DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Chapter 5: MSI Logic

5.1 Multiplexers, multiplexer expansion, 74x153 and 74x151 devices.
5.2 Demultiplexer and decoders, decoder expansion, 74x138 and 74x139
devices.
5.3 Encoder, priority encoder, 74x147 device.
5.4 BCD-to-7-segment decoder, 74x247 device.
5.5 Implementation of logic functions using multiplexers and decoders.
5.6 Adders: half-adder, full adder, ripple adder,74x83 device.
5.7 Comparators, 74x85 devices

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 MSI Logic
Medium Scale Integration (MSI) logic
Integrated circuits that have 10 to 100 gates in a chip
Includes logic functions such as encoders, decoders, registers, multiplexer,
arithmetic circuits and small memories

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 Multiplexer
MUX act as data selector in selecting which input is going to be the output
DATA SELECT is used to determine which of the DATA INPUTS to be transmitted to DATA OUTPUT
MUX with N data select can select up to 2N data input.

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

Multiplexer

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 Multiplexer
74LS153
Dual 4 input data selector/multiplexer
2 data from 2 different set of input
data can be selected at the same
time.

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 Multiplexer
74LS151
8 input data selector/multiplexer with
two outputs (complementing)

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 Multiplexer
Multiplexer expansion
A higher number of input
multiplexer can be developed by
combining multiple multiplexer
through simple connection

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 Demultiplexer
DEMUX reverses the MUX function.
Also known as data distributor.
Take digital information from DATA IN, and
the distribute to one of the DATA OUTPUT
lines which is determined by DATA SELECT.

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

Demultiplexer
74LS138 – 1 input 8 output multiplexer

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Demultiplexer
74LS139 – Dual 1 input 4 output multiplexer

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

Demultiplexer
Demultiplexer Expansion

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 Encoder
Encoder change an input into a code.
It accepts one input at one of its input terminals (representing decimal/octal/hexadecimal)
and then produce a code (BCD or Binary) at its output terminals
This process is called encoding
Encoder can even encode symbols and alphanumeric characters.

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

Encoder
Decimal to BCD encoder

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 Encoder
Priority encoder
A priority encoder produces output corresponding to the highest-order decimal
digit input that is active and will ignore any other lower-order active inputs

74HC147 is a priority encoder with

active LOW inputs for decimal 1 to 9
and active LOW outputs for BCD

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 Decoder
Decoder accepts a code and then change it into its decimal form similar to Demux

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 Decoder
74HC247 is a BCD to 7-segment decoder with active high input (BCD) and active low output
(7 segment)

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 Adder
Half adder adds two binary input and produce sum and carry.

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 Adder
Full adder adds two binary with the carry, it will produce the sum and carry.

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 Adder
Ripple carry adder is where the carry output of a full adder is fed as carry input of another
adder.

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 Adder
74HC283 is a four bit parallel adder AAAA+BBBB

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 Comparator
Comparator compares two sets of input codes weather they are similar, greater than or
less than.

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

 Comparator
74HC85 is a 4 bit comparator with cascading inputs.
It can be used as 8 bit comparator

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)

Comparator
8 bit comparator using 74HC85

(STB24403 Digital Electronics)