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Write your Name, Enrolment Number, Study Centre Name and Subject on the top of the first page of the
answer sheet
Answer-
In roster form:
Answer-
B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
This set includes all natural numbers less than 6, specifically 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Or
Answer-
1
cot R =
tan R
5
. Substitute this value:
1 5
1 5
cot R = =
12
12
5
5 5
tan P – cot R = –
12 12
0
tan P – cot R =
12
tan P – cot R = 0
Answer–
4 4 2
L.H.S. = (sin θ– cos θ + 1)\cosec θ
2 2 2 2 2
= [(sin θ– cos θ)(sin θ + cos θ) + 1]\cosec θ
2 2 2 2 2
= (sin θ– cos θ + 1)\cosec θ [Because sin θ + cos θ = 1
2 2 2 2
= 2 sin θ\cosec θ [Because 1– cos θ = sin θ
= 2
RHS = 2
L.H.S. = RHS
(a) Find the 28th term from the end of the AP 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, ..…, 102.
Answer–
d = a n –a n−1
d = 9–6 = 3
Now, use the formula to find the nth term (a n ) of an arithmetic progression:
a n = a + (n − 1)d
a 28 = 6 + (28 − 1) × 3
a 28 = 6 + 27 × 3
a 28 = 6 + 81
87
a 28 = 87
Therefore, the 28th term from the end of the arithmetic progression 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, … , 102 is 87.
Answer–
The first 3-digit number divisible by 7 is 105, and the last 3-digit number divisible by 7 is 999. To find how many 3-
digit numbers are divisible by 7, we can use the formula for finding the number of integers in an arithmetic sequence.
In this case:
999–105
Number of terms = + 1
7
894
Number of terms = + 1
7
OR
(a) The sum of some terms of a GP is 315. Its first term is 5 and the common ratio is 2. Find the number of its
terms and the last term.
Answer–
The formula for the sum (S n ) of the first n terms of a geometric progression (GP) is given by:
n
a ⋅ (r –1)
Sn =
r–1
where:
– a is the first term,
– r is the common ratio,
– n is the number of terms.
Given that S n ,
= 315 a = 5 , and r = 2 , we can substitute these values into the formula and solve for n:
n
5 ⋅ (2 –1)
315 =
2–1
n
315 = 5 ⋅ (2 –1)
n
63 = 2 –1
Add 1 to both sides:
n
64 = 2
n = log 2 (64)
n = 6
To find the last term (L), we can use the formula for the nth term in a GP:
(n−1)
L = a ⋅ r
(6−1)
L = 5 ⋅ 2
5
L = 5 ⋅ 2
L = 5 ⋅ 32
L = 160
(b) Find the common ratio of a GP whose sum of infinite terms is 8 and its second term is 2.
Answer–
a
S∞ =
1–r
where:
– a is the first term,
– r is the common ratio.
a
8 =
1–r
Now, we are also given that the second term (a 2 ) is 2. The second term of a geometric progression is given by:
a2 = a ⋅ r
In this case:
2 = a ⋅ r
a
8 =
1–r
2 = a ⋅ r
To simplify, cross-multiply:
Therefore,
z1
z2
= √ 34 .
z1
z2
= −3 + 5i .
∣
Let’s solve this system. First, rearrange the second equation to express a in terms of r:
Answer–
Given z 1
To find
z1
z2
= 2 + 8i and z 2
z1
z2
z1
z2
=
z2
a =
8 =
8(1–r) = 2r
8–8r = 2r
10r = 8
r =
2 + 8i
1–i
2
1–r
z1
z2
= √ (−3) 2 + (5) 2
z1
z1
z2
= √ 9 + 25
= √ 34
×
4
.
.
1 + i
1 + i
b) Suppose z = (2 – i)2 + [(7 – 4i)/(2 + i)] – 8, express z in the form of x + iy such that x and y are real numbers.
z = 2(2–i) +
(
7–4i
2 + i
)(
–8
)
(7–4i)(2–i)
z = 4–2i + –8
5
2
14–15i–8i + 4i
z = 4–2i + –8
5
18–23i
z = 4–2i + –8
5
18 23i
z = 4–2i + – –8
5 5
14 33i
z = –
5 5
14 33i 14 33
Therefore, z =
5
–
5
in the form x + iy where x =
5
and y = −
5
.
OR
Answer–
2
x + x–28 < 2
2
x + x–28–2 < 0
2
x + x–30 < 0
(x–5)(x + 6) < 0
Now, identify the intervals where this expression is negative. The critical points are where x–5 = 0 (i.e., x = 5 ) and
x + 6 = 0 (i.e., x = −6 ).
Now, test a value in each interval to determine the sign of the expression:
– For x :
= −7 (−∞, −6) ⟹ (−7–5)(−7 + 6) < 0 ⟹ 12 > 0 , which is true.
– For x :
= 0 (−6, 5) ⟹ (0–5)(0 + 6) < 0 ⟹ −30 < 0 , which is true.
– For x :
= 6 (5, ∞) ⟹ (6–5)(6 + 6) < 0 ⟹ 66 > 0 , which is true.
Since the inequality is satisfied in the intervals (−6, 5), the solution to x 2 + x–28 < 2 is x ∈ (−6, 5) .
a) In how many of the distinct permutations of the letters in MISSISSIPPI do the four I’s not come together?
Answer
The word MISSISSIPPI consists of one M, four I’s, four S’s, two P’s, and a total of 11 letters.
To determine the total number of possible arrangements with these letters, consider the permutations of all the
letters, which is expressed as 11!
1!⋅4!⋅4!⋅2!
.
Now, focus on the case when all the I’s are grouped together. This forms one M, one unit of four I’s, four S’s, two P’s,
resulting in a total of 8 units. The number of arrangements in this case is given by 8!
1!⋅4!⋅4!⋅2!
.
Therefore, the distinct permutations of the letters of the word MISSISSIPPI when the four I’s do not come together is
found by subtracting the arrangements when I’s are together from the total arrangements:
11!
1!⋅4!⋅4!⋅2!
–
8!
1!⋅4!⋅4!⋅2!
= 34650–840 = 33810 .
b) How many 5-digit telephone numbers can be constructed using the digits 0 to 9, if each number starts
with 67 and no digit appears more than once?
Answer–
To determine the number of 5-digit telephone numbers that can be constructed using the digits 0 to 9, with the
condition that each number starts with 67 and no digit appears more than once, we can use the permutation formula.
The formula for permutations of r distinct items taken from a set of n distinct items is given by:
n!
P (n, r) =
(n − r)!
In this case, since each number starts with 67, we have already used two digits. Therefore, we need to choose 3
more digits from the remaining 8 digits (0 to 9 excluding 6 and 7) to form a 5-digit number.
8!
P (8, 3) =
(8 − 3)!
8!
P (8, 3) =
5!
8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
P (8, 3) =
5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
P (8, 3) = 8 × 7 × 6
P (8, 3) = 336
Therefore, there are 336 different 5-digit telephone numbers that can be constructed using the digits 0 to 9, with each
number starting with 67 and no digit appearing more than once.
OR
a) A committee of 3 persons is to be constituted from a group of 2 men and 3 women. In how many ways can
this be done? How many of these committees would consist of 1 man and 2 women?
Answer–
The number of ways to form a committee of 3 persons from a group of 2 men and 3 women is given by the
combination formula:
!
n!
C(n, r) =
r!(n − r)!
where n is the total number of people, r is the number of people to be selected, and ! denotes factorial.
5!
C(5, 3) =
3!(5 − 3)!
5!
C(5, 3) =
3! ⋅ 2!
5 ⋅ 4
C(5, 3) =
2
C(5, 3) = 10
So, there are 10 ways to form a committee of 3 persons from the group. Forming a Committee with 1 Man and 2
Women:
To form a committee with 1 man and 2 women, we choose 1 man out of 2 and 2 women out of 3:
2! 3!
C(2, 1) × C(3, 2) = ×
1!(2 − 1)! 2!(3 − 2)!
3!
C(2, 1) × C(3, 2) = 2 ×
2! ⋅ 1!
3 ⋅ 2
C(2, 1) × C(3, 2) = 2 ×
2
C(2, 1) × C(3, 2) = 2 × 3
C(2, 1) × C(3, 2) = 6
So, there are 6 ways to form a committee with 1 man and 2 women.
b) Determine the number of 5 card combinations out of a deck of 52 cards, if there is exactly one ace in each
combination.
Answer–
In a standard deck of 52 cards, there are 4 aces. To form a 5-card combination in which exactly one ace is included:
1!(4−1)!
= 4 .
4!(48−4)!
= 194, 580 .
Using the multiplication principle, the total number of 5-card combinations with exactly one ace is given by:
Therefore, there are 778,320 different 5-card combinations in a deck of 52 cards where exactly one ace is included.
Answer–
To prove the given statement using mathematical induction, we’ll follow the steps of mathematical induction.
2 1+1
1 ⋅ 2 + 2 ⋅ 2 = 2 = (1–1) ⋅ 2 + 2
2 3 m m+1
1 ⋅ 2 + 2 ⋅ 2 + 3 ⋅ 2 + … + m ⋅ 2 = (m–1) ⋅ 2 + 2
2 3 m m+1
1 ⋅ 2 + 2 ⋅ 2 + 3 ⋅ 2 + … + m ⋅ 2 + (m + 1) ⋅ 2
2 3 m m+1
1 ⋅ 2 + 2 ⋅ 2 + 3 ⋅ 2 + … + m ⋅ 2 = (m–1) ⋅ 2 + 2
m+1 m+1
m ⋅ 2 + 2 = (m + 1) ⋅ 2 + 2
Conclusion:
By mathematical induction, the given statement is proven for all n ∈ N :
2 3 n n+1
1 ⋅ 2 + 2 ⋅ 2 + 3 ⋅ 2 + … + n ⋅ 2 = (n–1) ⋅ 2 + 2
b) Prove n (n + 1) (n + 5) is a multiple of 3
Answer–
To prove that n(n + 1)(n + 5) is a multiple of 3 for all n ∈ N , we can use the principle of mathematical induction.
1 ⋅ (1 + 1) ⋅ (1 + 5) = 2 ⋅ 6 = 12
m ⋅ (m + 1) ⋅ (m + 5)
(m + 1) ⋅ ((m + 1) + 1) ⋅ ((m + 1) + 5) = (m + 1) ⋅ (m + 2) ⋅ (m + 6)
(m + 1) ⋅ (m + 2) ⋅ (m + 6) = m ⋅ (m + 1) ⋅ (m + 5) + 2 ⋅ (m + 1) ⋅ (m + 5)
Thus, (m + 1) ⋅ (m + 2) ⋅ (m + 6) is a multiple of 3.
Conclusion:
By mathematical induction, we have shown that n(n + 1)(n + 5) is a multiple of 3 for all n ∈ N .
OR
Answer–
To expand ( x3 +
2
y
)
4
, we can use the binomial theorem. The general form of the binomial theorem is:
n n−k k
(a + b) = ∑ C(n, k) ⋅ a ⋅ b
k=0
y
)
4
:
x 2
n = 4, a = , b =
3 y
4
x 2 x 2
4 4−k k
( + ) = ∑ C(4, k) ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( )
3 y 3 y
k=0
Now, let’s calculate the binomial coefficients and write out the expansion:
x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x
4 0 3 1 2 2 1 3 0
C(4, 0) ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( ) + C(4, 1) ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( ) + C(4, 2) ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( ) + C(4, 3) ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( ) + C(4, 4) ⋅ ( ) ⋅ (
3 y 3 y 3 y 3 y 3
x 4
x 3
2 1
x 2
2 2
x 1
2 3
x 0
2 4
1 ⋅ ( ) ⋅ 1 + 4 ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( ) + 6 ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( ) + 4 ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( ) + 1 ⋅ ( ) ⋅ ( )
3 3 y 3 y 3 y 3 y
Now, simplify the terms:
4 3 2
x 8x 24x 32x 16
+ + + +
2 3 4
81 27y 9y 3y y
y
)
4
is:
4 3 2
x 8x 24x 32x 16
+ + + +
2 3 4
81 27y 9y 3y y
Answer–
To find the remainder when 7 103 is divided by 25, we can use the following approach:
103 50 50 3
7 = 7 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 7
1
7 ≡ 7 (mod 25)
2
7 ≡ 24 (mod 25)
3
7 ≡ 23 (mod 25)
4
7 ≡ 4 (mod 25)
5
7 ≡ 28 ≡ 3 (mod 25)
103 4 25 3 25 3 25 3
7 = (7 ) ⋅ 7 ≡ 4 ⋅ 7 ≡ (−1) ⋅ 7 (mod 25)
103 3
7 ≡ −7 (mod 25)
103
7 ≡ −343 (mod 25)
103
7 ≡ −18 (mod 25)
To find the last two digits of the number (13) 10 , we can use the binomial expansion:
10 5
(13) = (170–1)
5 5 4 3 2
(170–1) = 5C0 ⋅ (170) –5C1 ⋅ (170) + 5C2 ⋅ (170) –5C3 ⋅ (170) + 5C4 ⋅ (170)–5C5
Simplifying further:
5 4 3 2
= 5C0 ⋅ (170) –5C1 ⋅ (170) + 5C2 ⋅ (170) –5C3 ⋅ (170) + 5 ⋅ (170)–1
= 100K + 849
a) A tyre manufacturing company kept a record of the distance covered before a tyre needed to be replaced.
The table shows the results of 1000 cases.
Answer
To find the probability that a tire needs to be replaced before 4000 km is covered, we can use the data provided in
the table. Let’s denote the event “tire replacement before 4000 km” as A. The probability of A, denoted as P (A), is
given by the ratio of the number of cases where the tire is replaced before 4000 km to the total number of cases.
200
P (A) =
1000
1
P (A) =
5
Therefore, the probability that a tire needs to be replaced before 4000 km is covered is 1
5
.
Answer–
To find the probability that a tire lasts more than 9000 km, let’s denote the event “tire lasts more than 9000 km” as B.
The probability of B, denoted as P (B), is given by the ratio of the number of cases where the tire lasts more than
9000 km to the total number of cases.
150
P (B) =
1000
3
P (B) =
20
3
Therefore, the probability that a tire lasts more than 9000 km is 20
.
(iii) it will need to be replaced after it has covered somewhere between 4000 km and 14000 km?
Answer-
To find the probability that a tire needs to be replaced after it has covered somewhere between 4000 km and 14000
km, let’s denote this event as C . The probability of C , denoted as P (C), is given by the ratio of the number of cases
where the tire is replaced between 4000 km and 14000 km to the total number of cases.
600
P (C) =
1000
3
P (C) =
5
Therefore, the probability that a tire needs to be replaced after it has covered somewhere between 4000 km and
3
14000 km is 5
.
b) Two players, Sangeet and Rashmi, play a tennis match. The probability of Sangeet winning the match is
0.62. What is the probability that Rashmi will win the match?
Answer-
Since there are only two possible outcomes in a tennis match (Sangeet wins or Rashmi wins), the probability of
Rashmi winning the match is the complement of the probability of Sangeet winning.
Let P (S) be the probability of Sangeet winning and P (R) be the probability of Rashmi winning. The relationship
between these probabilities is given by:
Given that P (S) = 0.62 , we can substitute this into the formula:
P (R) = 1–0.62
P (R) = 0.38
Therefore, the probability that Rashmi will win the match is 0.38.
c) A coin is tossed three times, consider the following events. P: ‘No head appears’, Q: ‘Exactly one head
appears’ and R: ‘At Least two heads appear’. Check whether they form a set of mutually exclusive and
exhaustive events.
Answer-
Events:
Sample space:
S = {H H H , H H T , H T H , T H H , H T T , T H T , T T H , T T T }
A = {T T T }
B = {H T T , T H T , T T H }
C = {H H T , H T H , T H H , H H H }
A ∪ B ∪ C = {H H H , H H T , H T H , T H H , H T T , T H T , T T H , T T T } = S
A ∩ B = ∅
So, A and B are mutually exclusive.
B ∩ C = ∅
A ∩ C = ∅
OR
Answer-
Find the range, which is the difference between the maximum and minimum values:
Range = 125–63 = 62
Range
Coef f icient of Range =
Mean
847
Mean = = 105.875
8
62
Coef f icient of Range =
105.875
Answer-
Find the range, which is the difference between the maximum and minimum values:
Range
Coef f icient of Range =
Mean
206.6
Mean = ≈ 34.43
6
47.8
Coef f icient of Range =
34.43
b) If the range and the smallest value of a set of data are 36.8 and 13.4 respectively, then find the largest
value.
Answer-
The range of a data set is the difference between the largest and smallest values. If the range is given as 36.8 and
the smallest value is 13.4, we can use the formula for the range:
Given that the range is 36.8 and the smallest value is 13.4, we can substitute these values into the formula:
c) A teacher asked the students to complete 60 pages of a record note book. Eight students have completed
only 32, 35, 37, 30, 33, 36, 35 and 37 pages. Find the standard deviation of the pages yet to be completed by
them.
Answer-
To find the standard deviation of the pages yet to be completed by the students, follow these steps:
∑x
Mean =
n
where ∑ x is the sum of the data values and n is the number of data values.
32 + 35 + 37 + 30 + 33 + 36 + 35 + 37
Mean =
8
275
Mean = = 34.375
8
Create a table of the deviations from the mean for each student.
1 32 −2.375
2 35 0.625
3 37 2.625
4 30 −4.375
5 33 −1.375
6 36 1.625
7 35 0.625
8 37 2.625
1 32 −2.375 5.640625
2 35 0.625 0.390625
3 37 2.625 6.890625
4 30 −4.375 19.140625
5 33 −1.375 1.890625
6 36 1.625 2.640625
7 35 0.625 0.390625
8 37 2.625 6.890625
2
∑(X–Mean) = 43.10546875
Step 5: Divide the sum of squared deviations by the number of data values.