidic
character.
Reason (R) : Aqueous solutions of glucose and alcohol do not give H+ ion
Q.5 Assertion (A) : HCl gas does not change the colour of dry blue litmus paper.
Reason (R) : HCl gas dissolves in the water present in wet litmus paper to form H+
ions.
Q.6 Assertion (A) : Weak acids have low electrical conductivity.
Reason (R) : Strong acids and weak acids have equal concentration of hydrogen ions
in their solutions.
Q.7 Assertion (A) : Pure water is neither acidic nor basic.
Reason (R) : The pH of a solution is inversely proportional to the concentration of
hydrogen ions in it.
Q.8 Assertion (A) : During electrolysis of concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride,
hydrogen is produced at anode and chlorine gas is produced at cathode.
Reason (R) : Ions get attracted to oppositely charged electrodes.
Q.9 Assertion : Salt of KNO 3 is formed by strong base and weak acid.
Reason : Salt of NH4Cl is formed by weak base and strongacid
Q.10 Assertion (A) : Weak acids have low electrical conductivity.
Reason (R) : Strong acids and weak acids have equal concentration of hydrogen ions
in their solutions.
Q.11 Assertion (A) : Pure water is neither acidic nor basic.
Reason (R) : The pH of a solution is inversely proportional to the concentration of
hydrogenions in it.
Q.12 Assertion : Phenolphthalein is an acid-base indicator.
Reason : Phenolphthalein gives different colours in acidic and basic medium.
41
Case study
1. In general, heavy metal (like Cu, Mg, Zn etc.)availability is highest at low pH. At low pH,
these heavy metals could become toxic. But, liming of soil can decrease heavy metal
availability. That's why Biosolids are used for liming of the soil. It can contain heavy metals,
while some biosolids might also be lime stabilized, resulting in a pH increase upon application.
1. Based on the diagram shown, plants survive only in
i. acidic range
ii. basic range
iii. in a narrow range of pH change
iv. neutral soil
2. The soil becomes------------ when its pH is more acidic than the desired value. Use an
appropriate word to complete this statement.
i. fertile
ii. useful
iii. neutral
iv. toxic
3. Nutrients like Iron, copper, zinc, magnesium are maximum available to soil at
i. High pH
ii. Low pH
iii. Neutral pH
iv. Moderate
2. Read the following and answer any four questions from 19 (i) to 19 (v) The technical definition
of pH is that it is a measure of the concentration of the hydrogen ion (H+)
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14.
0-<7 7 >7-14
acidic neutral basic
In general, a water with a pH < 7 is considered acidic and with a pH > 7 is considered basic.
The normal range for pH in surface water systems is 6.5 to 8.5 and for groundwater systems
6 to 8.5.
The pH of pure water (H20) is 7 at 25-C, but when exposed to the carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere this equilibrium results in a pH of approximately 5.2. Because of the association
of pH with atmospheric gasses and temperature, it is strongly recommended that the water
be tested as soon as possible.
In general, a water with a low pH (< 6.5) could be acidic, soft, and corrosive, which could
cause premature damage to metal piping, and have associated aesthetic problems such as
a metallic or sour taste, staining of laundry, and the characteristic "blue-green" staining of
sinks and drains. The primary way to treat the problem of low pH water is with the use of a
neutralizer.
42
Water with a pH > 8.5 could indicate that the water is hard. Hard water does not pose a
health risk, but can also cause aesthetic problems as mentioned earlier.
1. The pH scale indicates -
i. concentration of halogen
ii. concentration of hydroxide
iii. concentration of hydrogen
iv. concentration of helium
2. The substance is acidic when kits pH lies between the range-
i. 0-14
ii. 0-7
iii. 1-7
iv. 7-14
3. What is the pH value of Rainwater?
i. approx. 5.2
ii. >8.5
iii. 7
iv. approx. 6.5
4. pH of Hard water can be-
i. <7
ii. >7
iii. >8.5
iv. <6.5
5. pH of some Common Liquids
Vinegar 3.0
Coffee 50.
Milk 6.3-6.6
Pure Water 7.0
Seawater 8.3
6. Among these liquids which is the most acidic-

i. Vinegar
ii. Seawater
iii. Milk
iv. Pure water
3. A road tanker carrying acid was involved in an accident and its contents spilled on the road,
iron drain covers began melting and fizzing as the acid ran over them. A specialist was
called to see if the acid actually leaked into the nearby river.
i. Explain how the specialist could carry out a simple test to see if the river water
contains some acid or not
ii. The word melting is incorrectly used in the report. Suggest a better name that
should have been used.
iii. Explain why drain covers began fizzing as the acid rain over them
43
iv. The acid tanker is made of steel, but inside it is lined with glass. Why?
ACID TANKER
4. The word acid itself comes from a Latin word which means sour: acere. There are natural
acids in most of the liquids people drink, like orange or lemon juice, meaning they are found
in nature. Chemically, acids are molecules that split apart in water releasing hydrogen ions.
On the other hand, bases have a bitter taste, like baking soda, and have a soap-like texture.
It will feel soapy if rubbed between the fingers. Chemically, bases are molecules that split
when put in water and release hydroxide ions, but reducing the number of hydrogen ions.
1. Which of the following best explains the difference between acids and bases?
i. Acids and bases have an equal number of hydrogen ions but vary in the
number of hydroxide ions.
ii. Acids have a decreased number of hydrogen ions; bases have an increased
number of hydrogen ions
iii. Acids have an increased number of hydroxide ions; bases have a decreased
number of hydroxide ions.
iv. Acids have an increased number of hydrogen ions; bases have a decreased number
of hydrogen ions.
2. Which of the following substance will not give carbon dioxide on treatment with dilute acid?
i. Marble ii. Limestone
iii. Baking soda iv. Lime
3. Which of the following statements are true for acids?
i. Bitter and change red litmus to blue.
ii. Sour and change red litmus to blue.
iii. Sour and change blue litmus to red.ANS
iv. Bitter and change blue litmus to red.
4. Which of the given options correctly represents the Parent acid and base of Calcium
Carbonate?
Options Parent Acid Parent base

i. HCI NaOH
ii. H 2CO 3 Ca(OH)2
iii. HCL NaOH
iv. HNO 3 CaSO 4
44
Class - X
Assignment
2023-24
Subject : Biology
Topic : Control and Coordination
SECTION A
1. a. Given below are a few images depicting the flow of nerve impulse. Identify
the option that exhibits correct direction of flow of nerve impulse?
b. The functional junction between two neurons shows certain reactions that
are equally important in transmission of messages from one neuron to the
other.Name this functional junction . Explain the reaction taking place at
this junction.
c. Which part of neuron receives the stimulus?
2. a. All information for our environment is detected by specialised tips of some
nerve cells. Write the name given to such tips and also mention where are
they located?
b. Name the two tissues in human body that provide control and coordination
in multicellular organisms.
c. There are certain receptors present in our nose and skin. Name them and
also explain with an example how do they work in coordination for better
appreciation of the taste food.
3. When some particles (like sand or dust) fall into our eyes, our eyes start to
water on their own and we blink to get the particle out of our eyes. This is a type
of reaction to a stimulus that the human body shows.
a. Is the above-mentioned reaction involuntary or voluntary?
b. What is the specific name given to the pathway that brings about this
immediate reaction to a stimulus?
c. What are the names given to:
i. The organ that responds to a stimulus
ii. The part of the brain that receives sensory impulses
45
4. Sheila saw a snake and instantly jumped back. She then slowly moved away
from the snake.What is the difference between the two actions of instantly
jumping and walking away?
5. In human beings, hormonal action is largely controlled by a mechanism where
the secretion of one hormone is regulated by the action of another. An example
of blood glucose levels control is shown in the diagram below.
a. What is the mechanism of hormone action known as?

b. Which is the sensor X that helps in detecting blood glucose level?
c. What would happen if such mechanism is absent in humans?
6. Name the part of the brain involved in the following activities:
a. Salivation. b. Holding a pencil.

c. Certain aspects of respiration. d. Riding a bicycle.
e. Learning a poem. f. Feeling of hunger or thirst.
7. Name the following -
i. Part of nervous system from where the spinal cord originates.
ii. Movement of shoot towards light.
iii. Plant hormone which inhibits growth of plant
iv. Iodine is necessary for the synthesis of this hormone.
v. Movement seen in plants where growth of pollen tubes towards ovules occurs.
vi. Movement of Sunflower towards light.
vii. The substance that triggers the fall of mature leaves and fruits from plants.
viii. Hormones secreted by humans which cause dramatic changes of body features at
puberty.
ix. Human hormone that increases the fertility in males.
x. A paired endocrine gland found both in human males and females.
8. If you run your hand down the middle of your back, you will feel a hard, bumpy structure.
What is it called? State its function. How is it protected?
46
9. Name the hormones and the endocrine gland responsible for regulation of:
a. Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins
b. Balance of calcium and phosphate
c. Blood pressure
d. Sugar levels in the body
10. While on a roller coaster ride, Aditya noticed a sudden increase in his heart beat rate. Name
the endocrine gland and its secretion responsible for this response shown by Aditya.
11. Trace the sequence of events through a reflex arc which occur when a bright light is
focussed on your eyes.
12. Hema bought some unripe tomatoes and left half of them in a brown paper bag and the
other half in an open tray. After two days she noticed that the tomatoes in the paper bag had
ripened, but the ones in the open tray had not.
a. What hormone facilitated the ripening of tomatoes?
b. Why did the tomatoes in the paper bag ripen faster?
13. The two glands P and Q which occur in pairs are a part of our endocrine system .The pair of
glands P is found only in females whereas the pair of glands Q occurs only in males .The
gland P make and secrete hormone R and gland Q make and secrete hormone S .In
addition to hormone ,gland P and Q have exocrine functions.
a. Name the glands P and Q and the hormone R and S.
b. State the exocrine functions of the two glands.
14. a. As first line of defence, stress hormones are released in humans. As an equivalent,
which hormone is most likely to be released as first line of defence in plants?
b. There have been reports of plant hormones being found in animal bodies even when
they are not synthesised by the animal. What can be the most common pathway of
entry of such hormones in animals?
i. Name ONE plant hormone that controls directional growth.
ii. Plant hormones are also referred to as growth regulators and can be controlled
by a number of stimuli. Mention ONE point of difference between the functioning
of animal growth hormones and plant growth regulators with respect to such
control.
15. An endocrine gland ‘Y’ is located in the neck in the human body. The gland Y secretes a
hormone H. An element X is required for proper production of hormone by the gland Y. The
deficiency of this element in the body leads to a disease D.
a. Name the gland Y, hormone H and element X.
b. State the function of hormone H.
c. Name the disease D and also state how it can be prevented.
d. An element required for proper production of hormone
47
MCQ
1. During pollination, plants ensure that the pollen grain from a species germinates on the
stigma of the same species.Which of the following ensures this?
i. Hydrotropism
ii. Chemotropism
iii. Phototropism
iv. Geotropism
2. Shown in the figure below is a plant in which auxin is synthesised at part X of the plant.
Geeta took the potted plant and cut off part X. She then tookthe plant and kept it near a
window with sunlight and observed it after 7days.
Which of the following is she likely to have observed?

i. Part Y grew and bent towards the window.
ii. Part Z started growing upwards and out of the soil.
iii. Part Y did not grow at all.
iv. Part Y grew upwards.
3. Person X suffers from a condition that affects the normal functioning of the pituitary gland.
Which of the following is most likely a direct effect of person X's condition?
i. Insufficiency of iodine
ii. Irregular heartbeat
iii. Insufficient growth of the body
iv. Inability to regulate blood sugar
4. Observe the three figures given below. Which of the following depicts tropic movements
appropriately?
48
i. B and C ii. A and C
iii. B only iv. C only
5. Organisms depend on hormones as well as electric impulses for the transmission of signals
from brain to rest of the body. What can be a likely advantage of hormones over electric
impulses?
i. It is secreted by all types of cells present in the body.
ii. It is secreted by stimulated cells and reaches all cells of the body.
iii. It is relayed to the target organ at a faster rate than electric impulses.
iv. It does not depend on an external stimulus to be generated in the cells.
6. Which of the following statements are true about Nastic movements?
A. These are slow movements.
B. These occur either towards or away from the stimulus.
C. These involve the use of electrochemical signals by the plants.
D. In such movements, the plant cells change shape by altering their water content.
i. (A) and (B) only ii. (A) and C) only
iii. (C) and D) only iv. (B) and (D) only
7. Match the terms of column A with those of column B.
a. A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii). b. A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(i).
c. A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i). d. A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv).
8. The growth of tendril in pea plants is due to
i. Effect of light
ii. Effect of gravity
iii. Rapid cell division in tendrillar cells that are away from the support.
iv. Rapid cell division in tendrillar cells in contact.
49
9. Sapna suffers from a condition due to which her average blood sugar level is 174mg/dL.The
average blood sugar level in a healthy adult is <140 mg/dL.Which of the following could be
the cause of Sapna's condition?
i. Insufficient production of thyroxine in her body
ii. Insufficient production of insulin in her body
iii. Excess production of thyroxine in her body
iv. Excess production of insulin in her body
10. Which of the following statements about transmission of nerve impulse is incorrect?
i. Nerve impulse travels from dendritic end towards axonal end.
ii. At the dendritic end electrical impulses bring about the release of some chemicals
which generate an electrical impulse at the axonal end of another neuron.
iii. The chemicals released from the axonal end of one neuron cross the synapse and
generate a similar electrical impulse in a dendrite of another neuron.
iv. A neuron transmits electrical impulses not only to another neuron but also to muscle
and gland cells.
SECTION B
1. What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situations where receptors do not
work properly. What problems are likely to arise? (FC)
2. a. How is brain protected from shocks & injury? (FC)
b. Name two main parts of hind brain and state the function of each (FC)
3. a. What is the significance of the peripheral nervous system? Name the components of
this nervous system and distinguish between them.
b. Does brain have any role to play in reflex action? Justify your answer (FC).
4 a. Why skin is called a receptor whereas muscle is referred to as an effector?
b. How do we detect the smell of an incense stick? (FC)
5. State two limitations to the use of electrical impulses in our body.How do human beings
show coordination between different organs despite of these limitations of nervous
coordination? (FC)
6. What is the difference between a reflex action and walking? (FC)
7. How is the mode of action in beating of the heart different from reflex actions? (FC)
8. Why is the flow of signals in a synapse from axonal end of one neuron to dendritic end of
another neuron but not the reverse?(FC)
50
9. a. A person is suffering from severe cold. He or she is given an apple and after some
time, an ice- cream to eat. Will he be able to differentiate between the taste of two?
Give reason for your answer. (FC)
b. i. What is Goitre? How is it caused? Also state one symptom of this disease. (FC)
ii. Why is the use of iodized salt advisable? (FC)
10. a. State the differences between cranial nerves and spinal nerves on the basis of location
and function. (FC)
b. What constitutes the central and peripheral nervous systems? How are the
components of central nervous system protected? (FC)
11. A cheetah on seeing a prey, moves towards him at a very high speed. What causes the
movement of his muscles? How does the chemistry of cellular components of muscles
change during this event? (FC)
12. 'Plant growth regulators do not always promote growth. 'Cite one example in support of the
above statement and mention the action of the same. (FC)
13. How do control and coordination in plants differ from that in animals? Give any four points of
difference. (FC)
14. a. Why leaves of Mimosa pudica droop down when touched? (FC)
b. What is turgor movement?
15. Explain how the human body responds when adrenaline is secreted into the blood. (FC)
16. Name and explain the role of plant hormone involved in phototropism. (FC)
17. With the help of an activity demonstrate geotropism in plants. (FC)
18. a. Give reason (FC)
i. Endocrine glands release their secretions into the blood.
ii. Secretions of growth hormone should be in specific amount in the human body.
b. How does the nervous tissue cause action in our muscles? (FC)
19. Pertaining to endocrine system, what will you interpret if -
a. You observe Swollen neck in people living in Hills.
b. Over secretion of Growth Hormone takes place during childhood.
c. Facial hair develops in boys aged 13.
20. How does the feedback mechanism regulates hormone secretion? (FC)
51
SECTION C
1. Draw neat labelled diagram for the following:
a. Neuron
b. Human brain
c. Reflex arc
d. Human body showing location of endocrine glands.
e. Phototropism in plants.
SECTION D
ASSERTION REASON QUESTIONS
For the below given questions, two statements are given- one labelled Assertion (A) and the other
labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c)and (d)
as given below:
a) Both A and R are true, and R is correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
1. Assertion(A) : Dendrites pick up sensations and transmit the same to the cell body.
Reason(R) : Cell body is connected to axon.
2. Assertion(A) : A receptor is a specialized group of cells in a sense organ that perceive a
particular type of stimulus.
Reason(R) : Different sense organs have different receptors for detecting stimuli.
3. Assertion(A):Insulin regulates blood sugar level.
Reason(R) : Insufficient secretion of insulin will cause diabetes.
4. Assertion(A) : The effect of auxin hormone on the growth of root is exactly opposite to that
on a stem.
Reason(R) : Auxin hormone increases the rate of growth in root and decreases the rate of
growth in stem.
5. Assertion(A) : Transmission of a nerve impulse across a synapse is brought about by a
neurotransmitter.
Reason(R) : A neurotransmitter is necessary to transmit a nerve impulse across a synapse
because there is a small gap, the synaptic cleft between the two neurons at the synapse.
52
SECTION E
Case based questions:
1. Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops after birth or

hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's body structure
through cell growth and differentiation. Some insects, fish, amphibians, molluscs,
crustaceans and other groups undergo metamorphosis, which is often accompanied by a
change of nutrition source or behaviour.
The diagram below shows such metamorphosis in butterflies.
a. What are the chemicals that control such developmental changes in the butterfly's
body structure called?
b. Name ONE developmental change (other than external changes in body structure) in a
human female during puberty brought about by the action of the type of chemicals
mentioned in (a).
c. What is the most likely genetic difference between the larval and adult stages in the life
cycle of the butterfly shown above?
2. Auxin is a plant hormone that promotes cell elongation and is produced by the apical
meristem. It inhibits the growth of lateral buds which are present at nodes (where leaves
attach to the stem). As long as sufficient auxin is produced by the apical meristem, the
lateral buds remain dormant. A gardener wants the plants in the hedge that he is growing to
become bushier with more branches.
a. Which of the following should he do?
i. spray water on the tips of the stems to increase growth
ii. dig around the plant roots and apply more manure
iii. trim the hedge by cutting off the tips of the stems
iv. remove all the weeds that grow around the hedge
53
b. What would the size of cells and the distribution of auxin at part X of the stem look
like?
c. When we touch the leaves of “touch-me-not” plant, they began to fold up and droop.
How does the plant communicate the information of touch?
i. The plant uses electrical signals to transfer information from external environment
to cells.
ii. The plant uses electrical- chemical signals to transfer information from cell to cell.
iii. The plant uses electrical- chemical signals to transfer information from tissue to
specialized cells.
iv. The plant uses electrical signals to transfer information from cell to specialized
tissues.
d. Akshay potted some germinated seeds in a pot. He put the pot in a cardboard box that
was open from one side. He keeps the box in a way that the open side of box faces
sunlight near his window. After 2-3 days he observes the shoot bends towards light as
shown in image.
Which type of tropism he observes?
a. Geotropism
b. Phototropism
c. chemotropism
d. hydrotropism
54
Class - X
Assignment
2023-24
Subject : History
Nationalism In Europe
Q.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1. When did the French Revolution start?
a. 1789 b. 1879
c. 1780 d. 1769
2. Which countries did the French armies move into?
a. Holland, Belgium, Switzerland, and much of Italy
b. Holland and Italy
c. Holland and Belgium
d. Switzerland and Italy
3. Which regions were the Civil Code exported to?
a. Switzerland and Italy
b. Italy and Germany
c. Switzerland and Germany
d. Dutch Republic, in Switzerland, in Italy, and Germany
4. What changes did Napoleon bring about in the towns?
a. Transport and communication systems were improved. Peasants, artisans,
workers, and new businessmen enjoyed newfound freedom.
b. Transport and communication systems were improved.
c. Peasants, artisans, workers, and new businessmen had to pay tax.
d. guild restrictions remained as they were.
5. In which year did Louis Philippe flee and the National Assembly was proclaimed a
Republic?
a. 1846 b. 1848
c. 1845 d. 1847
6. Who had sought to put together a coherent program for the unitary Italian Republic in the
1830s?
a. Metternich b. Otto von Bismarck
c. Giuseppe Mazzini d. Napoleon
7. In January 1871 who was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles?
a. William II b. Otto von Bismarck
c. Kaiser William I d. Metternich
8. When was Ireland forcibly incorporated into the United Kingdom?
a. 1798 b. 1801
c. 1800 d. 1799
9. When did the Treaty of Vienna take place and who were the participants?
a. 1816, Britain, Russia, Prussia
55
b. 1815, Britain, Russia, Prussia, Austria
c. 1820, Britain and Russia
d. 1817, Russia, Prussia, Austria
10. What is Suffrage?
a. Right to property b. Right to Justice
c. Right to vote d. Right to complain
Case Based Questions

Q.4 Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
Frederic Sorrieu prepared a series of four prints visualizing his dream of a world made up of
'democratic and social Republics', as he called them. The first print of the series shows the
peoples of Europe and America - men and women of all ages and social classes - marching in
a long train, and offering homage to the Statue of Liberty as they pass by it. Artists of the time
of the French Revolution personified Liberty as a female figure. She bears the torch of
Enlightenment in one hand and the Charter of the Rights of Man in the other. On the earth in
the foreground of the image lie the shattered remains of the symbols of absolutist institutions.
In Sorrieu's utopian vision, the peoples of the world are grouped as distinct nations, identified
through their flags and national costume. Leading the procession, way past the Statue of
Liberty, are the United States and Switzerland, which by this time were already nation-states.
France, identifiable by the revolutionary tricolour, has just reached the statue. She is followed
by the peoples of Germany, bearing the black, red and gold flag.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:
1. Who was Frederic Sorrieu?
a. French artist b. German Artist
c. Italian Artist d. British Artist
2. In which year did Frederic Sorrier prepare a series of four prints?
a. 1845 b. 1843
c. 1848 d. 1841
3. Which of the following statements correctly describes "absolutist"?
a. Monarchical Government b. Democratic Government
c. Uncentralised Government d. Bureaucratic Government
4. Which of the following is correct with respect to "utopian vision"?
a. Homogenous society b. Monarchical society
c. Ideal society d. All are correct
Assertion Reason Questions -
Directions:- In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put
forward. Read both statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the below:
a. If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
b. If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of assertion (A).
d. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.
Q.5 Assertion (A) : Conservatives believed that established traditional institutions of state and
society should be preserved.
Reason (R) : Zollverein was formed to preserve conservatism
56
Q.6 Assertion (A) : The Scottish Highlanders were forbidden to speak their Gaelic language
or wear their national dress, and large numbers were forcibly driven out of
their homeland.
Reason (R) : The English helped the Protestants of Ireland to establish their dominance
over a largely Catholic country.
Q.7 Assertion (A) : Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the nation.
Reason (R) : Weavers in Silesia had led a revolt against the contractors who supplied
raw material and gave them orders for finished textiles but drastically
reduced their payments.
Q.8 Assertion (A) : Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one was ruled by an
Italian princely house.
Reason (R) : The north was under the domination of the Bourbon kings of Spain.
Q.9 Assertion (A) : Giuseppe Mazzini worked with the conservatives for the monarchy.
Reason (R) : Italy had to continue to be a patchwork of small states and kingdoms.
Q.10 Assertion (A) : In France, were the 'BibliothéqueBleué, which were low-priced small books
printed on poor quality paper, and bound in cheap blue covers.
Reason (R) : In England, penny chapbooks were carried by petty pedlars known as
chapmen, and sold for a penny, so that even the poor could buy them.
Q.11 Assertion (A) : In the areas conquered by Napoleon the reactions of the local population
were mixed.
Reason (R) : Increased taxation, censorship etc. out-weigh the advantages of
administrative changes.
Q.12 Assertion (A) : Germany, Italy and Switzerland were divided into kingdoms, duchies and
cantons whose rulers had their autonomous territories.
Reason (R) : They were closely bound to each other in spite of their autonomous rule.
Q.13 Assertion (A) : From the very beginning, the French revolutionaries introduced various
measures and practices like the idea of la patrie and le citoyen.
Reason (R) : This was done to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French
people.
Q.14 Assertion (A) : On 18 May 1848, 831 elected representatives revolted in the Frankfurt
parliament.
Reason (R) : The elected representatives revolted against the issue of extending political
rights to women.
Q.1 Very short answer type questions
1. Who was called as 'Bismarck of Italy'?
2. In which year was the Treaty of Vienna Signed?
3. What did Das Volk Stand for?
4. What did Grermania symbolize?
5. Who was Frederic sorrien?
6. Name the artist who painted the image of Germania?
7. What does the German Oak Stand for?
8. Who formed the secret society - young Jtaly?
57
9. What is the national anthem of Britain?
10. Name the countries which participated in the Vienna Congress of 1815.
11. Who hosted the Congress of Vienna?
12. Who was Johann Gottfried Herder?
13. Name the three revolutionaries of Italy who led the unification of the country.
14. What was the main function of the Prussian Zollverein?
15. Who was proclaimed the German Emperor after its unification?
Q.2 Short answer type questions.
1. What role did Giuseppe Garibaldi play in the unification of Italy?
2. Describe in brief the great economic hardships during the 1830s in Europe.
3. The Habsburg Empire was a patchwork of many different regions and people. -
Elucidate this statement.
4. Explain any three features of Napoleon code.
5. Give a brief description of the revolt led by Silesian weavers in 1845.
6. Explain the role of languages in developing the nationalist sentiments in Europe.
7. Give a brief account of political fragmentation of Italy.
8. How did the Grimm Brothers contribute to the national building of Germany?
9. Mention any three measures adopted by the French revolutionaries to create a

sense of collective identity?
10. What did Metterniek mean to say when he remarked "when France sneezes the rest
of Europe catches cold?"
Q.3 Long answer type questions.
1. Describe the process of unification of Germany.
2. What is meant by Balkan? Why did it turn into perennial source of tension and paved
the battle field of the first world war?
3. What were the provisions of the treaty of Vienna of 1815?
4. Explain the ideas of liberal Nationalists in the Economic sphere.
5. Analyse the measures and practices introduced by the French revolutionists to

create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people.
58
Class - X
Assignment
2023-24
Subject: Political Science

Ch. 1 : Federalism
SECTION - A
MCQs
1. A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various
constituent units of the country is called
(a) Federalism (b) Communalism
(c) Socialism (d) Democracy
2. State government has powers of its own for which it is not answerable to the:
(a) central government (b) judiciary
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of the above
3. Which country is an example of coming together federation?
(a) Belgium (b) USA
(c) Sri Lanka (d) India
4. Power to interpret the constitution is with the:
(a) courts (b) judiciary
(c) state government (d) none of the above
5. In Unitary form of government
(a) all the power is divided between the centre/union and the state provincial government.
(b) all the power is with the citizens.
(c) State Government has all the powers
(d) Power is concentrated with the Central Government.
6. The place of Rajasthan where India conducted its nuclear test is
(a) Kalikat (b) Pokharan
(c) Kavaratti (d) Karaikal
7. The coming together federation is:
(a) India (b) Spain
(c) UK (d) Australia
8. The first and major test for democratic politics in our country was
(a) caste problem (b) language problem
(c) problems related to union territories (d) creation of linguistic state
9. Indian official language is:
(a) Hindi (b) English
(c) Urdu (d) None of these
10. How many languages are included in the Eight Schedule of the Indian Constitution?
(a) 15 (b) 22
(c) 25 (d) 21
11. Which language has status of the national language in India?
(a) Tamil (b) Hindi
(c) English (d) None of these
59
SECTION - B
Very short answer type questions.
1. What is federalism? What are the two ways of creating a federation?
2. What was the main objective of the Constitutional Amendment made in 1992 in India?
3. India comes under which type of federation and why?
4. What is rural local self government popularly known as?
5. Name the subject list from which both the Union and the State governments can make laws?
6. What do you understand by coalition government?
7. What status has been given to the 'Hindi' language by the Constitution of India?
8. Who is the politicial head of ZilaParishad?
9. What are the dual objectives of the federal system?
10. Why was State Reorganization Commission formed?
SECTION - C
Short answer type questions.
1. What are `residuary subjects'?
2. Mention the difficulties faced by local government in India.
3. Federal power sharing is more effective today than it was before'. Explain.
4. What is Gram Sabha? Mention its important functions.
5. Differentiate between Federal and Unitary form of government.
6. Describe the features of federal government.
7. "All the states in the Indian Union do not have identical powers" Explain.
SECTION - D
Long answer type questions.
1. What makes India a federal country?
2. Why is decentralisation favoured in democracy? Identify any five reasons
3. Describe in brief the language policy of India.
4. Describe the three forms of power sharing among different organs of government in India.
5. What were the major steps taken to make decentralisation more effective?
6. Explain the structure of the new Panchayati Raj institutions, both in rural and urban areas.
SECTION - E
Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:
Rural local government is popularly known by the name panchayati raj. Each village, or a
group of villages in some states, has a gram panchayat. This is a council consisting of several ward
members, often called panch, and a president or sarpanch. They are directly elected by all the adult
population living in that ward or village. It is the decision-making body for the entire village. The panchayat
works under the overall supervision of the gram sabha. All the voters in the village are its members. It has
to meet at least twice or thrice in a year to approve the annual budget of the gram panchayat and to review
the performance of the gram panchayat.
The local government structure goes right up to the district level. A few gram panchayats are grouped
together to form what is usually called a panchayat samiti or block or mandal. The members of this
representative body are elected by all the panchyat members in that area.
All the panchayat samitis or mandals in a district together constitute the zilla parishad. Most members of the
zilla parishad are elected. Members of the Lok Sabha and MLAs of that district and some other officials of
other district level bodies are also its members. Zilla parishad chairperson is the political head of the zilla
parishad.
1. Mention the three tiers of the rural local government.
2. What was the main purpose behind bringing the Panchayati Raj system in India?
3. What problems are still faced by the local government ?
4. What is the composition of Zilla Parishad?
60
Class - X
Assignment
2023-24
Subject : Geography
Ch. 3 Water Resources
Section - A
1. Rana Pratap Sagar Dam is located in
a. Odisha b. Uttarakhand
c. Rajasthan d. Andhra Pradesh
2. Bamboo drip irrigation system is prevalent in
a. Manipur b. Meghalaya
c. Mizoram d. Madhya Pradesh
3. The Narmada Bachao Andolan is associated with
a. Sardar Sarovar Dam b. Tehri Dam
c. Hirakund Dam d. Gandhi Sagar Dam
4. The remote village that has earned the rare distinction of being rich in rainwater?
a. Gari b. Kaza
c. Gendathur d. none of the above
5. Name the state where almost all the houses traditionally had tankas.
a. Rajasthan b. Odisha
c. Tamil Nadu d. Maharashtra
6. Which of the following rivers is not having any multipurpose river project?
a. Satluj-Beas b. Mahanadi
c. Narmada d. Yamuna
7. During whose reign were the dams, lakes and irrigation systems built extensively?
a. Ashoka b. Chandragupta Maurya
c. Akbar d. None of these
8. What were 'Guls'?
a. Reservoirs b. Artificial lakes
c. Diversion channels d. None of these
9. Tehri Dam Aandolan is mainly concerned with the state of
a. Uttarakhand b. Jharkhand
c. Chhattisgarh d. None of these states
10. Bhakra Nangal River Valley Project is made on the river-
a. Sutlej-Beas b. Ravi-Chenab
c. Ganga d. Son
11. Hirakud dam is constructed on the river-
a. Ganga b. Manjira
61
c Manas d. Mahanadi
12. In Western Rajasthan today plenty of water is available due to-
a. rooftop water harvesting b. perennial Rajasthan canal
c. construction of Tankas d. none of the above
13. The only state which has made rooftop rainwater harvesting structure compulsory to
all houses is-
a. Andhra Pradesh b. Karnataka
c. Tamil Nadu d. West Bengal
14. Which of the following social movements is/are not a resistance to multi-purpose
projects?
a. Narmada Bachao Andolan b. Navdanya
c. Chipko Movement d. Both (b) and (c)
15. The major source of fresh water in India is-
a. rainfall d. ocean water
c. atmospheric water b. ground water
ASSERTION-REASON QUESTIONS
The following questions consist of two statements-Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
1. Assertion (A) : In ancient India, along with the sophisticated hydraulic structures, there
existed an extraordinary tradition of water-harvesting system.
Reason (R) : Rainwater, or palar pani, as commonly referred to in these parts, is
considered the purest form of natural water.
2. Assertion (A) : Today, dams are built not just for irrigation but for electricity generation,
water supply for domestic and industrial uses, flood control, recreation,
inland navigation and fish breeding.
Reason (R) : Hence, dams are now referred to as multi-purpose projects where the
many uses of the impounded water are integrated with one another.
3. Assertion (A) : In Gujarat, the Sabarmati-basin farmers were agitated and almost
caused a riot over the higher priority given to water supply in urban
areas, particularly during droughts.
Reason (R) : Inter-state water disputes are also becoming less common with regard
to sharing the costs and benefits of the multi-purpose project.
4. Assertion (A) : Most of the objections to the projects arose due to their success to
achieve the purposes for which they were built.
Reason (R) : Ironically, the dams that were constructed to control floods have
triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir.
5. Assertion (A) : It was observed that the multi-purpose projects induced earthquakes,
caused water-borne disease:
Reason (R) : People had in-depth knowledge of rainfall regimes and soil types and
developed wide ranging techniques to harvest rainwater, groundwater,
river water and flood water in keeping with the local ecological conditions
and their water needs.
62
Case based Questions
1. Read the source given below and answer the following questions:
Many thought that given the disadvantages and rising resistance against the multipurpose
projects. water harvesting system was a viable alternative, both socio-economically and
environmentally. In ancient India, along with the sophisticated hydraulic structures, there
existed an extraordinary tradition of water-harvesting system. People had in-depth knowledge
of rainfall regimes and soil types and developed wide ranging techniques to harvest rainwater,
groundwater, river water and flood water in keeping with the local ecological conditions and
their water needs. In hill and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels like the
'guls' or 'kuls' of the Western Himalayas for agriculture. 'Rooftop rainwater harvesting' was
commonly practised to store drinking water, particularly in Rajasthan. In the flood plains of
Bengal, people developed inundation channels to irrigate their fields. In arid and semi-arid
regions, agricultural fields were converted into rain fed storage structures that allowed the
water to stand and moisten the soil like the 'khadins' in Jaisalmer and Johads' in other parts
of Rajasthan. In the semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan, particularly in Bikaner, Phalodi
and Barmer, almost all the houses traditionally had underground tanks or tankas for storing
drinking water.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.
i. The diversion channels seen in the Western Himalayas are called:
a. Guls or Kuls b. Khadins
c. Johads d. Recharge pits
ii. Agricultural fields which are used as rainfed storage structures are called:
a. Kuls b. Khadins/Johads
c. Recharge pits d. None of the above
iii. Underground tanks seen in Rajasthan to store rainwater for drinking is called:
a. Tankas b. Khadins
c. Ponds d. Kuls
iv. In which of the following regions, people built 'Guls' and 'Kuls' for irrigation?
a. Northern Plains b. Coastal areas
c. Western Himalayas d. None of these
2. Read the source given below and answer the following questions:
Today, dams are built not just for irrigation but for electricity generation, water supply for
domestic and industrial uses, flood control, recreation, inland navigation and fish breeding.
Hence, dams are now referred to as multi-purpose projects where the many uses of the
impounded water are integrated with one another. For example, in the Sutluj-Beas river basin,
the Bhakra - Nangal project water is being used both for hydel power production and irrigation.
Similarly, the Hirakud project in the Mahanadi basin integrates conservation of water with
flood control. Multi-purpose projects, launched after Independence with their integrated water
resources management approach, were thought of as the vehicle that would lead the nation
to development and progress, overcoming the handicap of its colonial past. Jawaharlal Nehru
proudly proclaimed the dams as the 'temples of modern India'; the reason being that it would
integrate development of agriculture and the village economy with rapid industrialisation and
growth of the urban economy.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.
i. Hirakund dam is built on which river?
a. Chenab b. Mahanadi
c. Krishna d. Satluj
63
ii. Which one of the following is not an adverse effect of dams?
a. Interstate water disputes
b. Excessive.sedimentation of Reservoir
c. Displacement of population
d. Flood control
iii. Which of the following multipurpose projects is found in the Satluj-Beas river basin?
a. Hirakud project b. Damodar Valley Corporation
c. Bhakra Nangal Project d. Rihand Project
iv. For which of the following purposes were dams traditionally built?
a. For generating electricity
b. For supplying water to industries
c. For Flood control
d. To impound river and rain water for irrigation
Section - B
Q.1 Very short answer type questions-
1. What kind of resource is water
2. What did Nehru say about dams and why ?
3. Which project has been constructed in the Satluj-Beas River Basin ?
4. Where is the Hirakud Project and what is its advantage ?
5. How much world's water exists as oceans and fresh water ?
6. Which are the sources of freshwater ?
7. What is a dam ?
8. How are dams classified on the basis of structure and the material used ?
9. Why multi-purpose projects and large dams have been opposed ? State one reason.
10. Why the dams have triggered floods ?
11. Which are the two social movements that have been started against multi-purpose
projects ?
12. Give any one example of rainwater harvesting system in ancient India.
13. Which methods were used in arid and semi-arid regions for irrigation ?
14. What are tankas ?
15. What is remarkable about Gendathur a remote backward village in Mysore ?
16. What makes Tamil Nadu to stand out with regard to rainwater harvesting ?
17. Which system of tapping stream water is prevalent in Meghalaya ?
18. What method was developed in the flood plains of Bengal to irrigate their fields ?
19. What is an ecological consequence of irrigation under multi-purpose projects ?
20. On which river Salal Dam is built ?
Q.2 Long Answer Type Questions
1. Give some facts and figures about water in the world.
2. Explain three causes of water scarcity.
Or
Water scarcity in most cases is caused by over-exploitation, excessive use and unequal
access to water among different social groups." Explain the meaning of statement with
the help ofexamples.
64
3. Is it possible that an area or region may have ample water resources but is still facing
water scarcity ? Explain with the help of three relevant examples.
4. Why is it important to conserve and manage our water resources ? Give any three
reasons.
5. How was the water conserved in ancient India ? Give some examples in support of
your answer.
6. Name any two multipurpose projects of India. State four objectives of multipurpose
projects.
7. What is a dam ? How are they classified ?
Or
What is a dam ? Describe the classification of dams on the basis of their structure and
materials used and height.
8. Describe the factors that are responsible for the poor condition of India's rivers - both
smaller and big rivers.
9. What is a multi-purpose river project ? Give four objectives of these projects ?
10. Describe the factors that are responsible for the various objections against the multi-
purpose projects.
11. What is rainwater harvesting ? How was it used in ancient times ?
Or
How is rainwater harvesting carried out in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan ? Explain.
Or
What is rainwater harvesting ? Explain any two different methods of rainwater harvesting
in different regions of India.
Or
Why are different water harvesting systems considered a viable alternative both socio-
economically and environmentally in a country like India ?
12. What is rooftop rainwater harvesting system ? In which state is it compulsory to follow
this system ?
13. What is Bamboo Drip Irrigation system ?
65
66
67
Ch. 4 : Agriculture
68
69
FARMING
CROPPING PATTERN
SOWING - SOWING - SOWING -

HARVESTING - HARVESTING - HARVESTING -
CROPS - CROPS - CROPS -
AREAS - AREAS - AREAS -
70
MAJOR CROPS
MAJOR CROPS (GRAINS)
RICE WHEAT MILLETS
• CROP • CROP
• TEMPERATURE • TEMPERATURE JOWAR BAJRA RAGI
• RAINFALL • RAINFALL
• SOIL • AREAS
• AREAS
MAIZE PULSES
Section - A
1. Which of the following describes a system of agriculture, where a single crop is grown
on a
a. Shifting agriculture b. Plantation agriculture
c. Horticulture d. Intensive agriculture
2. Tick the characteristics of Commercial farming
a. Plots of land are fragmented.
b. Transport and communication plays an important role.
c. The yield is usually low.
d. The pressure of population is high on land.
3. Choose the correctly matched pair about the agriculture in India from the following
options:
a. Rabi crops are sown - October to December
b. Gram- paddy crops
c. Aus, Aman and Boro - Government schemes
d. Kissan Credit Card - Increased the production
71
4. Which of the following pulses does not help in restoring soil fertility.
a. Moong b. Gram
c. Arhar d. Peas
5. The crop that is used both, as food and fodder
a. ragi b. jowar
c. maize d. none of these
6. Choose the correctly matched pair about the non-food crops in India from the following
a. Cotton - Karnataka b. Jute - UP
c. Fibre Crops - Nicobar Islands d. Rubber - Assam
7. Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
a. Pulses b. Jowar
c. Millets d. Sesamum
8. What is 'Boro'?
a. Kharif crop b. Zaid crop
c. Rabi crop d. None of these
9. Jhumming in Brazil is called
a. Ladang b. Masole
c. Roca d. None of these
10. Fill in the blank:
Kharif: ____________, Rabi: barley, Zaid: Watermelon
a. gram b. wheat
c. oilseeds d. moong
ASSERTION-REASON QUESTIONS
The following questions consist of two statements-Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
1. Assertion (A) : Indian coffee is known in the world for its good quality.
Reason (R) : The Asian variety initially brought from Yemen is produced in the
country.
2. Assertion (A) : India is believed to be the original home of the cotton plan
Reason (R) : Cotton, jute, hemp and natural silk are the four major fibre crops grown
in India.
3. Assertion (A) : Globalisation is not a new phenomenon.
Reason (R) : It was there at the time of colonisation.
4. Assertion (A) : During the British period cotton belts of India attracted the British and
ultimately silk was exported to Britain as a raw material for their textile
industries.
Reason (R) : Cotton textile industry in Manchester and Liverpool flourished due to
the availability of good quality cotton from India.
72
5. Assertion (A) : Organic farming is much in vogue today because it is practised without
factory made chemicals such as fertilisers and pesticides.
Reason (R) : Hence, it does not affect environment in a negative manner.
Section - B
Q.1 Very short answer type questions-
1. What is the importance of agriculture in Indian economy ?
2. Why is there an enormous pressure on agricultural land in Intensive subsistence
Fanning?
3. Why are millets called coarse quains?
4. Why are Coarse some pulses known as leguminous crops? Why in rotation Why are
they grown with other crops?
5. What does horticulture mean?
6. What is the importance of rubber for the Indian economy?
7. Why is Kerala the leading producer of rubber? Give three reasons.
8. Why is Jute losing its market?
9. What is the new technology in agriculture? Describe its significance in the development
of Indian agriculture with examples.
10. Why is Bhoodan-Gramdan movement called the Blood-less Revolution?
Section - B
Q.1 Long Answer answer type questions-
1. What is slash and burn method of farming? Name the slash and burn farming in India
and in different countries.
2. Differentiate between Primitive Subsistence and Intensive subsistence farming,
3. What are the three cropping in India? Explain seasons
4. Which is the staple crop for majority of the people in India? Describe the geographical
conditions required and the major areas of its production,
5. Name the crop which is used both as food and fodder. What are the geographical
condition required for its growth? Name the major areas of its production.
6. Explain the important oilseeds grown in India?
7. What is implied by Operation Flood? How can it supplement the me weague income of
the small and marginal farmers?
8. Explain the technological and institutional reforms introduced by the government to
increase the agricultural production in India?
9. What are the problems faced by the farmers in India?
10 Write briefly by about the movement started Vinoba Bhave known as Blood-less.
revolution.
73
Major Crops
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
Class - X
Assignment
2023-24
Subject: Economics
Chapter 2 : Sectors of the Indian Economy
Section - A
A. Multiple choice questions:
1. Arrange the following in the correct sequence:
i. Transporting cloth to the workshops
ii. Sale in shops and showrooms
iii. Spinning the yarn
iv. The weaving of the fabric
Options
a. i iv iii ii b. iii iv i ii
c. iv i ii iii d. iii iv ii i
Sectors Criteria used
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Nature of Activity

2.
Organised, Unorganised ?
a. Employment conditions b. Ownership of assets

c. Standard of living d. None of these.
3. Which of the following types of activities are covered in the secondary sector?
a. Natural products are changed through manufacturing.
b. Goods are produced by exploiting natural resources.
c. It includes agriculture, forestry, and dairy.
d. It generates services rather than goods.
4. GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product. What does it show? Pick up the correct
statement given below:
a. It shows how big is the economy of a country in a given year in terms of its total
output.
b. It shows what the total product of a country in a given year without counting the
country's total resources.
c. It shows the number of people involved in production in a particular year.
d. It shows the total value of trade transactions of a country in a particular year.
5. A man is employed on a food processing farm where he has to do a lot of manual work.
His wife and daughter also help him with his work on the farm every day. Which type
of employment is this an example?
a. Under employment b. Seasonal employment
c. Over employment d. Cyclical employment
6. A woman works at a sweet shop in her village on a contract basis and gets a meagre
salary after working the entire day. She doesn't get any holidays or paid leave, rather
82
her employer deducts her salary whenever she is absent from work. Find out in which
of the following sectors she is working.
a. Primary sector b. Service sector
c. Organized sector d. Unorganized sector
7. Employment figures of a country are based on data collected from a 5-yearly survey
on employment and unemployment. Which organisation conducts this survey?
a. NREGA 2005-National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005.
b. ILO - International LabourOrganisation.
c. Census of India.
d. NSSO-National Sample Survey Organisation.
8. In the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and
Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option:
Options:
i. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
ii. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
iii. A is correct but R is wrong.
iv. A is wrong but R is correct.
I. Assertion (A) : Not every good or service that is produced and sold needs
to be counted to know the total production in each sector.
Reason (R) : The value of final goods already includes the value of all the
intermediate goods.
II. Assertion (A) : Leela works 5 days a week, receives her income on the
last day of each month and gets medical facilities from her
firm.
Reason (R) : Leela is working in an organized sector.
Section - B
B. Very short answer type questions :
1. Classify the following occupations under primary, secondary and tertiary sector:
Washerman, dairy, fishing, sugar factory, ATM Booth.
2. State any one way to create employment opportunities in rural areas.
3. 'Dairy is a primary activity'. Give reason.
4. 'While calculating Gross Domestic product the value of only final goods should be
included'. Give reason.
5. 'There is a need for protection and support of the workers in the unorganised sector'.
Given two seasons.
Section - C
C Short answer type questions ;
1. "Income and employment will increase if the farmers are provided irrigation and
marketing facilities". Justify the statement.
2. Highlight any three differences between Final goods and Intermediate goods.
3. "Only a part of the service sector is growing in importance". Comment.
4. Write a short note on MGNREGA.
5. The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues : wages,
safety and health. Explain with examples.
83
Section - D
D. Long answer type questions.
1. 'While estimating the national income, only the value of the final goods and services is
used.' Explain with the help of an example.
2. 'Economic activities, though grouped into three different categories, are highly
interdependent.' Discuss.
3. State different ways in which employment could be generated in rural, semi-rural and
urban areas.
4. 'There has been a big change in the three sectors of economic activities, but a similar
shift has not taken place in the share of employment.' Explain the above statement on
the basis of facts.
5. "There are some activities, which the government has to support". Identify any four
activities where the government must spend for the welfare of the people.
Section - E
Case Study Based Questions:
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
This sector is characterised by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of
the government. There are rules and regulations but these are not followed. Jobs here are low-
paid and often not regular. There is no provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays, leave due to
sickness etc. Employment is not secure. People can be asked to leave without any reason. When
there is less work, such as during some seasons, some people may be asked to leave. A lot also
depends on the whims of the employer. This sector includes a large number of people who are
employed on their own doing small jobs such as selling on the street or doing repair work. Similarly,
farmers work on their own and hire labourers as and when they require.
1. Identify the sector in the above extract ?
a. Private sector
b. Public sector
c. Organised sector
d. Unorganised sector
2. Which of the following is applicable for a worker, who works in the above mentioned sector?
a. She gets medical allowance
b. She got an appointment letter stating the terms and conditions of work when she joins
work.
c. She gets a regular salary at the end of the month.
d. She is not paid for leave.
3. Choose the correct meaning of the organised sector:
a. It covers those enterprises where the terms of employment are regular.
b. It is outside the control of the government.
c. Jobs are not regular.
d. It provides low salaries.
4. Read the statements given below and choose the incorrect options:
i. There is no provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays,etc. in the organised sector.
ii. Workers in organised sector enjoy security of employment.
iii. Organised sector covers those places of work where the terms of employment are
regular.
iv. Workers in the organised sector expected to work only a fixed number of hours.
Options:
a. Only (i) is incorrect. b. (i)and (ii) both are incorrect.
c. (ii) ,(ii) and (iv) are incorrect. d. Only (iv) is incorrect.
84
fnYyh ifCyd Ldwy] Q+jhnkckn
fgUnh vfrfjDr dk;Z bdkbZ& 2 % 2023&2024
d{kk&10
[k.M&d & lkfgR;
iz 0 1 fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k ij vkèkkfjr cgqfodYih @ oLrqijd ç'uksa ds mÙkj lokZfèkd mi;qä fodYi pqudj
fyf[k,A
gekjs ns'k esa fganh fQ+Yeksa ds xhr vius vkjaHk ls gh vke n'kZd ds lq[k&nq[k ds lkFkh jgs gSaA orZeku le;
esa fganh fQ+Yeksa ds xhrksa us vke tu ds ân; esa yksdxhrksa lh vkReh; txg cuk yh gSA ftl rjg ls ,d
tekus esa yksdxhr tuekul ds lq[k&nq[k] vkdka{kk] mYykl vkSj mEehn dks Loj nsrs Fks] vkt fQ+Yeh xhr
mlh Hkwfedk dks fuHkk jgs gSaA bruk gh ugha ns'k dh fofoèkrk dks ,drk ds lw= esa ck¡èkus esa fganh fQ+Yeksa
dk ;ksxnku lHkh Lohdkj djrs gSaA fganh Hkk"kk dh 'kCn laink dks le`¼ djus dk tks dke jktHkk"kk foHkkx
rRle 'kCnksa dh lgk;rk ls dj jgk gS ogh dk;Z fQ+Yeh xhr vkSj Mk;ykWx fy[kus okys fofoèk {ks=h;
Hkk"kkvksa ds esy ls djrs gq, fn[kkbZ iM+ jgs gSaA ;g xkus tu&tu ds xhr blh dkj.k cu lds D;ksafd buesa
jktuhfr ds mrkj&p<+ko dh vuqxwatksa ds lkFk nsgkrh dLck;h vkSj u, cus 'kgjksa dk ns'kt thou n'kZu
Hkh vkRelkr~ fd;k tkrk jgk gSA Hkkjr dh ftl xaxk&tequh laLd`fr dk efgekeaMu cgqèkk gksrk gS mldh
xwat Hkh bu xhrksa esa feyrh gSA vktknh dh yM+kbZ ds nkSjku fy[ks çnhi ds xhr gks ;k Lokèkhurk çkfIr
lkFk gh gksuos kys ns'k ds foHkktu dh foHkhf"kdk] lHkh dks bu xhrksa esa cgqr laons u'khy :i ls O;ä fd;k
x;k gSA
fganh fQ+Yeh xhrksa ds bl lalkj esa fganh&mnZw dk >xM+k Hkh dHkh iui ugha ldkA çnhi] uhjt tSls 'kkunkj
fganh dfo;ksa] banhoj rFkk 'kSyaæs tSls Js"B xhrdkjksa vkSj lkfgj] dSQh] et:g tSls e'kgwj 'kk;jksa dks fganh
flusek esa ges'kk ,d gh fcjknjh dk ekuk tkrk jgk gSA ;g flusek dh bl nqfu;k dh gh [kkfl;r gS fd
,d rjQ xhrdkj lkfgj us dgk gS ^dgk¡ gSa @ eqgkfQt [kqnh ds @ ftUgsa ukt gS fgan ij oks dgk¡ gSa* fy[kk
rks nwljh rjQ mUgksaus gh ^lalkj ls Hkkxs fQjrs gks@ Hkxoku dks rqe D;k ikvksxs ! ;s Hkksx Hkh ,d riL;k
gS @ rqe I;kj ds ekjs D;k tkuksxs @ vieku jpf;rk dk gksxk@ jpuk dks vxj Bqdjkvksx!s * tSlh iafä;k¡
Hkh jph gSaA ijofrZ;ksa esa xqytkj ,sls xhrdkj gSa ftUgksaus mnZw] fganh] iatkch] jktLFkkuh ds lkFk iqjfc;k
cksfy;ksa esa eu dks eksg ysus okys xhrksa dh jpuk dh gSA cafnuh ds êksjk xksjk vax ybys] eksgs ';ke jax
nbns*] ^dtjkjs&dtjkjs rsjs dkjs&dkjs u;uk!*] ^;kjk flyh flyh jkr dk <yuk* vkSj ^pIik pIik pj[kk
pys* tSls xhrksa dks jpdj mUgksaus Hkkjr dh lk>k laLd`fr dks ewfrZeku dj fn;k gSA oLrqr% Hkkjr esa cuus
okyh fQYeksa esa vkus okys xhr mls foÜo&flusek esa ,d vyx igpku nsrs gSaA ;s xhr lgh ek;us esa
Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dh [kwclwjrh dks vfHkO;ä djrs gSaA
1- fganh fQYeh xhrksa vkSj yksdxhrksa esa D;k lekurk gS\
d- ;s yksxksa ds jhfr&fjoktksa] mudh ykylkvksa mudh lksp vkSj dYiukvksa dks Loj nsrs gSaA
[k- ;s yksxksa ds thou ds vuqHkoksa] vkeksn çeksn] fopkjksa vkSj n'kZu dks Loj nsrs gSaA
x- ;s yksxksa ds vkuan muds 'kksd] muds g"kZ vkSj mudh vk'kkvksa dks Loj nsrs gSaA
?k- ;s yksxksa ds thou ds ;FkkFkZ vkSj dBksjrkvksa esa ft+ank jgus dh pkg dks Loj nsrs gSaA
2- fganh Hkk"kk dh 'kCn laink dks le`¼ djus dk dke fQYeh xhrksa us fdl çdkj fd;k\
d- jktHkk"kk foHkkx ls çsj.kk ikdj
[k- fofHkUu {ks=h; Hkk"kkvksa ds esy ls
85
x- {ks=h; Hkk"kkvksa dh fQYeksa dks çksRlkfgr djds
?k- fons'kh Hkk"kkvksa dh fQYeksa dks grksRlkfgr djds
3- dFku (A) vkSj dkj.k (R) dks i<+dj mi;qDr fodYi pqfu, %
dFku (A) % fganh fQYeksa ds xkus tu tu ds xhr cu x, gSaA
dkj.k (R) % bu xhrksa esa jktuhfr dh vuqxwatksa ds lkFk] nsgkrh] dLck;h vkSj u, cus 'kgjksa dk
thou n'kZu Hkh vkRelkr~ fd;k tkrk jgk gSA
d- dFku (A) xyr gS] fdarq dkj.k (R) lgh gSA
[k- dFku (A) vkSj dkj.k (R) nksuksa gh xyr gSaA
x- dFku (A) lgh gS vkSj dkj.k (R) dFku (A) dh lgh O;k[;k gSA
?k- dFku (A) lgh gS] fdarq dkj.k (R) dFku (A) dh lgh O;k[;k ugha gSA
4- ^fganh fQYeh xhrksa ds bl lalkj esa fganh&mnZw dk ^>xM+k* Hkh dHkh iui ugha ldkA* mi;Zqä dFku
ds i{k esa fuEufyf[kr rdksZa ij fopkj dhft,A
1- ;gk¡ lHkh xhrdkjksa dks ,d gh caèkqRo oxZ dk ekuk tkrk gS
2- ;s xhrdkj lHkh Hkk"kkvksa esa leku :i ls xhr fy[krs gSaA
3- bu xhrdkjksa esa oSeuL; o çfrLièkkZ dk Hkko ugha gSA
d- 1 lgh gSA
[k- 2 lgh gSA
x- 3 lgh gSA
?k- 1 vkSj 2 lgh gSA
5- mi;Zqä x|ka'k esa fganh fQYeh xhrksa dh fdl fo'ks"krk ij lokZfèkd cy fn;k x;k gS\
d- ;s xhr dykRed Js"Brk o loZèkeZ leHkko dks vfHkO;ä djrs gSaA
[k- ;s xhr lkaçnkf;d ln~Hkko dks vfHkO;ä djrs gSaA
x- ;s xhr ikjLifjd çse o ln~Hkko dks vfHkO;ä djrs gSaA
?k- ;s xhr gekjh rgt+hc dh [kwclwjrh dks vfHkO;ä djrs gSaA
ehjk
iz02 fuEufyf[kr in dks i<+dj fn, x, ç'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,\
gfj vki gjks tu jh HkhjA
æksinh jh ykt jk[kh] vki c<+k;ks phjA
Hkxr dkj.k :i ujgfj] /kj;ks vki ljhjA
cw<+rks xtjkt jk[;ks] dkVh dq´tj ihjA
nklh ehjk¡ yky fxj/kj] gjks Egkjh HkhjAA
1- ehjk dh jpukvks esa muds vkjk/; fdl :i esa ladfYir fd;s x, gSa\
d- fuxqZ.k fujkdkj czg~e
[k- lxqu lkdkj xksih cYyHk Jh d`".k
x- fueksZgh ijns'kh tksxh
?k- lxqu lkdkj xksih
86
2- ehjk ckbZ dk tUe dc vkSj dgk¡ gqvk\
d- tks/kiqj ds pksdM+h esa 1820 esa
[k- t;iqj esa 1845 esa
x- lhrkiqj esa 1830 esa
?k- tks/kiqj
3- ^fxj/kj* dk D;k vFkZ gS\
d- igkM+
[k- xkso/kZu ioZr /kkj.k djus okys Jh d`".k
x- unh
?k- lxqu lkdkj xksih
4- ehjk dkSu lh Hkk"kkvks dh dof;=h ekuh tkrh gSA
d- xqtjkrh vkSj jktLFkkuh
[k- fganh vkSj xqtjkrh
x- fganh vkSj ejkBh
?k- lHkh
5- ehjk ds in fdldks lEcksf/kr fd;s x, gSa\
d- esokM+ ds egkjk.kk lkaxk
[k- vius vkjk/; d`".k dks
x- vius ifr dks
?k- vius firk dks
iz 0 3 1- ehjk ds vkjk/; nso dkSu gSa \
2- d`".k us fdldh ykt cpkbZ Fkh\
3- Hkä dh j{kk gsrq Hkxoku us dkSu&lk vorkj fy;k Fkk\
4- ehjkckbZ dh Hkfä Hkkouk Li"V dhft,A
5- igys in esa ehjk us çHkq ls viuh ihM+k gjus dh fourh fdl çdkj dh gS\
6- ehjk dh Hkk"kk dh fo'ks"krk,¡ Li"V dhft,A
7- fuEufyf[kr iafä;ksa dk Hkko&lkSan;Z Li"V dhft,A
gfj vki gjks tu jh Hkhj
æksinh jh ykt jk[kh] vki c<+k;ks phjA
Hkxr dkj.k :i ujgfj] /kj~;ks vki ljhjA
8- d`".k dh pkdjh djus ls ehjk dks dkSu dkSu ls rhu ykHk fey ldsax\ s
9- ehjk us vius inksa esa çHkq ds çfr viuh Hkkouk,sa dSls O;ä dh gSa\
10- ehjk Å¡p&s Å¡ps egyksa vkSj chp&chp esa cfx;k dh dYiuk D;ksa dh gS\
iz 0 4 euq";rk
1- fuEufyf[kr dkO;ka'k dks i<+dj fn, x, ç'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,\
pyks vHkh"V ekxZ esa lg"kZ [ksyrs gq,]
foifÙk] fo?u tks iM+as mUgsa <dsyrs gq,A
87
?kVs u gsyesy gk¡] c<+s u fHkUurk dHkh]
vrdZ ,d iaFk ds lrdZ iaFk gksa lHkhA
rHkh leFkZ Hkko gS fd rkjrk gqvk rjs]
ogh euq"; gS fd tks euq"; ds fy, ejs
1- dfo lHkh dks ,d gksdj pyus dh çsj.kk nsrs gSaA blls Kkr gksrk gS fd dfo-------------- ds
i{k/kj gSaA
d- fujUo;
[k- leUo;
x- ØekUo;
?k- nwjkUo;
2- vHkh"V ekxZ ls rkRi;Z gS&
d- LoxZxr ekxZ
[k- çekf.kr ekxZ
x- ØhM+k{ks=h; ekxZ
?k- euksokafNr ekxZ
3- leFkZ Hkko gS] nwljksa dks
d- lQy djrs gq Lo;a lQy gksuk
[k- Kku ekxZ crkrs gq, lQy cukuk
x- 'kfä çn'kZu }kjk lQyrk fnykuk
?k- lQy djrs gq, viuk LokFkZ fln~/k djuk
4- ^fHkUurk uk c<+*s dk vk'k; gS&
d- er fHkUurk gks
[k- erHksn de gksa
x- HksnHkko fHkUu gksa
?k- erHksn vf/kd gksa
5- fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dks /;kuiwoZd if<+,&
i- gesa e`R;q ls dHkh ugha Mjuk pkfg, A
ii- cká vkMacjksa dk fojks/k djuk pkfg,A
iii- ekxZ dh foifÙk;ksa dks <dsyrs gq, vkxs c<+uk pkfg,A
iv- izkd`frd lkSan;Z ds fy, bZ'oj dks /kU;okn nsuk pkfg,A
v- gesa vius thou esa ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k viukuk pkfg,A
in~;ka'k ls esy [kkrs okD;ksa ds fy, mfpr fodYi pqfu, ^
d- (i)] (ii)] (v)
[k- (i)] (iii)] (v)
x- (ii)] (iii)] (iv)
?k- (ii)] (iv)] (v)
88
iz05 fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k,
1- gesa Hkwy dj Hkh fdlds fy, vfHkeku ugha djuk pkfg,\
2- lalkj esa dksbZ vukFk D;ksa ugha gS\ D;ksafd &&&&&\
3- n;kyq nhuca/kq D;k djrk gS\
4- enka/k dk D;k vFkZ gS\
5- O;fDr dks fdl çdkj dk thou thuk pkfg,\
6- dfork êuq";rk* dk çfrikn~; Li"V djsaA
7- îqjk.k iq#"k Lo;aHkw* fdls dgk x;k gS\ mldh D;k fo'ks"krk gS\
8- ijksidkj dh egÙkk Li"V djus ds fy, dfo us fdl fdl ds mnkgj.k fn, gSa\ Li"V djsaA
9- ,d lPps euq"; ds y{k.k Li"V djsaA
10- nkuohjrk ds xq.k dks Li"V djus ds fy, dfo us D;k & D;k mnkgj.k fn, ga\ S
iz06 vc dgk¡ nwljksa ds nq[k esa nq[kh gksus okys
d- fuEufyf[kr x|ka'k dks i<+dj fn, x, ç'uksa ds mÙkj nhft, \
ckbfcy ds lksykseus ftUgsa dqjvku esa lqyes ku dgk x;k gS] bZlk ls 1025 o"kZ iwoZ ,d ckn'kkg FksA dgk
x;k gS] og dsoy ekuo tkfr ds gh jktk ugha Fks] lkjs NksV&s cM+s i'kq&i{kh ds Hkh gkfde FksA og bu lcdh
Hkk"kk Hkh tkurs FksA ,d nQk lqyes ku vius y'dj ds lkFk ,d jkLrs ls xqtj jgs FksA jkLrs esa dqN phafV;ksa
us ?kksM+kas ds Vkiksa dh vkokt lquh rks Mj dj ,d nwljs ls dgk] ^vki tYnh ls vius&vius fcyksa esa pyks]
QkSt vk jgh gSA lqyes ku mudh ckrsa lqudj FkksM+h nwj ij #d x, vkSj phafV;ksa ls cksy]s ?kcjkvks ugha]
lqyes ku dks [kqnk us lcdk j[kokyk cuk;k gSA eSa fdlh ds fy, eqlhcr ugha gw]¡ lcds fy, eqgCcr gwA¡
phafV;ksa us mlds fy, bZ'oj ls nqvk dh vkSj lqyes ku viuh eafty dh vksj c<+ x,A
1- lqyes ku fdlds lkFk jkLrs ls xqtj jgk Fkk\
d- vius ?kksM+s ds lkFk
[k- viuh cPpksa ds lkFk
x- vius y'dj ds lkFk
?k- dksbZ ugha
2- ?kksM+kas ds Vkiksa dh vkokt fdlus lquh\
d- ?kksM+kas us
[k- lqyes ku us
x- phafV;ksa us
?k- fdlh us ugha
3- phafV;k¡ ,d nwljs dks dgk¡ pyus dks dg jgha Fkh\
d- isM+ ij
[k- [ksrksa esa
x- vius vius fcyksa esa
?k- unh esa
89
4- phafV;k¡ ,d nwljs dks dgk¡ pyus dks dg jgha Fkha\
d- isM+ ij
[k- [ksrksa esa
x- vius vius fcyksa esa
?k- unh esa
5- phafV;ksa dks lqyes ku us D;k dg dj /khjt ca/kk;k\
d- eSa eqlhcr ugha eksgCcr gw]¡ j[kokyk gw¡
[k- eSa rqEgs dqN ugha dgwx¡ k]
x- eSa rqEgkjk j[kokyk gw¡
?k- eSa j[kokyk gw¡
[k- fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa ds mÙkj nksA
1- nqfu;k ds otwn esa vkus dh tkudkjh fdlls feyrh gS\
2- /kjrh fdlh ,d dh D;ksa ugh gS\ blesa fdudh fgLlsnkjh gS\
3- c<+rh gqbZ vkcknh dk i;kZoj.k ij D;k çHkko iM+k gS\
4- ikB esa leqæ ds xqLls dk D;k dkj.k crk;k x;k gS\ mlus viuk xqLlk dSls fudkyk\
5- lqyes ku dk nwljk uke D;k Fkk\ mlus phfV;ksa ls D;k dgk\
6- 'ks[k v;kt+ ds firk viuk Hkkstu NksM+dj D;ksa mB [kM+s gq,\
7- ys[kd ds vuqlkj Xokfy;j ls cEcbZ rd dh nwjh esa D;k&D;k ifjorZu vk pqds gSa\
iz 0 7 dkjrwl
d- (duZy vkSj ysf¶VusaV vHkh ckrsa dj gh jgs Fks fd ,d flikgh cgqr rsth ls muds ikl vk;k)
duZy & (mBdj) D;k ckr gS \
xksjk & nwj ls xnZ mBrh fn[kkbZ ns jgh gSA
duZy & flikfg;ksa ls dg nks fd rS;kj jgsa (flikgh lyke djds pyk tkrk gS)
ysf¶VusVa & (tks f[kM+dh ls ckgj ns[kus esa el:Q Fkk) xnZ rks ,slh mM+ jgh gS tSls fd iwjk ,d
dkfQyk pyk vk jgk gks exj eq>s rks ,d gh lokj utj vkrk gSA
duZy & (f[kM+dh ds ikl tkdj) gk¡ ,d gh lokj gSA ljiV ?kksM+k nkSM+k, pyk vk jgk gSA
ysf¶VusVa & vkSj lh/kk gekjh rjQ vkrk ekywe gksrk gS (duZy rkyh ctkdj flikgh dks cqykrk gS)
duZy & (flikgh ls) flikfg;ksa ls dgks] bl lokj ij utj j[ksa fd ;s fdl rjQ tk jgk gS
(flikgh lyke djds pyk tkrk gS)
ysf¶VusVa & 'kqCgs dh rks dksbZ xqatkb'k gh ugha rsth ls blh rjQ vk jgk gS (Vkiksa dh vkokt cgqr
djhc vkdj #d tkrh gS)
lokj & eq>s duZy ls feyuk gSA
xksjk & (fpYykdj) cgqr [kwcA
lokj & (ckgj ls) lhA
xksjk & (vanj vkdj) gqtwj lokj vkils feyuk pkgrk gSA
90
duZy & Hkst nksA
1- daiuh ls D;k rkRi;Z gS \
d- bZLV bafM;k daiuh
[k- vaxt sz h gdwer
x- ljdkj
?k- dksbZ ugha
2- fczfV'k ljdkj dk eqdkcyk FkksM+s ls flikfg;ksa ds lkFk dkSu djus dks rS;kj Fkk \
d- othj vyh
[k- lvknr vyh
x- dfyax
?k- dksbZ ugha
3- othj vyh dk ,d ek= mís';\
d- ywV ikV
[k- ekj dkV
x- vaxt sz kas dks Hkkjr ls ckgj fudkyuk
?k- dksbZ ugha
4- ^,slh mM+rh gqbZ /kwy ls çrhr gksrk gS tSls dh ,d iwjk dkfQyk pyk vk jgk gS* ;g dFku fdldk
gS\
d- duZy dkfyat dk
[k- duZy jkst dk
x- fdlh dk ugha
?k- othj vyh dk
4- duZy dkfyat dks [kses dh rjQ dkSu vkrk fn[kkbZ fn;k\
d- othj vyh
[k- ,d lokj
x- lvknr vyh
?k- dksbZ ugha
[k- d- 'kelqn~nkSyk dkSu Fkk\
[k- fganqLrku ij geyk djus ds fy, vQ+xkfuLrku ds ckn'kkg dks fdl&fdlus nkor nh Fkh\
x- ^daiuh ds f[kykQ+ fganqLrku esa ,d ygj nkSM+ xbZ gS* & dk vk'k; Li"V djrs gq, crkb, fd duZy
dks vc fdl ckr dh vk'kadk gks jgh Fkh\
?k- ^dkjrwl* ikB ds 'kh"kZd dh lkFkZdrk fln~/k dhft,A
M- ot+hj vyh ds ckjs esa lqudj duZy dks jkWfcugqM dh ;kn D;ksa vkbZ\
p- ot+hj vyh us odhy dk dRy D;ksa dj fn;k\
N- ot+hj vyh dh pkfjf=d fo'ks"krk,¡ Li"V dfj,A
91
t- êqV~Bh Hkj vkneh vkSj ;s ne[ke* & vk'k; Li"V djksA
>- duZy dkWfyat dk [ksek taxy esa D;ksa yxk gqvk Fkk\
iz 0 8 liuks a ds ls fnu
d- ^liuksa ds ls fnu* ikB ds vk/kkj ij ys[kd ds cpiu dk o.kZu dfj,A
[k- ^f'k{kk esa cPpksa ds T+;knk #fp u ysus dk dkj.k dqN gn rd muds ekrk&firk Hkh FksA* bl
dFku dh iqf"V dhft,A
x- ih-Vh- lj us pkSFkh d{kk ds Nk=ksa ds lkFk dSlk O;ogkj fd;k\ D;k mudk O;ogkj mfpr
Fkk\
[k.M&[k & O;kdj.k
lekl
iz 0 9 fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa ds mÙkj fn, x, fodYiksa ls pqfu;sA
1- n~oano lekl dk mnkgj.k gS
d- vUo;
[k- fnu & jkr
x- prqjkuu
?k- f=Hkqou
2- buesa ls f}xq lekl dk mnkgj.k gS
d- ihrkEcj
[k- us=ghu
x- pkSjkgk
?k- #i;k&iSlk
3- vO;;hHkko lekl dk ,d mnkgj.k ;Fkk'kfä dk lgh foxzg D;k gksxk
d- tSlh 'kfä
[k- ftruh 'kfä
x- 'kfä ds vuqlkj
?k- ;Fkk tks 'kfä
4- n'kkuu esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- deZ/kkj;
[k- }a}
x- rRiq#"k
?k- cgqohz fg
5- ouokl esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- }a}
[k- f}xq
x- rRiq#"k
?k- cgqohz fg
92
6- vkthou esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- vO;;hHkko
[k- rRiq#"k
x- f}xq
?k- cgqohz fg
7- ijes'oj esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- f}xq
[k- deZ/kkj;
x- rRiq#"k
?k- vO;;hHkko
8- tsc[kpZ esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- rRiq#"k
[k- }a}
x- deZ/kkj;
?k- f}xq
9- lIrf"kZ esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- f}xq
[k- rRiq#"k
x- }a}
?k- deZ/kkj;
10- ?ku';ke esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- rRiq#"k
[k- deZ/kkj;
x- cgqohz fg
?k- f}xq
11- uhyxk; esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- cgqohz fg
[k- rRiq#"k
x- f}xq
?k- deZ/kkj;
12- lkx & ikr esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- vO;;hHkko
[k- f}xq
x- deZ/kkj;
?k- }a}
93
13- uojRu esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- cgqohz fg
[k- rRiq#"k
x- deZ/kkj;
?k- f}xq
14- prqHkqZt esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- }a}
[k- cgqohz fg
x- rRiq#"k
?k- deZ/kkj;
15- ekrk firk esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- }a}
[k- cgqohz fg
x- f}xq
?k- rRiq#"k
16- êkxZO;;* 'kCn@leLrin dkSu&ls lekl dk mnkgj.k gS\
d- f}xq lekl
[k- deZ/kkj; lekl
x- rRiq#"k lekl
?k- vO;;hHkko lekl
17- êgktu* & leLr in dk foxzg gksxk &
d- egku gS tks tu
[k- egk gS tks tu
x- egku dk tu
?k- tu dh egkurk
18- ^;Fkk'kfDr* 'kCn ds fy, lgh lekl&foxzg vkSj lekl dk p;u dhft, &
d- ;Fkk vkSj 'kfDr & }a} lekl
[k- ;Fkk dh 'kfDr & rRiq#"k lekl
x- 'kfDr ds vuqlkj & vO;;hHkko lekl
?k- ;FkkFkZ 'kfDr dk /kuh vFkkZr O;fDr fo'ks"k & cgqohz fg lekl
19- ^frjaxk* dk lekl foxzg ,oa Hksn gksxk &
d- rhu esa jaxk&rRiq#"k lekl
[k- rhu jax&f}xq lekl
x- rhu jaxksa ds leku & deZ/kkj;
?k- rhu jaxks okyk vFkkZr Hkkjr dk jk"Vª /ot&cgqohz fg lekl
94
20- ;qf/kf"Bj esa dkSu lk lekl gS
d- rRiq#"k
[k- cgqohz fg
x- deZ/kk;Z
?k- deZ/kkj;
eqgkojs
iz010 d- vc dgk¡ nwljs ds nq[k esa nq[kh gksus okys
1- nhokj [kM+h djuk&c¡Vokjk dj ysukA
?kj esa yM+kbZ gksus ds dkj.k nksuksa ifjokjksa esa nhokj [kM+h gks xbZA
2- cs?kj djuk&vkJ; Nhu ysukA
psUubZ esa vkbZ ck<+ us u tkus fdrus yksxksa dks cs?kj dj fn;kA
3- Msjk Mkyuk&LFkk;h :i ls jgukA tc ls ;gk¡ naxs gq, gS]a rc ls lsuk us ;gk¡ Msjk Mky fn;k gSA
[k- dkjrwl
1- rax vkuk&ijs'kku gksukA
d{kk esa 'kjkjrh cPpksa ls v/;kid rax vk x;k gSA
2- dke;kc gksuk&lQy gksukA
vius dBksj ifjJe ds dkj.k gh oks vkt MkDVj cu ik;k gSA
3- vk¡[kksa esa /kwy >ksaduk&/kks[kk nsukA
iqfyl dh vk¡[kksa esa /kwy >ksaddj pksj Hkkx x;kA
4- dke reke djuk&ekj MkyukA
lsuk us ,d okj esa vkrafd;ksa dk dke reke dj fn;kA
5- utj j[kuk&fuxjkuh djukA
iqfyl lnSo 'kkfrj pksjksa ij viuh utj j[krh gSA
6- tku c['kuk&gR;k u djukA
vPNs O;ogkj ds dkj.k tt us dSnh dh tku c['k nhA
x- 1- eqgkojs vkSj vFkZ ds mfpr esy okys fodYi dk p;u dhft, &
d- rwrh cksyuk & eqlhcr esa Q¡luk
[k- nw/k dh eD[kh & vuqi;ksxh
x- yksgk ekuuk & dfBu dke djuk
?k- VwV iM+uk & dke 'kq: djuk
2- ^xgjh uhan ls tkx tkuk @ gks'k vkuk* ds fy, mi;qDr eqgkojk gS &
d- lq/k&cq/k [kksuk
[k- vy[k txkuk
x- fnekx gksuk
?k- rankz Hkax gksuk
95
3- ^vkMs+ gkFkksa ysuk* eqgkojs dk vFkZ gS &
d- ?keaM djuk
[k- fojks/k djuk
x- f[kapkbZ djuk
?k- csjkg pyuk
4- js[kkafdr va'k ds fy, dkSu&lk eqgkojk iz;qDr djuk mfpr jgsxk\
^rw fe= gS ;k 'k=q tgk¡ Hkh tkrk gw*¡ ogha esjs lkeus ck/kk mRi= dj nsrk gSA
d- et+k p[kokuk
[k- nhokj [kM+h djuk
x- gkoh gksuk
?k- jkg u lw>uk
5- lsB nhun;ky vius {ks= ds tkus&ekus O;kikjh gSaA ------------------------------ ds }kjk gh
mudh fxurh pqus gq, /kuokuksa es gksrh gSA
fjDr LFkku dh iwfrZ ds fy, mi;qDr fodYi dk p;u dhft,A
d- lkrosa vkleku ij gksus
[k- ureLrd gksus
x- gok esa mM+us
?k- nks ls pkj cukus ds xf.kr
6- îjs'kkuh ns[kdj ?kcjk tkuk* vFkZ ds fy, mi;qDr eqgkojk gS &
d- gkFk&ik¡o Qwy tkuk
[k- izk.k ys ysuk
x- flj fQjuk
?k- BaMk iM+uk
inca/k
iz011 fuEufyf[kr ç'uks esa js[kkafdr inksa dk inca/k Hksn crk;saA
1- v;ks/;k ds jktk n'kjFk ds pkj iq= FksA
d- fØ;k inca/k
[k- loZuke inca/k
x- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
?k- laKk inca/k
ladrs ;gk¡ n'kjFk ds ckjs esa ckr gks jgh gS tks fd laKk gSA
2- /khjs pyus okyh xkfM+;k¡ çk;% nsj ls igqp¡ rh gSaA
d- laKk inca/k
[k- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
x- loZuke inca/k
?k- fØ;k inca/k
ladrs ;gk¡ /khjs pyuk xkM+h dh fo'ks"krk crk jgk gSA
96
3- jk/kk /khjs&/khjs pyrs gq, ogk¡ tk igqp¡ hA
d- laKk inca/k
[k- loZuke inca/k
x- fØ;k fo'ks"k.k inca/k
?k- fØ;k inca/k
ladrs /khjs /khjs (pyuk) fØ;k dh fo'ks"krk gSA
4- cjxn vkSj ihiy dh ?kuh Nk¡o ls gesa cgqr lq[k feyk
d- fØ;k inca/k
[k- loZuke inca/k
x- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
?k- laKk inca/k
ladrs ;gk¡ ?kuk Nk¡o dh fo'ks"rk gSA
5- dbZ yksx bl pht dks fxjk ik,A
d- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
[k- fØ;k inca/k
x- laKk inca/k
?k- loZuke inca/k
ladrs rkdroj yksx laKk gSA
6- mldk ?kksM+k vR;ar lqanj] vkSj vkKkdkjh gSA
d- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
[k- laKk inca/k
x- loZuke inca/k
?k- fØ;k inca/k
ladrs lqUnj vkSj vkKkdkjh rksrk dh fo'ks"krk crk jgk gSA
7- ckrsa djus okys cPpksa esa ls dqN idM+s x,A
d- fØ;k inca/k
[k- loZuke inca/k
x- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
?k- laKk inca/k
ladrs dqN loZuke gSA
8- ogk¡ cSBk gqvk O;fDr dkSu gSA
d- fØ;k inca/k
[k- loZuke inca/k
x- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
?k- laKk inca/k
ladrs O;fä dh fo'ks"krk gSA
9- og cktkj dh vksj vk;k gksxkA
d- fØ;k fo'ks"k.k inca/k
97
[k- fØ;k inca/k
x- laKk inca/k
?k- loZuke inca/k
ladrs vkuk fØ;k gSA
10- fojks/k djus okys O;fä;ksa esa ls dksbZ ugha vk;kA
d- fØ;k fo'ks"k.k inca/k
[k- laKk inca/k
x- loZuke inca/k
?k- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
ladrs dksbZ loZuke gSA
11- eq>s fj;k ?kj ls cqyk jgh gSA
d- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
[k- laKk inca/k
x- loZuke inca/k
?k- fØ;k inca/k
ladrs fn[kkbZ nsuk fØ;k gSA
12- vkleku esa mM+rk xqCckjk QV x;kA
d- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
[k- fØ;k inca/k
x- laKk inca/k
?k- loZuke inca/k
ladrs xqCckjk laKk gSA
13- vius nksLr ds lkFk og pyk x;kA
d- laKk inca/k
[k- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
x- vO;; inca/k
?k- fØ;k inca/k
ladrs ds lkFk & pyk x;k fØ;k gSaA
14- jkds'k unh esa rSj jgk FkkA
d- laKk inca/k
[k- loZuke inca/k
x- fØ;k inca/k
?k- fØ;k fo'ks"k.k inca/k
ladrs rSj jgk Fkk fØ;k gSA
15- bruh yxu ls dke djus okyk eSa vlQy ugha gks ldrk js[kkafdr dk inca/k gS
d- fØ;k inca/k
[k- laKk inca/k
x- fØ;k fo'ks"k.k inca/k
98
?k- loZuke inca/k
ladrs eSa loZuke gSA
16- ^lqyes ku dsoy ekuo tkfr ds gh jktk ugha Fks] lkjs NksV&s cM+s i'kq&i{kh ds Hkh gkfde FksA*
d- laKk inca/k
[k- fØ;k inca/k
x- loZuke inca/k
?k- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
17- ^thus ejus okys euq"; rks gks ldrs gSa ij lgh vFkks± esa ughaA*
bl okD; esa fo'ks"k.k inca/k gksxk &
d- euq"; rks gks ldrs gSa
[k- lgh vFkks± esa ugha
x- thus&ejus okys euq";
?k- thus&ejus okys
18- fØ;kfo'ks"k.k inca/k dk mnkgj.k Nk¡fV, &
d- îzfS DVdy vkbf;kfyLVksa* ds thou ls vkn'kZ /khjs&/khjs ihNs gVus yxrs gSaA
[k- îzfS DVdy vkbf;kfyLVksa* ds thou ls vkn'kZ /khjs&/khjs ihNs gVus yxrs gSaA
x- îzfS DVdy vkbf;kfyLVksa* ds thou ls vkn'kZ /khjs&/khjs ihNs gVus yxrs gSaA
?k- îzfS DVdy vkbf;kfyLVksa* ds thou ls vkn'kZ /khjs&/khjs ihNs gVus yxrs gSaA
19- ^vdlj ge ;k rks xqt+js gq, fnuksa dh [kêh&ehBh ;knksa esa my>s jgrs gSa ;k Hkfo"; ds jaxhu lius
ns[krs jgrs gSaA* js[kkafdr inca/k dk Hksn gS &
d- laKk inca/k
[k- loZuke inca/k
x- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
?k- fØ;k inca/k
20- ^f[kM+dh ds ckgj vc vlgk; nksuksa dcwrj jkr&Hkj [kkeks'k vkSj cSBs jgrs gSaA* js[kkafdr inca/k dk
Hksn gS &
d- laKk inca/k
[k- fØ;k inca/k
x- fo'ks"k.k inca/k
?k- fØ;kfo'ks"k.k inca/k
[k.M&x & ys[ku
ç012 i= ys[ku dk vH;kl dhft,
d- tqekZuk ekQ+ djus ds fy, iz/kkukpk;Z dks izkFkZuk&i= fy[ksaA
[k- lkoZtfud LFkkuksa ij c<+rs /kweiz ku ij fpark O;Dr djus rFkk mls jksdus ds fy, fgUnqLrku VkbEl
ds laiknd dks i= fyf[k,A
x- fnYyh ifjogu fuxe ds vf/kdkjh dks cl deZpkfj;ksa ds iz'kaluh; vkSj lkgfld O;ogkj dh lwpuk
nsrs gq,] mUgsa lEekfur djus dk vkxzg djrs gq, i= fyf[k,A
99
bZ esy ys[ku
ç013 d- vkids cSad [kkrs esa xyrh ls 5000 #i;s dh jkf'k vf/kd vk xbZ gSA bldh tkudkjh cSad
vf/kdkjh dks bZeys fy[kdj nhft,A ('kCn &lhek yxHkx 100 'kCn)
[k- vki 'osrk diwj @ 'kSy's k diwj gSaA vki orZeku ifjiz{s ; esa fganh dh mi;ksfxrk tkurs gSa blfy,
X;kjgoha d{kk eas foKku fo"k; ds lkFk Hkh fganh vfrfjDr fo"k; ds :i esa i<+uk pkgrs gSaA vius
iz/kkukpk;Z dks fon~;ky; ds bZeys irs ij bZeys fy[kdj vuqefr izkIr dhft,A ('kCn &lhek yxHkx
100 'kCn)
100
fnYyh ifCyd Ldwy] Qjhnkckn
n'keh d{kk
laLd`r vfrfjDr dk;Ze~ 2023&2024
bdkbZ & 2
IkkB&2 % ukfLr R;kxlea lq[kEk~A
IkkB&3 % je.kh;k fg l`f"V% ,"kk%A
[k.M% & ^d* ¼vifBrokpue~½
iz0 1 v/kksfyf[kre~ vuqPNsna ifBRok iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k fy[krA
ekuokuke~ dL;fpnfi dk;ZL; lEiknus cqf)jso çèkkuHkwra lkèkua fo|rs A vFk dk uke cqf) A cqf)% cksèkukRk~] ;Fkk cykn~ fo"k;k leocksè;Urs
Kk;Urs lk cqf)%] cqè;rs vusufs r O;qRiÙks% A cqf)fgZ KkukfRedk 'kfäfo'ks"kkA cqf)eku~ fg ekuoks ;fLeu~ dfLeUk~okfi fo"k;s inekèkrs rfLeUuso
fo"k;s Locqf)peRdkja çn'kZ;fr A lR;esrRk~] fdUrq uk;a lkoZf=dks fu;e% dfLeaf'pn~ fo"k;s fuiq.krjks·fi df'pr~ fo"k;kUrjs Kkua
çn'kZ;frA df'pr~ Nk=% xf.kr & o"k;s eUnks·fi Hkk"kk;ka vfresèkkoh foyksD;rs A vr% O;fäHksnkr~ cqf)Hksnk vfi tk;UrsA l p cqf)Hksn%
dekZucq Uèkks HkofrA cq);Lrkor~ f=foèkk –';Urs & cksèkkfRedk] çsj.kkfRedk] mHk;kfRedh pA rklq cksèkkfRedk lkekU;k] çsj.kkfRedk p fof'k"Vk]
mHk;kfRedk iqu% l o'ks"kk HkofrA lfo'ks"kcqf)eUrks fg ekuok% fof'k"Vk% egkUr'p tk;UrsA r ,o esèkkfou% bfr insu O;ifn';Urs A
çsj.kkfRedk fg cqf)% lnk Qyorh Hkofr A cqf)fgZ Kki;fr [kyq ;FkkFkZa rÙoEk~A
v- ,dinsu mÙkjrA
d- dL; lEiknus cqf)% lkèkue~ fo|rs \
[k- dfLeaf'pf}"k;s fuiq.kdjks·fi fda çn'kZ;fr \
x- cq);% dfr foèkk% –';Urs \
?k- dh–'kh cqf)% lnSo Qyorh Hkofr \
vk- iw.kZokD;su mÙkjrA
d- f=foèkk cq);% dk% \
[k- cq)%s dk O;qRifÙk% A
b- funsZ'kkuqlkje~ mÙkjrA
d- ^çsj.kkfRedka* bfr ins d% fy³~x% \
[k- îzn'kZ;fr* bfr fØ;kinL; drZ̀ina fde~ \
x- ^cqf)fgZ KkukRedk 'kfDrfo'ks"kk* v= fo'ks";ina fde~\
?k- êkuok%* bfr drZ̀inL; fØ;kine~ fde~ fyf[kre~\
bZ - vL; x|ka'kL; 'kh"kZda fy[krA
iz0 2 v/kksfyf[kre~ vuPNsna ifBRok iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k fy[krA
vLekda ns'k% —f"kçèkkuns'k% vfLr A lEçfr ns'kL; lIrfr çfr'krtuk% —f"keqifj voyfEcrk% lfUr A ;nk ƒ‹†‰ res o"kZs ns'k% LorU=%
vHkor~ rnk —"kdkuka fLFkfr% vrho 'kkspuh;k vklhRk~A HkkjrL; dksfV'k% tuk% vUuL; vYi;ksRikneu& dkj.kkr~ {kqèk;k ihfMrk% HkwRok
dkydoyhHkwrk% tkrk% ija vLekda çèkkuefU=.k% Jhtokgjyky usg: egksn;L; lRiz;klsu c`gr~ cUèkkuka fuekZ.ka vHkor~ A dqY;kfn}kjk
leLrs"kq ns'ks"kq 'kL;lspuk; tye~ miyCèka vHkor~A 'kuS% 'kuS% —f"k{ks=s fodkl% tkrk%A usg: egksn;L; vuUrja Jhyky cgknqj'kkL=h]
Jherh bfUnjkxk¡èkh egksn;k;k% p ç;klsu çFke&gfjr ØkUrs% lw=ikr% vHkor~A vUuksRiknus ns'k% vkRefjHkZj% tkr%A xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk;k%
fodklk; v|ruh;% loZdkj% vfi uwru–"V~;k ç;reku% vfLrA vLekr~ dkj.kkr~ Hkkjrns'k% u dsoya —f"k mRiknus vkRefuHkZj% vHkor~
85
85
vFk p vUuL; fo'kkyHk.Mkxkjk% lqjf{krk% lfUrA vLekda loZs"kka ,rr~ drZO;efLr ;r~ —"ks fodklk; lrra ç;kla dq;kZeA
v- ,dinsu mÙkjrA
d- vLekda ns'k% dh–'k% vfLr \
[k- dksfV'k% tuk% d;k ihfMrk% tkrk% \
x- dfLeu~ {ks=s ns'k% vkRefuHkZj% tkr% \
?k- usg: egksn;L; ç;klsu ds"kka fuekZ.ke~ vHkoRk~\
vk- iw.kZokD;su mÙkjrA
d- vkèkqfud% loZdkj% dq= ç;reku% vfLr \
[k- loZ"s kka ç;klsu ns'k% dh–'k% tkr% \
b- funsZ'kkuqlkje~ mÙkjr &
d- ^ ^fLFkfr%* bfr drZìnL; fØ;kina fde~\
[k- ^vLekr~ dkj.kkr~ --------------- vHkor~^ v= ^^vHkor~** bfr fØ;kinL; dr`Zina fde~\
x- ^{kqèk;k* bfr ins dk foHkfä% \
?k- ^dkydoyhHkwrk%* bfr inL; fo'ks";ina fde~ vkxre~\
bZ - v/kks x|ka'kL; 'kh"kZda fy[krA
[k.M% & [k ¼jpukRed&dk;Ze~½
iz0 3 Hkor% uke lqj's k% vfLrA Hkoku~ Lofe=e~ jkgqya Lo HkfxU;k% fookgs fueU=.ke~ nkrqe~ bPNfrA e´~tq"kk;k% mfprinS% i=a
iwj ;r%A
m- nsojkjf.k%
t;iqjr%
fnUkkad%-
¼i½ jkgqy!
¼ii½ ueksue%A
v= dq'kya r=kLrq dke;sA
bna ¼iii½ o`Ùka HkoUra lqpf;Rok vge~ vkuUne~ vuqHkokfe ;r~ ee ¼iv½ fookg% vfxzeklL;
n'kE;ka ¼v½ cq/kkokljs] fuf'pr% tkr%A oj;k=k y{e.kiqjkr~ ¼vi½ A vga Roka iszeiwoZda iworZ %
,o Kki;kfe ;su Roe~ v= ¼vii½ iworZ % ,o izkIr% L;k%A Hkork fir`H;ka lg v= vo';eso ¼viii½
A Hkkorka fLuX/kk l³~xfr% lkgk¸;a p vga dke;sA ¼ix½ fir`H;ka lLusga ueksue%A ro i=ksÙkja izrh{kek.k%A
Hkorka fe=e~
lqj's k%A
¼x½
e´~t"w kk & fe=] lizes ] rkfjdk;ka] vkxUrO;e~] HkkfxU;k%] izhfrnk;da] vknj.kh;kH;ka] f=prqfnZukfu] vkxkfe";fr] tks/kiqjuxje~A
86
86
iz0 4 Hkor% uke fnus'k% vfLrA ro fe=a jkds'k% fnYyh uxjs olfrA Lofo|ky;L; o.kZue~ dqouZ ~ fe=a izfr fyf[kre~ bna i=a
e´~tw"kk;ka nÙkS% mfprinS% iwj;rA
e´~t"w kk& jkds'k] ;ksX;k%] ueLrs] v/;kidk%] dq'kya] fo|ky;%] iz'kaluh;k] fe=e~] yf[k";kfe] uo nYyhuxje~A
dsUnzh; fo|ky;%
dke:ir%
frfFk%
fiz; (i) !
lLusga (ii) A
v= (iii) r=kLrqA vge~ v/kquk Lofo|ky;L; o.kZua drqeZ ~ bPNfeA ee (iv) vrho 'kksHku%
vfLrA vLekde~ losZ (v) nÙkfpÙksu ikB;fUrA rs"kka ;ksX;rk oLrqr% (vi) A loZs Nk=k% vfi
(vii) lfUrA foLrjs.k iqu% (viii) A
Hkou% (x)
fnus'k%
(ix) A
iz0 5 fuEuiznÙka fp=a n`"V~ok e¥~t"q kk;k% 'kCnlgk;r;k laLd`rs i¥~p okD;kfu fy[krA
j{kfUr] mnxzfoekue~] o`)% tu%] yfEcrlksikusu] tykIykoL;] lSfudk%] tuku~] ihfMrk%] lgk;rke~
Ikykf;rkS] /k`Rok] dqofZ Ur] ns'kj{kdk%] vUrkjkf"Vª;klhek;k%] voS/kizos'ke~] izgfj.k%] Hkq'kqf.Me~] ifjr%] ioZrk%] lUu)k%] vkradokfnukS
87
87
iz0 6 d- ^^gksfydksRlo%** bfr fo"k;e~ vfèkd`R; e¥~tw"kklkgk¸;su i¥~p laLd`rokD;kfu fy[krA
e¥~t"w kk
tuk] çlUuk%] j³~xEk~] feyfUr] [kknfUr] çf{kifUr] oSjHkkoe]~ foLe`R;] vkfy³~xue~] dqofZ UrA
[k- ^êgkHkkjrEk~** bfr fo"k;e~ vfèkd`R; e¥~tw"kklkgk¸;su i¥~p laLd`rokD;kfu fy[krA
e¥~t"w kk
Jhd`".k%] dkSjok%] ik.Mok%] ;q)L; dkj.ke~] nq;kZès ku%] ækSinh] d.kZ%] vtZqu%] Hkhe%] Hkh"efirkeg%A
iz0 7 e´~tw"kkr% mfpr & inkfu fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;rA
e´~t"w kk & fouk] xkrqe]~ bPNfUr] o;a] egksn;] ijUrq] ;fn] 'kksHkue~] vko';drk] ok|;U=kf.kA
v/;kid% & Nk=k%! fda HkoUr% fdf´~pr~ iz"Vqe-~ ------\
Nk=k% & egksn;!-------- rq xkrqe~ bPNke%A
v/;kid% & xkrqe~ bPNfUr!--------- vga rq------- u leFkZ%A
Nk=k% & -----------A o;a xkL;ke%A lewgxkue~A -------- Hkoku~ vfi xkL;fr] rfgZ 'kksHkue~ Hkfo";frA
v/;kid% & -----------A vge vfi xkL;kfeA xhra fde~ vfLr\
fd ok|U=k.kke~ vfi---------- vfLrA
Nk=k% & -----------;fn lfUr] 'kksHkue~A vU;Fkk ,rkfu-------- ,o xkraq 'kD;rsA
v/;kid% & ,oe~ vfLr rfgZ xk;ke%A
iz0 8 e´~tw"kkr% mfpr inkfu fpRok fjDr LFkkukfu iwj;rA
e´~t"w kk & 'kksHkue~] vkxPNkfe] g~;%] tud%] Tojs.k] bknkuhe~] 'o%] jes] ihfMr%
jek & Roa---------- fo|ky;a dFka u vkxPN%\
lhrk & g~;% ee-------- vLoLFk% vklhr~A
jek & ro tud% dsu jksxs.k------ vklhr~A
lhrk & l% --------- ihfM+r% vklhr~A
jek & ---------- l% LoLFk% vfLr\
lhrk & ----------! fda Roa 'o% fo|ky;e~ vkxfe";fl\
lhrk & -------- vge~A
jek & ---------- 'o% iqu% fefy";ko%A
iz0 9 vèkksfyf[krka dFkka e¥~tw"kk;k% lgk;r;k iwjf;Rok mÙkjiqfLrdk;ka fy[krA
,dnk jktk foØekfnR;% ;ksfxos'ka &&&&&&&& jkT;kVua drZeq ~ vxPNRk~A ifjHkzeu~ l% ,da uxja &&&&&&&&A r= unhrVs ,d%
&&&&&&&& vklhRk~A r= &&&&&&&& iqjk.kdFkka 'k`.ofUr LeA rnkuhe~ ,o ,d% o`)% Loiq=.s k lg u|k% &&&&&&&&
çokfgr%A l% =kfg eke~] =kfg eke~ bfr vkdkfjroku~ fdUrq r= mifLFkrk% &&&&&&&& lfoLe;a ra o`)a i';fUrA rL;
&&&&&&&& JRok·fi r;ks% çk.kj{kka &&&&&&&& u djksfrA rnk uì% foØekfnR; unha &&&&&&&& iq=.s k lg ra o`)e~
vfrçokgkr~ &&&&&&&& rVe~ vkuhrokUk~A LoLFkks &&&&&&&& o`)% foØek; vkf'k"ka nRok iq=.s k lg &&&&&&&& xr%A lR;e~
,o mäEk~& Þ;Lrq fØ;kokUk~ iq#"k%] l% ,o fo}kUk~Aß
e¥~tw"kk & nsoky;%] çokgs.k] èk`Rok] çkIrokUk~] uxjokflu%] çfo';] Lox`g]a vkd`";] phRdkja] uxjtuk%] dks·fi] HkwRok
88
88
iz0 10 vèkksfyf[krka dFkka e¥~tw"kk;k% lgk;r;k iwjf;Rok mÙkjiqfLrdk;ka fy[krA
&&&&&&&& ,d% o`{k% vklhRk~A r= LoifjJes.k fufeZrs"kq &&&&&&&& [kxk% olfUr LeA rfLeUk~ &&&&&&&& df'pr~ okuj%
vfi fuolfr LeA ,dnk egrh &&&&&&&& vHkoRk~A l% okuj% tysu vrhOk vknz%Z &&&&&&&& p vHkoRk~A [kxk% &&&&&&&&
dEiekua okuje~ vonu~& ÞHkks okuj! Roa d"Ve~ vuqHkoflA rr~ dFka &&&&&&&& fuekZ.ka u djksf"k\ß okuj% rs"kka [kxkuke~ ,rr~ opua
JqRok vfpUr;Rk~& vgks! ,rs &&&&&&&& [kxk% eka fuUnfUrA vr% l% okuj% [kxkuka &&&&&&&& o`{kkr~ vèk% &&&&&&&&A
[kxkuka uhMS% rs"kke~ v.Mkfu vfi u";fUrA
e¥~tw"kk & xaxkrhjs] o`{krys] o`f"V%] 'khrsu] x`gL;] uhMs"kq] dfEir%] vikr;Rk~] uhMkfu] {kqæk%
[k.M% x ¼vuqiz;qDr&O;kdj.ke~½
lfU/k%&
v;kfn lfU/k% ¼,pks·;ok;ko%½
iz0 11 v/kksfyf[krkuka js[kkf³~drinkuka lfU/kfoPNsna dq#rA

1- l% rq LoifjokjL; u;ue~ vfLrA
2- i'; i'; je.kh;e~ HkouEk~A
3- vL; ukVdL; uk;d% d% vfLr\
4- fo'kkykS ioZrkfooA
5- lg ukoorq lg ukS HkquDrqA
6- ikod% loZa ngfrA
7- gj;s ue%A
iz0 12 v/kksfyf[krkuka js[kkf³~drinkuka lfU/k;qDrinkfu fy[krA
1- jke% jk=kS n'koknus 'ks $ vue~ djksfrA
2- }kS $ ,o tukS /kU;kSA
3- ,"k% ckyd% HkkS $ md% vfLrA
4- iks $ vu% ogfrA
5- xaxk iks $ b=k unh vfLrA
6- xS $ bdk xhra xk;frA
iwoZ:ilfU/k% ¼,³% inkUrknfr½
inkUr ,@vks $ v ¾ · ¼voxzg fpg~u½
;Fkk&
vUrs $ vfi ¾ vUrs·fi
rs $ v= ¾ rs·=
fo".kks $ v= ¾ fo".kks·=
lks $ vonr~ ¾ lks·onRk~
89
89
iz0 13 v/kksfyf[krkuka lfU/kfoPNsninkuka lfU/k;qDrinkfu fy[krA
1- jkeks $ vglr~ ¾
2- dks $ vfi ¾
3- gjs $ vo ¾
4- es $ vfUrds ¾
5- nh?kksZ $ vgfu ¾
iz0 14 v/kksfyf[krkuka lfU/k;qDrinkuka lfU/kfoPNsna dq#rA
1- xksikyks·gEk~ ¾
2- n'kds·fi ¾
3- izHkks·uqxgz % ¾
4- yksdks·;e~ ¾
5- vuqxgz ks·= ¾
Lkekl%
u¥~ lekl%
Þughaß vFkZ okys Þu¥~ß dk tc nwljs 'kCn ds lkFk lekl gks tkrk gS rks og u¥~ lekl dgykrk gSA ;fn ckn esa O;¥~tu gks rks u¥~
dk Þvß 'ks"k jgrk gS o ckn esa Loj gks rks vu~ jgsxkA
mnkgj.k& u czkã.k% ¾ vczkã.k%A ;gk¡ Þuß o Þczkã.k%ß dk lekl gksdj Þvczkã.k%ß 'kCn cuk o leLr in esa u dk ^v* 'ks"k jgkA
1- u LoLFk% ¾
2- u U;k;% ¾
3- u fç;% ¾
4- u lqUnj% ¾
5- u mifLFkr% ¾
6- u mfpr% ¾
7- u vkxr% ¾
8- u mnkj% ¾
9- u bZÜojoknh ¾
10- u m}sxdje~ ¾
90
90
miinrRiq#"k% lekl% ¼miinefr³~½
bl lekl esa iwoZin laKk rFkk mÙkjin d`nUr gksrk gSA

foxzg djrs le; mÙkjin fØ;k :Ik esa jgrk gS rFkk fØ;k ds ckn ^^bfr** in tksMk+ tkrk gSA
leLr in esa fØ;k dk laf{kIr :Ik jgrk gS rFkk iwoiZ n dh foHkfDr dk yksi gksrk gSA
leLr in ds rhuksa fyaxksa esa :Ik curs gSaA
;Fkk%& x`gLFk% x`gs fr"Bfr bfrA
fo|kFkÊ fo|ke~ vFkZ;rs bfrA
vxzt% &&&&&&&&&&&&&
i³~dtEk~ &&&&&&&&&&&&&
lqyHkEk~ &&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&& o`{ks olfr bfrA
&&&&&&&&&&&&& loZe~ tkukfr bfrA
&&&&&&&&&&&&& vuq tk;rs bfrA
dqEHkdkj% &&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&& fp=e~ djksfr bfrA
&&&&&&&&&&&&& vUre~ djksfr bfrA
&&&&&&&&&&&&& uù~ ikfr bfrA
&&&&&&&&&&&&& xzkes olfUr bfr rsA
loZneu% &&&&&&&&&&&&&
'kkL=K% &&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&& eèkq ficfr bfrA
&&&&&&&&&&&&& xf.kre~ tkukfr bfrA
&&&&&&&&&&&&& Js;% djksfr bfrA
91
91
ikjxk% &&&&&&&&&&&&&
eksndjEk~ &&&&&&&&&&&&&
nq%[kdjEk~ &&&&&&&&&&&&&
i;ksn% &&&&&&&&&&&&&
okP;ifjorZu e~ ¼yV~ydkjs½
laLd`r Hkk"kk es]a lHkh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa vkSj vU; ;ksjksih; Hkk"kkvksa esa okP; dk egÙoiw.kZ LFkku gSA okP; ds lgh Kku ds fcuk Hkk"kk dk
vkdkj ugha tkuk tk ldrk gSA
laLd`r & Hkk"kk esa rhu okP; gksrs gSa&
1- drZo` kP;e~
2- deZokP;e~
3- HkkookP;e~
drZ̀okP;e~ & drZ̀okP; esa drkZ dh çèkkurk gksrh gS] blfy, drkZ esa izFkek foHkfDr] deZ esa f}rh;k foHkfDr vkSj fØ;k esa fy³~x] iq#"k
o opu drkZ ds vuqlkj gksrk gSA
drZfj çFkek ;= f}rh;k·Fk p deZf.kA
drZ̀okP;a Hkosr~ rÙkq fØ;k drZùlq kfj.kAA
tSl&s ckyd% fo|ky;a xPNfrA ckydkS fo|ky;a xPNr%A ckydk% fo|ky;a xPNfUrA
deZokP;e~ & blesa deZ dh çèkkurk gksrh gSA vr% fØ;k esa fy³~x] iq#"k o opu deZ ds vuqlkj gksrk gSA drZ̀okP; dk drkZ
deZokP; esa r`rh;k foHkfä esa gksrk gS vkSj deZ çFkek foHkfä esa gksrk gSA ;gk¡ lHkh èkkrq,¡ vkReusin esa gksrh gSa vkSj chp esa ^;* tqMr+ k
gSA
deZf.k çFkek ;= r`rh;k·Fk p drZfjA
deZokP;a Hkosr~ rÙkq fØ;k dekZuqlkfj.khAA
tSls& Nk=s.k fo|ky;% xE;rsA Nk=kH;ka iqLrds iBîsrsA vLekfHk% i|kfu iBîUrsA
HkkookP;e~ & vdeZd èkkrqvksa dk deZokP; ds leku :i dk ftlesa ç;ksx fn[kykbZ nsrk gS] og HkkookP; dk ç;ksx gksrk gSA ;gk¡
fØ;k dsoy Hkko dks lwfpr djrh gSA blfy, og lnk dsoy çFke iq#"k ,dopu esa gh ç;qä gksrh gSA og drkZ ds fy³~x] iq#"k o
opu dk vuqlj.k ugha djrh gSA tgk¡ fy³~x visf{kr gksrk gS] ogk¡ uiqaldfyax ,dopu dk gh ç;ksx gksrk gSA -nUr esa fØ;k dk
ç;ksx djus ij og uiqla dfyax ,dopu esa gh gksxhA HkkookP; esa çFkek foHkfä;qä in fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk gSA HkkookP; esa Hkh drkZ
r`rh;k foHkfä esa gh ç;qä gksrk gSA HkkookP;s fØ;k ofä u drkZja u deZ pA
r= drkZ r`rh;k;ka fØ;k Hkkokuqlkfj.khAA
Hkkos rq deZokP;fØ;Sdopus çFkeiq#"ksA
lk psn~ Hkosn~ d`nUrk DyhcçFkeSdopus L;kRk~AA
tSl&s
HkokUk~@l% iBfrA & Hkork@rsu iBîrsA
Roa iBflA & Ro;k iBîrsA
vga iBkfeA & e;k iBîrsA
vdeZd&/kkro%
92
92
yTtk lÙkk fLFkfr tkxj.ka] o`f) {k; Hk; thforej.kEk~A
dkSfVY;kSRlqD; Hkze;RuXykfutjk lkeF;Z {kj.kEk~AA
'kkfUrèofueTtuoSdY;a] tÈ Hk.kjEHk.kjksn ugluEk~A
'k;uØhMk#fpnhIR;FkZa] èkkrqx.ka redeZdekgqAA
iz0 15 vèkksfyf[krka okD;kuka okP;ifjorZua d`Rok mÙkjiqfLrdk;ka fy[krA
d- Nk=% iqjLdkja x`º.kkfrA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
[k- Nk;kdkj% Nk;kfp=a jp;frA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
x- vga ys[ka fy[kkfeA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
?k- o`{kS% Qykfu nh;UrsA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
³- Nk=S% xqjo% uE;UrsA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
p- ikfiuk ikia fØ;rsA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
N- Roa dFkka 'k`.kksf"kA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
t- vga eksga R;tkfeA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
>- jkes.k tud% ç.kE;rsA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
¥- vga ikBa LejkfeA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
V- e;k fuR;a O;k;ke% fØ;rsA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
B- vga Qykfu [kknkfeA &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
iz0 16 d- e¥~tw"kk;k% çnÙkS% vO;;S% okD;kfu iwj;rA
e¥~tw"kk& 'kuS% 'kuS%] iqu%] vfi] 'kh?kze~ 'kh?kzEk~] ,o
d- vga ra tkukfe A ,"k% ekykdkj% vfLr A
[k- i';] mious tuk% pyfUr A
x- vga i';kfe ;n~ o`)k% rq pyfUr A
?k- i';] r= efgyk% HkzefUr A
³- Roa ew"kdks Hko A
[k- e¥~tw"kk;k% çnÙkS% vO;;S% okD;kfu iwj;rA
e¥~tw"kk& Üo%] r=] blLrr%] vfi] cgqèkk
d- r= o`{ks"kq okujk% dqnZfUr A
[k- tuk% lalkjs deZ dqoZfUr A
x- i';] e;wjk% vfi u`R;fUr A
?k- o`{k'kk[kklq dksfdyk% eèkqja xk;fUr A
³- vèkquk x`ga xPNko% iqu% vkxfeO;ko% A
93
93
x- eTtw"kk;k% çnÙkS% vO;;S% okD;kfu iwj;rA
e¥~tw"kk& loZ=] 'kuS%] Üo%] fouk] brLrr%] mPpS%] uhpS%] fouk] ek] 'kh?kze~
d- i'ko% HkzefUr A
[k- dPNi% rq pyfr A
x- e;wja dqr% tUrq'kkyk;k% 'kksHkk \
?k- vga vfi Hkze.kk; xfe";kfe A
³- bZÜoj% O;kidks·fLr A
p- yksHkh HkoA
N- tya ç—R;k ogfr A
t- —ra deZ Qynk;da Hkofr A
>- es?kk% xtZfUr A
¥- ç—fre~ dqr% 'kksHkk \
?k- e¥~tw"kk;k% çnÙkS% vO;;S% okD;kfu iwj;rA
e¥~tw"kk& á%] Üo%] rFkk] ;nk&dnk] r=
d- ;= deykfu Hkzejk% A
[k- ;Fkk jktk çtk A
x- vga r= xfe";kfe A
?k- vga r= u vxPNe~ A
³- rs ,o v=kxPNfUr A
³- e¥~tw"kk & çnÙkS% vO;;S% okD;kfu iwj;rA
e¥~tw"kk& vfi] [kyq] dqr%] bo] mPpS%
d- l% vk;kr% \
[k- l% jkds'k% A
x- Roe~ onA
?k- l% eq[ksu pUæ lkSE;% çrh;rs A
³- ek on A
iz0 17 1- mnkgj.kkuqlkja ?kfVdka n`"V~ok Lofnup;k± o.kZ;rA
vga ¼izkr%½ 6-00 AM "kV~oknus 'k¸;ka R;tkfeA
94
94
d- 7-15 AM ¼izkr%½ izkr% oknus fo|ky;a xPNkfeA
[k- 1-45 PM ¼e/;kg~us½ e/;kg~us oknus fo|ky;kr~ vkxPNkfeA
2- 12-15 PM ¼e/;kg~u½s ;Fkk & e/;kg~us likn~ }kn'k oknusA
d- 04-15 PM ¼vijkg~.ks½ e/;kg~us oknusA
[k- 09-00 AM ¼izkr%½ izkr% oknusA
x- 10-30 AM ¼izkr%½ izkr% oknusA
?k- 11-45 AM ¼izkr%½ izkr% oknusA

iz0 17 fuEufyf[krs"kq okD;s"kq js[kkaf drinkuka foHkfä&fyax&opu&fØ;kn`"Vîk la'kksèkua dq#rA
1- lokZ% e`xk% èkkofUrA
2- bes Qykfu eèkqjk% lfUrA
3- rL; iRuh xq.koku~ vfLrA
4- loZs efgyk% iq=ku~ bPNfUrA
5- vga djksfrA
6- Roa dq= xPNfr\
7- Hkoku~ fda iBfl\
8- jke% Roa p xPNr%A
9- o`{kkr~ Qyk% irfUrA
95
95
10- ekròr~ ijnkjklqA
11- ,"k% dU;k xq.korh vfLrA
12- vga á% fp=iVa æ{;kfeA
13- o;a ijÜo% r= u vxPNkeA
14- Roe~ v|So xzkea xPNfrA
15- ,d% ckfydk glfrA
16- ,d% Qya irfrA
17- eáa =;% Qykfu ;PNA
18- rL; pRokfj iq=k% lfUrA
[k.M% ?k ¼ifBrokpue~½
ikB%&2 ukfLr R;kxlea lq[ke~A
iz0 18 vèkksfyf[kra x|ka'ka ifBRok ç'uku~ mÙkjrA
d- vFk ,dnk Hkxoku~ cksfèklÙo% cgqtUekftZriq.;QyS% f'kohuka jktk cHkwoA l ckY;kr~ ,o o`)ksilsoh] fou;'khy%] 'kkL=ikj³~xr% p
vklhRk~A tudY;k.kdeZlq jr% vlkS iq=or~ çtk% iky;fr LeA dk#.;&vkSnk;kZfnln~xq.kksisr% l uxjL; leUrr% èku&èkkU;le`)k%
nku'kkyk% vdkj;Rk~A r= vfFkZuka lewg% vUu&iku& olu&jtr& lqo.kkZfndkfu vHkh"Vkfu oLrwfu çkI; lUrq"V% vHkoRk~A jkK%
nku'khyrke~ vkd.;Z ns'kkUrjsH;ks·fi tuk% ra ns'ke~ vk;kfUr LeA
1 ,dinsu mÙkjrA
d- d% f'kohuka jktk cHkwo\
[k- jktk iq=or~ dk% iky;fr Le\
2 iw.kZokD;su mÙkjrA
d- jktk uxjL; leUrr% fde~ vdkj;r~\
[k- 'kkL=s"kq ikj³~xr% d% vklhr~\
3- funs'Z kkuqlkje~ mÙkjrA
d- ^JqRok* bR;FksZ fda ina iz;qDre~\
[k- ^vk;kfUr Le* bfr fØ;k;k% drZìna fde~A
x- ^vfHk"Vkfu oLrwfu* bfr vu;ks% in;ks% fo'ks";ina fde~A
[k- jktk mokp& ^^HkxoUk~! HkoUeuksjFka iwjf;Rok vkRekue~ vuqx`ghra drZqe~ bPNkfeA vkfn';rkEk~] fda djokf.k\** foç% mokp& ^^;fn
Hkoku~ çhr%] rnk RoÙk% ,dL; p{kq"k% nkue~ bPNkfe ;su ee yksd;k=k fuckZèkk HkosRk~A rr~ JqRok jktk vfpUr;Rk~] Þyksds p{kqnkZua
nq"djesoA uwuEk~] bZn`'ka nkue~ bPNu~ v;a ;kpd% dsukfi çsfjr% L;kRk~A vFkok Hkorq ukeA fda cgq fpUrusuA** bfr fopk;Z jktk
vHkk"kr&Hkks fe=! fdesdus p{kq"kk] vga Hkors p{kq}Z;eso ç;PNkfe bfrA
1 ,dinsu mÙkjrA
d- dk fuckZ/kk Hkosr\~
[k- ^vga Hkors p{kq}Z;eso ç;PNkfeA* bfr d% vonr~\
96
96
d- jktk fopk;Z fde~ vHkk"kr\
[k- jktk fde~ vfpUr;r~\
d- ^yksd;k=k* bfRk dr`ZinL; fØ;kina fda iz;Dq re~\
[k- îz;PNkfe* bfr fØ;k;k% drZìna fde~\
x- ^bZn`'ke~* bfr dL; inL; fo'ks"k.kine~\
iz0 19 fuEufyf[kra js[kkf³~drine~ vkèk`R; ç'ufuekZ.ka dq#rA
d- foç% mokp&vge~ ,dL; p{kq"k% nkue~ bPNkfeA
[k- vga Hkors p{kq};Z eso ç;PNkfeA
x- ;su ee yksd;k=k fuckZèkk HkosRk~A
?k- vge~ vkRekue~ vuqxgz hra drZqe~ bPNfrA
iz0 20 vèkksfyf[kr'yksd;ks% vUo;e~ mfprinsu iwjf;Rok mÙkjiqfLrdk;ke~ iqu% fy[krA
d- nkL;kehfr çfrKk; ;ks·U;Fkk dq#rs eu%A
dkiZ.;kfuf'prers% d% L;kr~ ikirjLrr%AA
vUo;%& nkL;kfe bfr ¼d½ &&&&&&& ;% eu% vU;Fkk ¼[k½ &&&&&&& dkiZ.; ¼x½ &&&&&&& rr% ¼?k½ &&&&&&&
d% L;kr~\
e¥~tw"kk& dq#rs] ikirj%] vfuf'prers%] çfrKk;
[k- 'kØks·gefLe nsoUs æLRoRlehieqikxr%A
oja o`.kh"o jkt"kZs! ;fnPNfl rnqP;rkEk~AA
vUo;%& jkt"kZs! vga ¼d½ &&&&&&& 'kØ% Ror~ ¼[k½ &&&&&&& mikxr% vfLeA oja ¼x½ &&&&&&& ;r~ bPNfl ¼?k½
&&&&&&& mP;rkEk~A
e¥~tw"kk& rRk~] lehiEk~] nsoUs æ%] o`.kh"o
x- èkuL; fu%lkjy?kks% l lkjks ;n~ nh;rs yksdfgrksUeq[ksuA
fuèkkurka ;kfr fg nh;ekuE] vnh;ekua fuèkuSdfu"BEk~AA
vUo;%& fu%lkjy?kks% ¼d½ &&&&&&& l% lkj% ;r~ ¼[k½ &&&&&&& mUeq[ksu nh;rsA ¼x½ &&&&&&& ¼èkua½ fuèkkurka fg
;kfrA vnh;ekua ¼èkua½ fuèku&¼?k½ &&&&&&& ¼Hkofr½A
e¥~t"w kk& yksdfgr] ,dfu"BEk~] èkuL;] nh;ekue~
iz0 21 fuEufyf[kr'yksd;ks% Hkkoe~ mi;qä'kCnS% iwj;rA
d- nkL;kehfr çfrKk; ;ks·U;Fkk dq#rs eu%A
dkiZ.;kfuf'prers% d% L;kr~ ikirjLrr%AA
vL; Hkkoks·fLr ;r~& ;% tu% Lothous ¼d½ &&&&&&& izfrKka d`Rok Ik'pkr~ rL;k% ¼[k½ &&&&&&& u djksfrA rLekr~
dkiZ.; ¼x½ &&&&&&& ujkr~ vf/kd% ¼?k½ &&&&&&& dks·fi u HkofrA
e¥~tw"kk& ikih] nkuL;] vfuf'prers%] ikyue~
97
97
[k- 'kØks·gefLe nsoUs æLRoRlehieqikxr%A
oja o`.kh"o jkt"kZs! ;fnPNfl rnqP;rkEk~AA
vL; Hkkoks·fLr ;r~& 'kØ% ¼d½ &&&&&&& dFk;fr ;r~ vga nsokuke~ uì% ¼[k½ &&&&&&& ro lehis oja nkrqe~ ¼x½
&&&&&&& vfLeA vr% gs jkt"ksZ! Okja o`.kh"o] ;fn Roe~ bPNfl rr~ ¼?k½ &&&&&&& dFk;A
e¥~tw"kk& 'kØ%] uìe~] eke~] mikxr%
iz0 22 v/kksnÙkkLkq ikBkUrxZr&dFkklq e¥~tw"kk'kCn&lgk;r;k fjDrLFkkuiwfrZa d`Rok dFkk% iqu% fy[kUrqA
d- vFk ,dnk Hkxoku~ ¼d½ &&&&&&& cgqtUekÆtriq.;QyS% f'kohuka jktk cHkwoA l ckY;kr~ ,o o`)ksilsoh] fou;'khy%] ¼[k½
&&&&&&& p vklhr~A tudY;k.kdeZlq jr% vlkS iq=or~ çtk% iky;fr LeA dk#.;&vkSnk;kZfnln~x.q kksisr% l ¼x½ &&&&&&&
leUrr% èku&èkkU;le`)k% nku'kkyk% vdkj;r~A r= ¼?k½ &&&&&&& lewg% vUu&iku&olu&jtr&lqo.kkZfndkfu vHkh"Vkfu
oLrwfu çkI; ¼³½ &&&&&&& vHkor~A jkK% ¼p½ &&&&&&& vkd.;Z ns'kkUrjsH;ks·fi tuk% ra ns'ke~ vk;kfUr LeA vFk
dnkfpr~ nku'kkyklq fopju~ l jktk cgqèkuykHksu lUrq"Vkuke~ vÆFkuka fojyla[;ka foyksD; ¼N½ &&&&&&& &*ee vÆFku% rq
èkuykHkek=s.k lUrks"ka HktUrsA uwua rs ¼t½ &&&&&&& lkSHkkX;'kkfyu% ;ku~ ;kpdk% 'kjhjL; v³~xkfu vfi ¼>½ &&&&&&&A
,oa jkK% Los"kq xk=s"ofi fujklÇä foKk; ldya ¼¥½ &&&&&&& O;kdqya l¥~tkre~A
e¥~tw"kk & nku'khyrke~] vÆFkuka] czãk.Ma] uxjL;] lUrq"V%] cksfèklÙo%] nkuohjk%] 'kkL=ikj³~xr%] vfpUr;r~] ;kpUrsA
[k- jkfK ,oa fopkj;fr lfr rL; ¼d½ &&&&&&&& ijhf{krqa nsokfèkifr% ¼[k½ &&&&&&&& us=ghu;kpdL; :ia ¼x½ &&&&&&&&
rRiqjr% vonr~&gs jktUk~! Hkor% nkuohjrke~ ¼?k½ &&&&&&&& vk'kkfUor% HkoRlehie~ vkxrks·fLeA nso! fo&'kf'k&rkjk&e.MyHkwf"kra
txr~ ,rr~ dFkfeo i';s;e~ ¼³½ &&&&&&&&A jktk mokp& HkxoUk~! HkoUeuksjFka iwjf;Rok ¼p½ &&&&&&&& vuqx`ghra drqeZ ~
bPNkfeA vkfn';rke~] Çd ¼N½ &&&&&&&&\ foç% mokp & ;fn Hkoku~ çhr%] rnk RoÙk% ,dL; ¼t½ &&&&&&&& nkue~ bPNkfe
;su ee yksd;k=k fuckZèkk ¼>½ &&&&&&&&A rr~ JqRok jktk vfpUr;r~] Þyksds p{kqnkZua nq"djesoA uwue~ Ãn`'ka nkue~ bPNu~ v;a
;kpd% dsukfi çsfjr% L;kRk~! vFkok Hkorq ukeA Çd cgq fpUrusuAÞ bfr fopk;Z jktk vHkk"kr&Hkks fe=! fdesdsu p{kq"kk] vga Hkors
p{kq};Z eso ¼¥½ &&&&&&&& bfrA
e¥~tw"kk & vkd.;Z] nku'khyrka] ç;PNkfe] p{kq"k%] p{kqgÊu%] Hkosr]~ djokf.k] vkRekue~] 'kØ%] èkkjf;Rok
iz0 23 vèkksfyf[krklq iafä"kq LFkwyk{kjinkuke~ çl³~xkuqlkje~ 'kq)e~ vFkZe~ fpuqrA
1- 'kØ% us=ghu;pdL; :ia /kkjf;Rok vkxPNr~A
¼d½ czge~ k ¼[k½ bUnz% ¼x½ 'kqØkpk;Z% ¼?k½ foiz%
2- ee vfFkZu% /kuykHkek=s.k lUrks"ka HktUrsA
¼d½ ;kpdk% ¼[k½ czkg~e.kk% ¼x½ e`r'kjhjkf.k ¼?k½ /kfuu%
3- l% uxjL; leUrr% nku'kkyk% vdkj;r~A
¼d½ ifjr% ¼[k½ lkekU;r% ¼x½ iqjr% ¼?k½ vxs
ikB%&3 je.kh;k fg l`f"V% ,"kkA
iz0 24 vèkksfyf[kra x|ka'ka ifBRok ç'uku~ mÙkjrA
d- ¼LFkkua&ljLrhjEk~! le;%& çHkkrosykA r= jktgal% galh p fogjr%A usiF;s dkdèofu% Jw;rsA½
jktgal%& ^^v;s! fdUuq [kyq ljLrhjs fogjfr ef; dsukfi ddZ'kS% ^dk dk* 'kCnS% okrkoj.ke~ vkdqyhfØ;rs\**
jktgalh& ^^HkrZ%! dkdkr~ vU;% dks HkforqegZfr\ vL; o.kZ% vfi d`".k%] deZ vfi d`".kEk~A esè;e~ vesè;a loZeos Hk{k;frA
d.kZdVq'kCnS%&&&&&**
dkd%& ¼çfo';] lØksèkEk~½ ^^vk% fde~ mäorh Hkorh\ ;fn vga d`".ko.kZ% rfgZ JhjkeL; o.kZ% dhd`'k%\ JhoklqnsoL; o.kZ%
dhn`'k%\ eqXèks! vga rq vrho drZO;ijk;.k%A çHkkrs ^dk dk* èofuuk lqIrku~ çcksèk;kfe deZlq p fofu;kst;kfeA**
98
98
jktgal%& ^ ^gw!a fdeusu\ ,rr~ dk;Za rq dqDdqVks·fi djksfrA**
1 ,dinsu mÙkjrA
d- dkdL; o.kZ% dhn`'k% Hkofr\
[k- izkr% dkd% dhn`'kS% 'kCnS% tuku~ tkxj;fr\
x- ljLrhjs dkS fogjr%\
d- d% dÙkZO;ijk;.k% vfLr\
[k- dkdkr~ vU;% lwIrku~ d% izcks/k;fr\
d- ^vge~* bfRk drZ̀inL; fØ;kina x|ka'ks fda iz;qDre~\
[k- ^djksfr* bfr fØ;k;k% drZ̀ina fde~\
x- ^ddZ'kS%* bfr fo'ks"k.kinL; fo'ks";ina fde~\
?k- ^Øks/ksu lg* ;L; LFkkus fda ina iz;qDre~\
[k- cd%& ¼çfo';] Loi{kkS voèkw;½ dFka eke~ vfi vfèkf{kiflA fda rs egÙoEk~\ o"kZrkSZ rq ekula iyk;lsA vge~ ,o v= o`"Vs% vfHkuUnua
djksfeA dhn`'kh ro eS=h\ vkiRdkys ljkafl R;DRok nwja oztflA oLrqr% vgeso 'khrys tys cgqdkyi;ZUre~ vfopya è;kueXu%
^fLFkrçK* bo fr"BkfeA nqXèkèkoyk es i{kk%A u tkus dFka eke~ vifjx.k;Ur% tuk% fp=o.kZa vfgHkqta e;wja ^^jk"Vª i{kh** bfr
eU;UrsA vgeso ;ksX;%&&&&&
e;wj%& ¼çfo'; lkêgklEk~½ lR;a lR;Ek~A vgeso jk"Vªi{khA dks u tkukfr ro è;kukoLFkkEk~\ ekSua èk`Rok ojkdku~ ehuku~ Nysu vfèkx`g;~ ]
Øwjr;k Hk{k;flA fèkd~ RokEk~! voekfura [kyq loZa if{kdqya Ro;kA
dkd%& js liZHk{kd! urZukr~ vU;r~ fde~ vija tkukfl\
1- ,dinsu mÙkjrA
d- d% o`"Vs% vfHkuUnua djksfr\
[k- vfgHkqt% d% vfLr\
x- dL; i{kk% nqX/k/koyk%\
d- cd% Nysu fda djksfr\
[k- dhn`'ka e;wja tuk% ^jk"æi{kh* bfr eU;Urs\
d- ^tuk%* bfRk drZ̀inL; fØ;kina x|ka'ks fda iz;qDre~\
[k- ^fr"Bkfe* bfr fØ;k;k% drZ̀ina fde~\
x- ^'khrys* bfr fo'ks"k.kinL; fo'ks";ina fde~\
?k- ^vU;r~* ;L; inL; fda Ik;kZ;ina iz;qDre~\
99
99
iz0 25 fuEufyf[kra js[kkf³~drine~ vkèk`R; ç'ufuekZ.ka dq#rA
d- dkd% ,o loZ= lqyHk% orZrsA
[k- ekrj% f'k'kwu~ dFk;fUrA
x- vLekde~ ,sD;a txfr çfl)a orZrsA
?k- vu`ra onfl psr~ dkd% n'ksRk~A
³- vgeso jk"Vªi{kh vfLeA
p- o"kZrkZS rq ekula iyk;lsA
N- tuk% e;wja ^jk"Vªi{kh* eU;UrsA
t- loZ if{kdqye~ Ro;k voekfurEk~A
>- vga o`"Vs% vfHkuUnua djksfeA
iz0 26 vèkksfyf[krklq iafä"kq LFkwyk{kjinkuke~ çl³~xkuqlkje~ 'kq)e~ vFkZe~ fpuqrA
1- usiF;s dkdèofu% Jw;rsA
d- ijks{ks [k- ekxsZ x- izo's k}kjs
2- Hkks Hkks okpky!
d- prqj [k- e`nHq kk"kh x- vfrHkk"kh
3- Nysu ojkdku~ ehuku~ Hk{k;flA
d- {kqnkz u~ [k- n;uh;ku~ x- ohjku~
4- js ijHk`r!
d- vU;S% ikfyr [k- vU;ku~ iky;fr x- lsod%
100
100
Class - X
Assignment
2023-24
Subject : French
Q.1 Qu'est ce que c'est le cancer ?

Cette maladie qui apparaît quand des cellules se troublent, puis se multiplient. Et comme nous
avons des milliards de cellules partout dans le corps, il existe des cancers des os, de la peau, du
sang, de la poitrine etc.
Comment soigne-t-on le cancer?
Il y a plusieurs manières de soigner le cancer, car il y a différents cancers. En plus, la façon de
traiter un cancer dépend aussi de son stade de développement, s'il vient de se déclarer ou s'il est
là depuis longtemps.
Quelles sont les raisons des cancers ?
Un cancer peut développer à cause des facteurs externes (mode de vie, facteurs
environnementaux ou professionnels, infections), ou internes (mutations héréditaires, hormones,
etc.).
Un cancer, ça peut vraiment se guérir ?
Oui, et plus il est découvert tôt, plus il est facile à combattre. Et aujourd'hui, la médecine détecte
les cancers de plus en plus tôt ! Une fois marqué, il y a trois principaux traitements contre un
cancer. D'abord la chirurgie, qui permet d'ôter une tumeur, Ensuite la chimiothérapie, qui utilise
des médicaments pour stopper la multiplication de ces cellules. Et enfin la radiothérapie, qui se
sert de rayons très puissants pour détruire les cellules cancéreuses. Parfois, quand la maladie
est importante, les trois traitements sont nécessaires. Mais, même si, aujourd'hui, le cancer se
guérit de mieux en mieux, il est encore l'une des premières causes de mortalité dans le monde.
Heureusement, les chercheurs n'arrêtent de progresser et certains sont même en train de travailler
sur un vaccin.
85
1. Dans le texte, l'auteur
a. partage des informations sur le cancer.
b. veut effrayer sur cette maladie.
c. demande des suggestions du cancer.
2. Ce texte est
a. Un conte
b. Un texte littéraire
c. Un article
3. D'apres l'auteur le cancer
a. n'est pas guéri.
b. a seulement un traitement
c. a plus de de deux traitements.
Cherchez dans le texte
4. un verbe l'infinitif.
a. découvert b. se guérit c.ôter
5. un pronom
a. puis
b. qui
c. plusieurs
6. un nom
a. quand
b. soigner
c. vaccin
7. Complétez avec les mots du texte
a. Il a enlevé la …….d'orange pour manger
i. peau
ii. os
iii. raison
b. il n'y a pas beaucoup de ………pour la maladie COVID
i. facteurs
ii. traitements
iii. manier
Q.2 Écrivez les verbes au présent de l'indicatif.
1. Je trouve que ça (sentir).............................. le brûlé.
2. Il ne (continuer) .............................. pas.
3. Ils (vivre) .............................. tous dans le même appartement.
86
4. Est-ce que nous (lancer) .............................. bientôt ce projet?
5. Je n'y (croire) .............................. pas.
6. Il se (rendre) .............................. utile.
7. Tu (crier) .............................. beaucoup trop fort.
8. Il ne (tenir) .............................. plus en place.
9. Il (perdre) .............................. toujours tout ce qu'on lui confie.
10. On s'(endormir) .............................. dans la paille.
Q.3 Ecrivez les verbes au passé de l'indicatif.
1 Il me (vendre) .............................. son vélo.
2. Que me (demander) .............................. -tu?
3. Michel (recopier) .............................. son devoir.
4. Je ne (pouvoir) .............................. pas venir ce soir.
5. Elle s'(apercevoir) .............................. de son erreur.
6. Tu te (mettre) .............................. en colère facilement.
7. Le commerçant (fleurir) .............................. son magasin
8. Quand il y a de la poussière, tu (éternuer) .............................. souvent.
9. J'(oublier) .............................. ce que j'ai appris.
10. Quand (parler) .............................. -tu sérieusement?
11. Les usines ne (polluer) .............................. plus autant qu'il y a cinquante ans.
12. Ils (secouer) .............................. la nappe pour enlever les miettes.
13. Pourquoi (courir) .............................. -tu si vite?
14. Est-ce que tu (avouer) .............................. ce que tu as fait?
15. On (apprécier) .............................. beaucoup votre amabilité.
Q.4 Mettez le verbe au futur antérieur et faites l’accord du participe passé.
1. Je t’enverrai les photos(f) que je (prendre) ............................................. pendant le voy-
age.
2. Dans deux heures, nous (cueillir) ............................................ au moins dix kilos de
fraises.
3. Quand ils reviendront, elle (revenir) ............................ sûrement ...........................................
4. J’espère qu’Émilie réussir ........................................................................... cette entrevue.
5. Nous sortirons dès qu’il ouvrir ................................................................................ la porte.
6. Aussitôt que vous obtenir ......................................... votre diplôme, vous pourrez travailler.
7. Pourras-tu me prêter les DVD que tu voir ............................................................................ .
8. Ces gens sont de vieux amis que je ne pas connaître ........................................................ .
9. Elle révisera les documents que nous préparer ................................................................... .
10. Quand je te présenter ......................................................................... Juliette, tu l’aimeras.
11. Nous ferons une fête quand nous déménager .................................................................... .
87
12. Vous pourrez voter aussitôt que vous s’inscrire ................................................................. .
13. Pascal dira la même version que nous dès que je le convaincre ........................................ .
14. Après que vous recevoir ....................................... vos résultats, vous pourrez vous
plaindre.
15. Je vous communiquerai ses coordonnées(f) quand elle me les donner ....................................
Q.5 Ecrivez les verbes au plus-que-parfait de l'indicatif.
J'(être)...................................... très surpris de le rencontrer à cet endroit; il (avoir)
...................................... la même idée que moi. Serge (être) ......................................, cette année-
là, le meilleur joueur d'échecs de sa classe. Il (remporter) ...................................... plusieurs
tournois. J'(bâtir) ...................................... des châteaux en Espagne à l'idée de gagner le gros
lot, mais je n'ai rien gagné du tout. Cinq jours auparavant, le juge (blanchir) ......................................
l'accusé de tout soupçon : il était ressorti libre. Tu (choisir) ...................................... le plus
court chemin pour te rendre au gymnase. Les vagues (démolir) ...................................... le
château de sable construit par les enfants de lacolonie. Ils l'ont rebâti le lendemain. Pendant
des siècles, le vent (fournir) ...................................... l'énergie nécessaire aux moulins. Désormais,
tout était électrique. Quelques jours avant les événements, nous (prendre)
...................................... l'apéritif chez des amis. Ils nous (faire) ...................................... un accueil
chaleureux et amical. Mais hier, nos relations se sont dégradées. Vous (devoir)
...................................... rebrousser chemin car vous étiez perdus
Q.6 COMPLÉTEZ AVEC DES PRONOMS DÉMONSTRATIFS COMPOSÉS / SIMPLE / NEUTRE
a. ........................... ou .......................... qui a utilisé mon téléphone cellulaire a oublié de me
le remettre.
b. J’ai vu les dessins que Sandra a faits, mais je n’ai pas vu ........................... que tu as
faits.
c. ........................... que je déteste, c’est de travailler avec des gens qui ne sont pas
passionnés.
d. Mes amies, ........................ d’entre vous qui veulent m’accompagner au parc, dites-le.
e. Ce peintre a produit cette peinture en vingt minutes, ................... qui est très impressionnant.
f. Je ne peux pas croire .................... que tu viens de me dire.
g. Manger et dormir, c’est sûrement .................... qui te ferait du bien.
h. Je pénaliserai toutes ........................ qui ne seront pas arrivées à l’heure.
i. Les garçons ! ........................ d’entre vous qui parleront français seront récompensés.
j. ............... qui étaient assises dans le coin de la classe parlaient et ricanaient sans écouter
le professeur.
k. Ces fleurs sont magnifiques ! ....................... que je préfère sont les marguerites et les
roses.
l. ......................... ou .......................... qu’on aime occupent toujours une place spéciale
dans notre cœur.
m. C’est tout ...................... qu’il m’a dit : «Venez ici et assoyez-vous.»
n. Voulez-vous m’expliquer ................... qui s’est passé pendant mon absence s’il vous
plaît.
o. Martin a mangé des fruits de mer, .................... qui l’a rendu malade.
p. .................... qui ont contribué à l’action bénévole, seront remerciées de leur bon geste.
88
Q.7 COMPLÉTEZ AVEC DES PRONOMS DÉMONSTRATIFS COMPOSÉS
a. Je voudrais essayer une autre robe, ____________ ne me va pas.
b. Tu dois demander au médecin d’autres comprimés, _____________ te donnent des maux
de tête.
c. Regarde cette vieille photo : _______________ est mon père et ____________ mon oncle.
d. Change de parfum, _______________ ne sent pas bien.
e. Je prends cette place, toi, tu, peux prendre _______________.
f. Tu veux vraiment acheter ce manteau ? Moi, je choisirais __________________.
g. Tu me lis d’abord cette histoire et après _____________________.
Q.8 Complétez les tirets avec les adjectifs ou les pronoms démonstratifs (ce, cet, cette,
ces, celui, celle, ceci, cela, etc.):
a. Tu as vu __________ ordinateur. Moi, je préfère _________.
b. _________ qui veulent aller au cinéma, levez le doigt!
c. _________ est une belle chemise!
d. Regarde ________ écharpes et choisis __________ que tu désires.
e. C'est ton téléphone, pas _________ de Marc.
f. II pense seulement à ses difficultés, pas à ___________ des autres.
g. Écoute bien ____________: j'ai eu une bourse pour étudier en France!
h. N'écoute pas ____________ cassette, écoute ____________.
i. Ne prends pas ___________ avion, prends ____________.
j. J'aime bien ___________ peinture, pas ___________.
Q.9 Remplacez les mots par le, la, les.
a. Mélisa nous vend ses pneus. _____________________________
b. On nous livre la table demain. _____________________________
c. Elle va me prêter son ordinateur. _____________________________
d. Elles s’échangent leurs notes de cours. _____________________________
e. Vous arrosez la plante verte. _____________________________
Q.10 Remplacez le complément par un pronom direct.
a. Il connaît Jean depuis des décennies. _____________________________
b. Mes parents invitent les voisins chaque semaine. _____________________________
c. Elle fait les devoirs le soir. _____________________________
d. Nous laissons le chien à l’extérieur. _____________________________
e. Tu prends l’autobus tous les jours. _____________________________
f. Nous connaissons bien cette jeune fille. _____________________________
g. Vous achetez les fruits et les légumes à l’épicerie. _____________________________
h. Julie emmène sa nièce au parc. _____________________________
89
i. Le camelot distribue le journal chaque matin. _____________________________
j. Elle écoute toujours cette chanson. _____________________________
Q.11 Remplacez les noms en utilisant les pronoms.
a. Tu téléphones à Émilie tous les soirs.
b. Elle parle à Rémi chaque matin.
c. Vous écrivez souvent à vos amis.
d. Nous souhaitons «Bonne Fête» à Sylvie.
e. Tu demandes l’information à Paul.
f. Il ressemble à son père.
g. Nous empruntons les notes à Lucie et Louis.
h. Ce film plaît aux étudiants.
i. Elle emprunte un crayon au professeur.
j. Ils nous prêtent leurs livres.
Q.12 Remplacez les noms en utilisant le pronom EN.
a. Vous avez acheté un cadeau pour Claude.
b. As-tu apporté des enveloppes?
c. As-tu écrit un courriel pour informer les employés?
d. Vous avez cultivé des fleurs cet été.
e. Tu as pris un déjeuner ce matin.
Q.13 Remplacez les mons en utilisant le pronom Y.
a. Tu vas à la cafétéria.
b. Allons-nous à la campagne ?
c. Tu es allé chez l’optométriste.
d. Jean est dans la classe.
e. Penses-tu souvent à ton ancien amoureux ?
Q.14 Remplacez les moms en utilisant le pronom EN ou le pronom Y.
a. Tu veux des cacahouètes.
b. Vas-tu acheter de la bière ?
c. Vous participez à la compétition.
d. Les bijoux sont dans la boîte.
e. Vous êtes montés sur la montagne.
Q.15 Remplacez les noms soulignés avec les pronoms COD, COI, y, en, pronoms toniques,
pronoms sujets:
1. La dame dort.
2. J'irai au théâtre.
3. Prêtez-moi vos cassettes, s'il vous plait!
4. Nous ne complèterons pas nos devoirs.
90
5. Je trouve de vieux livres dans la bibliothèque.
6. Marie et son père visiteront les grands-monuments.
7. Mon ordinateur ne marche pas.
8. Elle a raconté I'histoire aux enfants.
9. Pour avoir un boulot on doit aller à l'ANPE.
10. ll conduira son fils chez le médecin.
11. Je vais acheter un paquet de pastilles chez le pharmacien.
12. Est-ce que Nathalie montre les photos à ses camarades?
13. L'employé a indiqué les règles à M. Renaud.
14. La fille coquette danse avec son bel ami.
15. Va-t-il envoyer un courriel à ses collègues?
16. J'ai acheté deux disques pour mon frère.
91
Class - X
Assignment 2023-24
Subject : German
I. Lies den Text und beantworte.
Dann schalte ich ihn einfach aus..."
Emmas Hund heißt Akron. Wenn Emma von der Schule nach Hause kommt, sitzt er neben
ihrem Bett und wartet auf sie. Wenn Emma ihn ruft kommt er und begrüßt sie fröhlich. Mit
seinen großen braunen Augen und seinen langen Ohren sieht er wirklich süß aus: Das
ideale Haustier für ein 7-jähriges Mädchen. Manchmal ist Emma müde. Akron will aber
trotzdem mit ihr spielen oder gefüttert werden. Für Emma ist das kein Problem. Sie schaltet
Akron dann einfach aus. Das ist möglich, denn Emmas Hund ist ein elektronisches
Spielzeug. Emma wollte so gern einen richtigen Hund haben, doch ihre Eltern waren
dagegen. Wir haben nur eine kleine Wohnung, und wir haben niemanden, der auf deinen
Hund aufpassen kann, war ihre Antwort. In einem Geschäft für elektronisches Spielzeug
haben sie dann Akron gesehen: Ein Hund, der süß aussieht und der mehr als 100
verschiedene Dinge run kann. Ein perfektes Geschenk für Emma! Vielleicht wünscht sich
Emma trotzdem sehr bald wieder einen richtigen Hund, Elektronisches Spielzeug ist für
Kinder oft nur eine kurze Zeit lang attraktiv.
In den neunziger Jahren fanden viele Jugendliche zum Beispiel Tamagotchis toll. Ein
Tamagotchis ist ein kleines elektronisches Huhn, das mit seinem Besitzer kommunizieren
kann. Es kann seinem Besitzer sagen, wann es hungrig ist, wann es müde ist, ob es
schaffen will, ob es traurig ist usw. Sein Besitzer muss dann richtig reagieren, sonst stirbt
das Tamagotchis. Die Firma, die die kleinen Tamagotchis produziert hat, hat in wenigen
Jahren mehr als 40 Millionen Stück verkauft. Doch bald war das Spielzeug nicht mehr
interessant für die Jugendlichen und die Spielzeugfirmen mussten neues Spielzeug
erfinden
Für das Handy kannst du dir heute zum Beispiel elektronische Freunde kaufen. Jungen
und Mädchen müssen so nicht mehr zu Hause auf eine SMS ihrer wirklichen Freunde
warten. Sie bekommen jeden Tag Nachrichten von ihrem elektronischen Freund in ihrem
Handy. Der will wissen, wie man sich fühlt, was man gemacht hat, ob man Lust auf Kino
hat usw. Die elektronischen Freunde leben ihr eigenes Leben in deinem Handy, dass sich
aber ändert, wenn du die Spielregeln änderst. Und wenn dich dein elektronischer Freund
nervt, dann schaltest du das Handy einfach aus.
(Textquelle: Ideen 2 Arbeitsbuch, Hueber Verlag)
A. Was stimmt?
1. Emma wünscht sich einen richtigen Hund.
2. Emmas Eltern haben Akron gekauft, weil er ein praktisches Haustier" ist.
3. Kinder spielen lange und gerne mit elektronischem Spielzeug.
85
4. Tamagotchis können sterben, wenn der Besitzer etwas falsch macht.
5. Die elektronischen Freunde im Handy muss man jeden Tag anrufen.
B. Beantworte die Fragen.

1. Wer ist Akron?
2. Warum wollten die Eltern Emma keinen Hund kaufen?
3. Was war Tamagotchis? Was konnte es tun?
4. Warum musste sein Besitzer richtig reagieren?
5. Welches Spielzeug kann man jetzt für ein Handy kaufen?
6. Wo leben elektronische Freunde? Was machen sie?
II. Lies den Text und beantworte.

Hat der Computer Ihr Leben verändert?"
Ohne ihn sind wir verloren!" sagt die Lektorin Anna Maluki. Der Computer hat in den
letzten Jahren nicht nur ihren Alltag erobert. Aber wie war es früher?
Anna Maluki erinnert sich: Wenn heute der Computer abstürzt, ist das Arbeiten nicht mehr
möglich. Das war früher anders. Wir haben Briefe geschrieben und zum Recherchieren
telefoniert, oder wir sind in die Bibliothek gegangen. Wenn ich meinen Kollegen etwas
mitteilen oder Besprechungen organisieren wollte, musste ich ein Memo" schreiben. Diese
Nachrichten hat dann ein Bote im Haus verteilt. Auch unsere Fotos habe ich per Post bei
den Agenturen bestellt. Nach zwei Tagen habe ich einen dicken Umschlag mit vielen
Bildern bekommen. Das war immer sehr spannend. Die Bilder haben wir zusammen
ausgesucht. Seit es das Internet gibt, machen wir alles am Computer. Das geht viel
schneller. Aber oft fehlt das gemeinsame Gespräch. Man kann fast alles per E-Mail
organisieren und findet fast jede Information im Netz. Aber ich frage mich, ob wirklich jede
E-Mail so wichtig ist? Täglich kommen mehr...
Ich habe auch privat einen Internetzugang. Aber den nutze ich nicht so oft. Nur zum
Buchen von Reisen oder wenn ich wissen will, was im Kino läuft. Ich sitze den ganzen Tag
am PC, da will ich abends nicht mehr ins Internet. Das ist bei meinen Kindern ganz
anders...
(Textquelle: ja genaul Band 2, Kursbuch-Cornel)
A. Was passt zusammen?
1. Ohne Computer a. Computer das Leben geändert.
2. In den letzten 20 Jahren haben b. Briefe und Bilder per Post zu

bekommen.
3. Früher hat man c. das Internet privat nicht sehr

oft.
86
4. Es war spannend, d. können wir fast nichts mehr
machen.
5. Internet macht alles zwar schneller, e. fast alles per E-Mail

organisieren.
6. Man kann f. aber es fehlt der persönliche

Kontakt
7. Anna benutzt g. telefoniert und Briefe

geschrieben
B. Beantworte die Fragen.
1. Wie war es früher, wenn man keinen Computer hatte?
2. Was sind die Vorteile von dem Computer?
3. Welchen Nachteil gibt es, wenn man mit dem Computer arbeitet?
4. Wofür benutzt Anna das Internet?
III. Ergänzen die Präteritum.
Hilfsverb: sein
1. ____________du schon mal in Deutschland?
2. Früher___________hier ein Hotel.
3. Letzte Woche_________ich verreist.
4. Gestern__________Montag.
5. Früher _________die Müllers arm
6. 2008___________Adil 12 Jahre alt.
7. __________du gestern nicht zu Hause?
8. Früher _________ihr sehr frech. Jetzt seid ihr brav.
9. wo_________Sie am letzten Sonntag?
10. Im Jahr 2008____________wir zum ersten Mal in Deutschland.
87
Hilfsverb: haben
1. Tina _________ du gestern frei?
2. Gestern____________Nina Kopfschmerzen.
3. Simon___________letzte Woche kein Geld mehr. Deshalb arbeitet er jetzt im

Supermarket.
4. Früher __________wir einen Hund. Jetzt haben wir drei.
5. Letztes Jahr____________ich 20 Taschen. Jetzt habe ich nur noch fünf.
6. Früher_____________ihr doch einen Papagei. Habt ihr jetzt keinen mehr?
7. Letzte Woche____________du ein Auto und jetzt gehst du zu Fuß.
8. Gestern ____________Familie Schmidt einen Autounfall.
9. Früher____________Sie viel Zeit aber kein Geld. Jetzt haben Sie viel Geld aber
keine Zeit.
10. Ah! gestern Abend_____________ du ein neues Hemd an.
IV. Ergänze die Verben,,haben" oder,,sein" im Präteritum.
1. Wo__________du so lange? Wir___________einen Vortrag.
2. Die meisten Studenten___________nicht im Klassenzimmer.
3. Am Vormittag____________wir Vorlesungen.
4. Unsere Lehrerin ______________sehr freundlich.
5. Ich gestern keine Lust, ___________Hausaufgaben zu machen.
6. Wann __________ihr die Prüfung? Vor drei Wochen?
7. Vor einer Woche__________Claudia bei mir.
8. Wir __________vorgestern im Kino.
V. Ergänze die Sätze mit Modalverben im Präteritum.
1. Meine Mutter ____________in der Schule immer viel Hausaufgabe machen.
2. Mein Vater ___________ schon als Student arbeiten und Geld verdienen.
3. Mein Bruder ____________schon mit 15 alleine reisen, aber ich nicht.
4. Meine Oma__________ Schauspielerin werden, aber sie___________ jung heiraten.

88
5. Als Kind __________ich immer Hindi Filme sehen, aber jetzt kann ich sie nicht mehr
ertragen.
6. Mein Sohn_______________gut lesen und schreiben, als er 6 war.
7. Wir __________ nicht ins Konzert gehen, weil alle Karten ausverkauft waren.
8. Ich _____________nicht. dich gestern nicht anrufen, weil mein Telefon kaputt war.
9. Wir________in den Urlaub mit dem Bus fahren, aber_________ nicht, weil wir die
Fahrkarten nicht zeitlich besorgen__________.
10. Gestern ____________Mia uns besuchen, aber sie__________ nicht, weil sie auf
ihre jüngere Schwester aufpassen__________.
11. Martina _____________schon gut schwimmen, als sie 12 war.
12. Das Wetter war gestern schön. Ich _________spazieren gehen.
13. Tim__________gestern früh nach Hause gehen. Seine Eltern hatten es gesagt.
14. Leider ____________ ich am Wochenende arbeiten.
15. Die Kinder __________früher auf der Straße spielen, aber jetzt ist es gefährlich.
16. Die Kinder __________am abends nicht allein weggehen.
17. Ich___________um 19 Uhr zu Hause sein, um meine Lieblingssendung zu sehen.
18. In Deutschland __________ich jeden Tag viel zu Fuß gehen, denn ich hatte kein
Fahrrad.
19. Ich ___________ letztes Wochenende dein Zimmer aufräumen. Meine Mutter war
sauer.
20. Manuela___________nicht nach Italien, weil sie kein Visum bekommen hat.
VI. Präteritum.
1. Gestern __________ ich schnell nach Hause. (laufen)

2. Ich ___________ lange in der Schule . (bleiben)
3. Meine Freunde ______________ um 10 Uhr. (kommen)
4. Die Kinder _______________im Zimmer. (spielen)
5. Petra ________ um sieben Uhr zur Schule. (gehen)
6. Ich ________ ein Glas aus der Küche. (holen)
7. Mutter__________ die Kinder. (rufen)
8. ____________ du lange? (schlafen)
9. Hans _________ gestern bei uns. (sein)
89
10. Wir ___________ nicht viel Zeit. (haben)
11. Sie ___________ sehr gut. (kochen)
12. Eva _________ in Englisch. (singen)
13. Sie ____________ über mich. (sprechen)
14. Peter ____________ ein Stück Torte. (nehmen)
15. Frau Meier __________ in Augsburg. (wohnen)
16. Simone __________ 20 Jahre alt. (werden)
17. __________ du gestern lange? (bleiben)
18. Er _______________ sie nicht. (verstehen)
19. Silke _________ ihrer Oma. (helfen)
20. Ich ____________ diesen Text. (lesen)
21. _________ du das? (wissen)
22. Ich _______ noch nie seine Schwester. (sehen)
23. Max ______ das Spiel (verlieren)
24. Sie ____________ das Mittagessen. (machen)
25. Monika _______ die Treppe runter. (fallen)
26. Er __________ in der Reihe. (stehen)
27. Wir _____________ den Lehrer. (fragen)
28. Ulrike ____________ ihn. (kennen)
29. Die Kinder _____________ im Garten (spielen)
30. Martin_____________ viel Post. (bekommen)
VII. Ergänzen Sie die Adjektive in Klammern in der richtigen Form (Komparativ oder
Superlativ).
1. Die ___________ (schön) Blume ist meiner Ansicht nach die Rose.
2. Die erste Aufgabe war sehr ___________ (einfach), die zweite aber war etwas
___________ (schwierig).
3. Familie Meyer hat zwei Söhne. Frank ist ___________ (jung) als Markus.
4. Dieses Wochenende wird das Wetter nicht so _________ (gut) sein. Ab Montag
haben wir aber __________ (gut) Wetter.
5. Was? Du hast die rote Tasche gekauft? Das war doch die _________ (teuer) von
allen!
6. Trinkst du _________ (gern) Kaffee? -Ja, aber Tee trinke ich noch _________ (gern).
7. Der Athlet aus Japan ist ___ _________ (hoch) gesprungen.
90
8. Herr Krumm arbeitet sehr __________ (viel). Er wünscht sich, er könnte etwas
__________ (viel) Zeit mit seinen Kindern verbringen.
9. Die Orangen aus unserem Garten sind viel __________ (süß) als die vom
Supermarkt.
10. Mama, ich friere! Meine alte Jacke ist nicht so __________ (warm), ich brauche auf
jeden Fall eine _________ (warm).
11. Dieses Haus ist zwar __________ (groß), aber auch __________ (teuer) als das
Haus gegen über.
12. Welchen Film fandst du __________ (interessant), den Krimi oder den Thriller?
13. Bananen schmecken mir viel __________ (gut) als Pfirsiche. ___ __________ (gern)
mag ich jedoch Erdbeeren.
14. Diesen Winter hatten wir sehr niedrige Temperaturen. Es war der __________ (kalt)
Winter der letzten 20 Jahre.
15. Opa ist sehr _________ (schwach), viel __________ (schwach) als vor einem Monat.
16. Livia trinkt l________Kaffee als Tee, aber ____ trinkt sie Kakao. (gern)
17. Im Frühling ist es ___________ als im Herbst, aber ___________________ ist es

natürlich im Sommer. (heiß)
18. Susanne ist ___________ als ihre Schwester, aber Sarah ist ____________. (klein)
19. Der neue Fall von Hercule Poirot ist viel ______________ als die anderen.
(spannend)
20. Äpfel schmecken________, aber Bananen schmecken ___________, und Ananas

schmecken am _______________. (süß)
VIII. Ergänze Komparativ oder Superlativ Formen von den Adjektiven.
bequem, bekannt, viel, gut, schnell, hoch, teuer, groß
1. Tom Hanks ist 219 cm groß. Er ist der ___________ lebende Amerikaner
2. Lufthansa ist die___________Fluglinie Deutschlands.
3. Das neue Bett ist viel als_____________ das alte.
4. Chetan Bhagat ist der____________indische Schriftsteller heutzutage.
5. Schreib doch eine E-Mail. Das geht doch viel ____________!
6. Meinst du, dass Audi ____________ als Mercedes ist?
91
7. Ein Chef verdient__________als eine Sekretärin, aber___________verdient der
Direktor.
8. Das Matterhorn ist ____________als die Zugspitze, aber der Montblanc ist,
IX. Ergänze Komparativ oder Superlativ Formen von den Adjektiven.
dunkel-bekannt-groß- lustig - schön - kalt - schwer - gut-klein-weit
1. Von allen Jungen in seiner Klasse ist Jörg am_______________.
2. Spanisch ist als Deutsch, aber Chinesisch ist am____________.
3. Robert Wadlow aus Amerika ist 272 cm. groß. Er ist der __________Mann der Welt.
4. Ludwig van Beethoven aus Bonn ist der___________Komponist von Deutschland.
5. Dein T-Shirt ist viel __________als meins.
6. In Deutschland ist es __________als in Italien.
7. Deine alte Frisur gefiel mir ___________als die neue.
8. Mein Stein flog genauso ___________wie deiner.
9. Nachts ist es hier im Wald noch ____________als jetzt.
10. Das ist der ______________Film aller Zeiten. Ich habe so viel gelacht!
92

Ut 03-06

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ut 03-06

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL

A. (a) - (ii) , (b) - (i) , (c) - (iii)

Q1. Which of the following are definitely similar to each other?

Q3. Shown below is a rectangle PQRS. ∠UTQ is a right angle.

Which of these is true about ∆USTand∆TRQ?

a. 1:1 b. (√2 − 1)∶ √2

Q5 In the given figure, if ABCD is a trapezium in which ∥ ∥ , then =

Q14. In the given figure ΔABC ~ ΔPQR, find y+z

Q15. In the given figure, if AB || DC, find the value of x.

i. Find the length of the path taken by the ant.

Annie said, “It is possible to find length of the lake, PQ.”

What is the length of PE?

Q20. In the given figure, QR = 4cm, RP = 8cm and ST = 6 cm.

If the perimeter of ∆ STU is 27cm, find the length of PQ

Q25. In the given figure ABCD is a parallelogram. BE bisects CD at M and intersects AC at L.

i. Prove that ∆ ZWY ~∆ ZYX

i. What is the height of the tower?

Which of the two representations of median could be correct?

Which of the following is the modal class?

Which of the following is the value of x?

Q7. The mean of first n natural number is

Q12. Find the average of first ten prime numbers.

Q13. If ui = ,∑ = 20 and ∑ =100 then find ̅.

Q14. If ui=xi–900, ∑ = –400 and ∑ =100 then find ̅.

Q17. For the following distribution, find the modal class.

Find the mean number of days a student was absent.

Height(in cms) : 160-162 163-165 166-168 169-171 172-174

Q24. Find the mean marks for the following data:

Marks No. of Students

Marks No. of Students

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

Then he wrote the following relationship:

i. OQ and OR are at an angle of 90°

Q5. In the given figure, AB = BC = 10cm. if AC = 7cm, then the length of BP is :

What is the measure of ∠QRS.

Find the measure of ∠OBC.

1. In the given figure find ∠ROQ

2. Find the measure of ∠ORP

17. What is the cause for the above phenomenon .

Section D (Achiever's Questions)

• What is the usual range of pH in your mouth? Is it acidic or basic?

acidic neutral basic

Pure Water 7.0

6. Among these liquids which is the most acidic-

Options Parent Acid Parent base

a. What is the mechanism of hormone action known as?

6. Name the part of the brain involved in the following activities:

a. Salivation. b. Holding a pencil.

7. Name the following -

i. Part of nervous system from where the spinal cord originates.

ii. Movement of shoot towards light.

iii. Plant hormone which inhibits growth of plant

iv. Iodine is necessary for the synthesis of this hormone.

vi. Movement of Sunflower towards light.

ix. Human hormone that increases the fertility in males.

x. A paired endocrine gland found both in human males and females.

a. What hormone facilitated the ripening of tomatoes?

b. Why did the tomatoes in the paper bag ripen faster?

a. Name the glands P and Q and the hormone R and S.

b. State the exocrine functions of the two glands.

i. Name ONE plant hormone that controls directional growth.

a. Name the gland Y, hormone H and element X.