Discussion

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to

an area of lower concentration until they are evenly distributed.In this
experiment, diffusion between the gases ammonia and hydrochloric acid was
studied.Ammonia is a colorless poisonous gas with a familiar noxious odor.It
is also a base because it is a proton acceptor in water solution while making
NH4+.Hydrochloric acid on the other hand is a colourless solution with a
distinctive pungent smell.It produces hydrogen gas.

As the two gases moved the ammonia changed the colour of the litmus paper from
blue to red.Hydrochloric acid changed the colour of the litmus paper from red to
blue.In the movement of the two gases, the ammonia went from an area of lower
concentration to an area of higher concentration and the hydrochloric acid went from
an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.To prove that the
gases reacted, the hydrochloric acid and the ammonia gas diffuse along the tube from
either end because the particles are constantly randomly moving.This is a
neutralization reaction.The equation is NH3(g) + HCl(g) → NH4Cl(s).

Lastly,the ring usually forms nearer to the hydrochloric acid end of the tube
because hydrochloric acid diffuses more slowly than ammonia.

Reflection
When you fill a helium balloon and then let it sit for a while, you'll notice that it
starts to deflate over time. This is due to diffusion. Helium gas particles are
smaller and lighter than the air molecules around them. As a result, helium
molecules slowly diffuse through the tiny pores in the balloon material and
escape into the surrounding air, where there's a lower concentration of helium.
This causes the balloon to lose its buoyancy and gradually deflate.