Link 1 for trisection identity.py, with output ordered by ascending angle.

Link 2 for trisection iterar.py, which is a iteration draft.

Link 3 for chebyshev.py, and I don’t know why it is apart.
Link 4 for table vision, which is in database mode.
Main Portuguese Video on YouTube.
English Video on YouTube.

Abstract
Our first intention is to know the immediate consequences of our own statements. At the end, we hope
that the proof will not be missing anymore.

1 How to divide any angle by a complex number

Definition 1.1. We denote H[C] the set of matrices M below, where a, b, c, d ∈ C.
 
a −b −c −d
 b a −d c 
M = 
c d a −b 
d −c b a

Definition 1.2. Natural extensions.

x
x, y ∈ H[C], y 6= 0 ⇒ = xy −1 (1)
y

   0, if Im z = 0 ∧ z < n
z
z ∈ C, n ∈ N ⇒ = z(z − 1) · · · (z − n + 1) (2)
n  , else
n!
Exercise 1.1. Prove the identity below.

x+y
arctan x + arctan y = arctan (3)
1 − xy
2x
2 arctan x = arctan (4)
1 − x2
Pb(n+1)/2c n


i=0 (−1)i
2i+1
x2i+1
2 ≤ n ∈ N, ∀x ∈ H[C] ⇒ n arctan x = arctan Pbn/2c (5)
i n


2i
i=0 (−1) 2i x

Theorem 1.1. Let p be a complex number, suppose initially |p| ≥ 3. Let θ be any angle in H[C]. For any
integer 0 ≤ k < p (and take always k = 0 whenever Im p 6= 0), there is the unique brother of (θ, p, k),
defined as (a, λ, µ, p, n) such that:

v = tan θ (6)
θ + 2kπ
m = tan ;k∈Z (7)
p
m2 − a
ϕ = p arccos = Arg z (8)
b
m2 − a
 
ϕ
cos = (9)
p b
a = p − 1 + pv 2 (10)

1
  2    
p p p
c= +2· + 2p · · v2 (11)
2 4 3
 
p
d= · a2 − c (12)
2
p
b = 2 · d/p (13)
p
m2 − a b2 − (m2 − a)2
w= +i (14)
2 2
|w| = b/2 (15)
z = wp = λ + i · µ (16)
s
θ + 2kπ p 2inπ
tan = ± a + 2 Re p λ + i · µ · exp , ∃n < p (17)
p p

Exercise 1.2. Verify the preceding theorem, using v 2 ∈ {0, 1, 3, 1/3}.

√
Exercise 1.3. Whenever m is constructible with ruler and compass, we compute z and w = p z similarly.
 p
b
Exercise 1.4. It follows that λ = Re z = cos ϕ. Sometimes λ2 ∈ Q. When? How to detect
√ 2
a + b
λ2 = ? I tried with periodic continued fractions, but there are large periods.
c
Exercise 1.5. Prove the Chebyshev identity:
b(n+1)/2c
X (n − i − 1)!
n > 0 ⇒ cos nt = (−1)i · 2n−2i−1 · n · · (cos t)n−2i (18)
i=0
i!(n − 2i)!

Solved Exercise. Explicit f (p, x) = cos(p arccos(x)).

√
z1 = x + i 1 − x2 ⇒ cos Arg z1 = x (19)
√
z2 = 1 − x2 + ix ⇒ sin Arg z2 = x (20)
√ √
z3 = 1/ 2 + ix/ 2 ⇒ tan Arg z3 = x (21)
√ √
z4 = x/ 2 + i/ 2 ⇒ cot Arg z4 = x (22)
√
z5 = 1/x + i x2 − 1/x ⇒ sec Arg z5 = x (23)
√
z6 = x2 − 1/x + i/x ⇒ cossec Arg z6 = x (24)
X p
p
z = a + bi ⇒ z = ap−k bk ik (25)
k
X p 
λ(z) = ap−2k b2k (−1)k (26)
2k
X p 
µ(z) = ap−2k−1 b2k+1 (−1)k (27)
2k + 1
X p 
cos(p arccos x) = λ(z1 ) = xp−2k (x2 − 1)k (28)
2k
X p 
sin(p arcsin x) = µ(z2 ) = (1 − x2 )(p−2k−1)/2 x2k+1 (−1)k (29)
2k + 1
P p
2k+1
µ(z3 ) 2k+1
x (−1)k
tan(p arctan x) = = P p
2k (30)
λ(z3 ) 2k
x (−1)k

2
 P p
−2k
λ(z4 ) x (−1)k
cot(p arccot x) = = P p2k
−2k−1 (31)
µ(z4 ) 2k+1
x (−1)k
1 xp
sec(p arcsec x) = =P p

(32)
λ(z5 ) 2k
(1 − x2 )k
1 xp
cossec(p arccossec x) = =P p

(33)
µ(z6 ) 2k+1
(x2 − 1)(p−2k−1)/2 (−1)k
Solved Exercise.
√ √ 
2 3 1
cos 15◦ = cos(60◦ − 45◦ ) = · + (34)
2 2 2
√ √ 
2 3 1
cos 75◦ = cos(30◦ + 45◦ ) = · − (35)
2 2 2
Exercise 1.6. Let a regular pentagon be ABCDE, such that |AB| = 1, |AC| = y. Show that AC k DE.
F = AC ∩ BE. Similarly, BE k CD, then CDEF is a parallelogram, whose √ side length is equal to 1.
|CE| |CF | y 1 1+ 5
Show that ∆ABF ∼ ∆CEF ⇒ = ⇒ = ⇒y= .
|AB| |AF | 1 y−1 2
Look at ∆ABC, where ∠B = 3 · 180◦ /5 = 108◦ . The other angles are 2x + 108◦ = 180◦ ⇒ x = 36◦ .
We know that |AC|2 = |AB|2 + |BC|2 − 2 · |AB| · |BC| · cos ∠B and cos 36◦ = sin 54◦ .
Also, cos 108◦ = − cos 72◦ = − sin 18◦ . Determine cos x◦ , where x ∈ {18, 36, 54, 72}.
Exercise 1.7. Complete the table below.
cos 3◦ = cos(18◦ − 15◦ ) = cos 18◦ cos 15◦ + cos 72◦ cos 75◦ (36)
cos 6◦ = cos(36◦ − 30◦ ) = cos 36◦ cos 30◦ + cos 54◦ cos 60◦ (37)
cos 9◦ = cos(54◦ − 45◦ ) = cos 54◦ cos 45◦ + cos 36◦ cos 45◦ (38)
cos 12◦ = cos(30◦ − 18◦ ) = cos 30◦ cos 18◦ + cos 60◦ cos 72◦ (39)
√ √
6 + 2
cos 15◦ = table = (40)
4
p √
10 + 2 5
cos 18◦ = table = (41)
4
cos 21◦ = cos(36 − 15 ) = cos 36◦ cos 15◦ + cos 54◦ cos 75◦
◦ ◦
(42)
cos 24◦ = cos(54◦ − 30◦ ) = cos 54◦ cos 30◦ + cos 36◦ cos 60◦ (43)
cos 27◦ = cos(45◦ − 18◦ ) = cos 45◦ cos 18◦ + cos 45◦ cos 72◦ (44)
√
cos 30◦ = table = 3/2 (45)
cos 33◦ = cos(18◦ + 15◦ ) = cos 18◦ cos 15◦ − cos 72◦ cos 75◦ (46)
√
1+ 5
cos 36◦ = table = (47)
4
cos 39◦ = cos(54◦ − 15◦ ) = cos 54◦ cos 15◦ + cos 36◦ cos 75◦ (48)
cos 42◦ = cos(60◦ − 18◦ ) = cos 60◦ cos 18◦ + cos 30◦ cos 72◦ (49)
√
cos 45◦ = table = 2/2 (50)
cos 48◦ = cos(30◦ + 18◦ ) = cos 30◦ cos 18◦ − cos 60◦ cos 72◦ (51)
cos 51◦ = cos(36◦ + 15◦ ) = cos 36◦ cos 15◦ − cos 54◦ cos 75◦ (52)
p √
10 − 2 5
cos 54◦ = table = (53)
4
cos 57◦ = cos(72◦ − 15◦ ) = cos 60◦ cos 15◦ + cos 30◦ cos 75◦ (54)
cos 60◦ = table = 1/2 (55)

3
 cos 63◦ = cos(45◦ + 18◦ ) = cos 45◦ cos 18◦ − cos 45◦ cos 72◦ (56)
cos 66◦ = cos(36◦ + 30◦ ) = cos 36◦ cos 30◦ − cos 54◦ cos 60◦ (57)
cos 69◦ = cos(54◦ + 15◦ ) = cos 54◦ cos 15◦ − cos 36◦ cos 75◦ (58)
√
− 1 + 5
cos 72◦ = table = (59)
√ 4√
6− 2
cos 75◦ = table = (60)
4
cos 78 = cos(60 + 18◦ ) = cos 60◦ cos 18◦ − cos 30◦ cos 72◦
◦ ◦
(61)
cos 81◦ = cos(45◦ + 36◦ ) = cos 45◦ cos 36◦ − cos 45◦ cos 54◦ (62)
cos 84◦ = cos(54◦ + 30◦ ) = cos 54◦ cos 30◦ − cos 36◦ cos 60◦ (63)
cos 87◦ = cos(72◦ + 15◦ ) = cos 72◦ cos 15◦ − cos 18◦ cos 75◦ (64)

Theorem √ 1.2. Set p = 3 and k = 2. For any angle θ in H[C], there is the unique brother of (θ, 3, 2),
defined as x such that:

atanπ (y) = arctan y ⇐ y > 0 (65)

atanπ (y) = π + arctan y ⇐ y ≤ 0 (66)
√
√ √ √
   
2
4π 1 1 8 x
tan + arctan x = 2 + 3x + 2 x + 1 9x + 1 cos atanπ (67)
3 3 3 27x2 + 18x − 1

Proof: I

√ 3m − m3
x=v= (68)
1 − 3m2
m3 − 3vm2 − 3m + v = 0 (69)
2
√
m =z⇒m= z (70)
√ √
z z − 3vz − 3 z + v = 0 (71)
v 2 (3z − 1)2 = z(z − 3)2 (72)
x(9z 2 − 6z + 1) = z 3 − 6z 2 + 9z (73)
s = 6 + 9x (74)
q = 9 + 6x (75)
p=x (76)
z = y + s/3 (77)
3
y + Py + Q = 0 (78)
P = q − s2 /3 = −3(9x2 + 10x + 1) (79)
Q = −2/27s3 + qs/3 − p = −2(27x3 + 45x2 + 17x − 1) (80)
∆ = Q2 /4 + P 3 /27 = −64x(x + 1)2 < 0 (81)
z = λ + i · µ = reit (82)
λ = −Q/2 = (x + 1)(27x2 + 18x − 1) (83)
√ √
µ = −∆ = 8 x(x + 1) (84)
√
z = s/3 + 2 3 r cos(t/3) (85)
(9x + 1)3 = (27x2 + 18x − 1)2 + 64x (86)
m2 = a + b cos(t/3)  (87)

4
 √
8 x
Solved Exercise. The preceding theorem exhibits tan Arg z = as a discriminant. Do the
27x2 + 18x − 1
same for p = 2.

2m
v= (88)
1 − m2
2
−vm − 2m + v = 0 (89)
√
m2 = x ⇒ m = x (90)
√
v − vx = 2 x (91)
v 2 (x2 − 2x + 1) = 4x (92)
v 2 x2 − 2x(v 2 + 2) + v 2 = 0 (93)
∆ = 4(v 2 + 2)2 − 4v 4 = 16(v 2 + 1) (94)
√
v2 + 2 ± 2 v2 + 1
x= (95)
v2
2
a = 1 + 2v (96)
s = 2a (97)
c=1 (98)
r = |z| = d/2 = 2v 2 (1 + v 2 ) (99)
√ √ √
r = v 2 1 + v2 (100)
√
x = s/2 + 2 r cos(t/2) (101)
√
v2 + 2 ± 2 v2 + 1 √
2
= 1 + 2v 2 + 2 r cos(t/2) (102)
v√
(−v + 1 − v 2 + 1)2
4
= 2v 2 (1 + v 2 ) cos2 (t/2) (103)
v4 √
(−v 4 + 1 − v 2 + 1)2
cos Arg z = −1 (104)
v 6 · (v 2 + 1)

Solved Exercise. Repeat the same algorithm for finding cos2 (θ/3).

cos 3θ = 4 cos3 θ − 3 cos θ (105)

v = 4m3 − 3m (106)
√
x = m2 ⇒ m = x (107)
√ √
v = 4x x − 3 x (108)
v 2 = (4x − 3)2 · x (109)
0 = 16x3 − 24x2 + 9x − v 2 (110)
s = 24/16 (111)
q = 9/16 (112)
p = v 2 /16 (113)
x = y + 1/2 (114)
3
y + Py + Q = 0 (115)
P = q − s2 /3 = −3/16 (116)
Q = −2/27s3 + qs/3 − p = 1/32 − v 2 /16 (117)
Q2 P 3 (1 − 2v 2 )2 − 1
∆= + = (118)
4 27 4096
∆ ≤ 0 ⇒ v 2 − 1 ≤ 0 ⇒ −1 ≤ v = cos 3θ ≤ 1 (119)
z = λ + i · µ = reit (120)

5
 λ = −Q/2 = (−1 + 2v 2 )/64 (121)
√ p
µ = −∆ = 1/32 · v 2 (1 − v 2 ) (122)
√
x = s/3 + 2 3 r cos(t/3) (123)
1 = (−1 + 2v 2 )2 + 4v 2 (1 − v 2 ) (124)
x = 1/2 + 1/2 · cos(t/3) (125)
p
µ 2 v 2 (1 − v 2 ) 2 cos 3θ sin 3θ
tan t = = = = tan 6θ (126)
λ −1 + 2v 2 cos 6θ
m2 = 1/2 + 1/2 · cos(6θ/3) ⇔ Chebyshev (127)
Solved Exercise. Determine the diophantine equation for tan(α/β·π/180) = f (a, b, c, k, p), using initially
v 2 ∈ {0, 1, 3, 1/3}.
α + 360k · β π
arctan(m) = · (128)
β 180
arctan(m) · β · N = (α + 360k · β)N (129)
(α + 360k · β) · 3N ≡ 3q (mod 360) ⇒ N = N0 (130)
α · 3N = 3q + 360r (131)
α · N − 120r = q (132)
x = gcd(α, 120) | q (133)
N = N0 + 120/x · t (134)
r = r0 + α/x · t (135)
N = N0 ⇒ α · 3N0 = δ = 3q + 360r (136)
(θ, p, k) = (3q ◦ , 3N0 · β, r0 ) (137)
Solved Exercise. Explicit f (n) = tan(2π/p) = g(a, b, c, k, p).
By the precedent diophantine equation with α = 360, β = p ⇒ (θ, p, k) = (360◦ , 3p, 2).
I’ve tested, and it worked. λ2 ∈ Q, ∀p ≥ 3.
Theorem 1.3. Sum identity.

2  
tan2 x − a tan2 (x + π/p) − a 2 tan2 x − a tan2 (x + π/p) − a 2
       
2nπ
1− · 1− = cos − ·
b b p b b
(138)
Proof: I

 2  2
m1 − a m2 − a
 
p arccos ±p arccos = 2nπ (139)
b b
a = p − 1 + pv 2 ; p ∈ C ; |p| ≥ 3 (140)
 2    
p p p
c= +2· + 2p · · v2 (141)
2 4 3
 
p
d= · a2 − c (142)
2
p
b = 2 · d/p (143)
 
θ1 + 2k1 π
m1 = tan x = tan (144)
p
 
θ2 + 2k2 π
m2 = tan (145)
p

6
 θ2 − θ1 = k3 π ⇒ θ2 = θ1 + π (146)
tan px − tan 2k
v = tan θ = tan(px − 2k) = , ∃k ∈ Z (147)
1 + tan px tan 2k
tan2 x − a tan2 (x + π/p) − a
   
2nπ
∀x ∈ H[C], arccos ± arccos = , ∃n ∈ Z (148)
b b p

tan2 x − a tan2 (x + π/p) − a

      
2nπ
cos arccos ± arccos = cos
b b p
(149)
s s
tan2 x − a tan2 (x + π/p) − a tan2 x − a 2 tan2 (x + π/p) − a 2
     
2nπ
· ± 1− 1− = cos 
b b b b p
(150)
Example 1.1.
tan2 (75π/180) − 5
  
◦
11
(θ, p, k) = (45 , 3, 2) ⇒ cos 3 arccos √ = 1.5 (151)
80 5
2
tan (135π/180) − 5
  
11
(θ, p, k) = (225◦ , 3, 2) ⇒ cos 3 arccos √ = 1.5 (152)
80 5
cos x = cos y ⇒ x ± y = 2nπ (153)
tan2 (75π/180) − 5 tan2 (135π/180) − 5
   
◦ ◦
75 + 60 ⇒ 2π = 3 arccos √ +3 arccos √ (154)
80 80
√3
√ √
88 + 16i = 1 + 2 3 + i(2 + 3) (155)
√3
11 − 2i = −1 + 2i (156)
Theorem 1.4. Polynomial.
s
2 p
x−a −
 p
p
(x a)
±i λ2 + µ2 − =λ+i·µ (157)
2 4
Proof: I
s
p 2inπ
y= a + 2 Re p λ + i · µ · exp (158)
p
√
x = y 2 = a + 2 Re p z (159)
√
p
z=w (160)
x−a
= Re w (161)
2 p
|z| = λ2 + µ2 (162)
p
|w|2 = p λ2 + µ2 = R (163)
s
(x − a)2
± R− = Im w (164)
4
s
x−a (x − a)2
±i R− =w (165)
2 4

7
Example 1.2.
tan2 (20π/180) − 11
  
◦
1184
(θ, p, k) = (60 , 3, 0) ⇒ cos 3 arccos √ = (166)
448 1121.5
tan2 (140π/180) − 11
  
1184
(θ, p, k) = (60◦ , 3, 1) ⇒ cos 3 arccos √ = (167)
448 1121.5
tan2 (80π/180) − 11
  
1184
(θ, p, k) = (240◦ , 3, 0) ⇒ cos 3 arccos √ = (168)
448 1121.5

tan2 (20π/180) − 11 tan2 (80π/180) − 11

     
◦ ◦
20 + 60 ⇒ 2π = cos 3 arccos √ − cos 3 arccos √ (169)
448 448
tan2 (40π/180) − 11 tan2 (80π/180) − 11
     
◦ ◦
40 + 60 ⇒ 2π = cos 3 arccos √ + cos 3 arccos √ (170)
448 448
tan2 (80π/180) − 11 tan2 (40π/180) − 11
     
◦ ◦
80 + 60 ⇒ 2π = cos 3 arccos √ + cos 3 arccos √ (171)
448 448

r
√
q
◦ 3
tan 80 = 11 + 2 Re 1184 + i · 32 3 (172)
s
√ 2iπ
q
◦ 3
tan 20 = 11 + 2 Re 1184 + i · 32 3 · exp (173)
3
s
√ 4iπ
q
◦ 3
tan 40 = 11 + 2 Re 1184 + i · 32 3 · exp (174)
3
s
√ x − 11 (x − 11)2 3
 
1184 + i · 32 3 = ± i 112 − (175)
2 4
Solved Exercise. Real and immaginary parts.
1 z z − 2i Im z
= 2= (176)
z |z| |z|2
|z|2 i |z|2
 
2i Im z = z − ⇒ Im z = −z (177)
z 2 z
z = Re z + i Im z (178)
|z|2 1 |z|2
 
2z = 2 Re z − + z ∴ Re z = +z (179)
z 2 z
1 |z|2 i |z|2
   
z= + z +i · −z (180)
2 z 2 z
Exercise 1.8. Determine the square root of any complex number z, like the particular z0 below. (Solve
the quintic.)

z = 3 + 4i (181)
√
w= z (182)
Arg z = arctan 4/3 (183)
|z| = 5 (184)
v2 = y (185)
√
(−y 2 + 1 − y + 1)2 Im z 4
3
−1= = (186)
y · (y + 1) Re z 3

8
 p
4y 3 · (y + 1) = 3(y 4 + 1 + y + 1 − 2y 2 − (2y 2 + 2) y + 1) (187)
36(y 2 + 1)2 (y + 1) = [3y 4 + 6 + 3y − 6y 2 − 4y 3 · (y + 1)]2 (188)
36(y 2 + 1)2 = (y + 1)(y 3 + 3y 2 + 3y − 6)2 (189)
0 = y 2 (y 5 + 7y 4 + 21y 3 − 15y 2 − 21y − 135) (190)
√
q
3
α = 1110969 − 145152 38 (191)
√
q
3
β = 41147 + 5376 38 (192)
s
3
γ= (193)
−39 + α + 3β
s s
 
3 1 1 13 α β
v=± − + − − − − + 42γ (194)
8 8γ 2 8 48 16
tan2 (kπ + 1/2 arctan v) − 1 − 2v 2
cos(1/2 Arg z) = √ √ ; k ∈ {0, 1} (195)
2 2 1 + v 2 · |v|
p
Re w = |z| cos(1/2 Arg z) (196)
p
Im w = |z| − (Re w)2 (197)

Exercise 1.9. Determine the cubic root of any complex number z, like the particular z0 below. (Ferrari.)

z = 3 + 4i (198)
√
w= 3z (199)
Arg z = arctan 4/3 (200)
|z| = 5 (201)
8x Im z 4
= = (202)
27x4 2
+ 18x − 1 Re z 3
27x4 + 18x2 − 6x − 1 = 0 (203)
s
√ √
q 
1 3 3 12
x1 = 100 − 4 ± −8 − 100 + p√ (204)
6 3
100 − 4
s
√ √
 q 
1 3 3 12
x2 = − 100 − 4 ± i 8 + 100 + p√ (205)
6 3
100 − 4
√
tan2 (π/3 + 1/3 arctan x2 ) − 2 − 3x2
cos(1/3 Arg z) = √ √ (206)
2 x2 + 1 9x2 + 1
p
Re w = 3 |z| cos(1/3 Arg z) (207)
qp
3
Im w = |z|2 − (Re w)2 (208)

Exercise 1.10. Iteration. Determine when the brother-output may be used as another input for a second
brother. Quaternary tree.
√
x = 1 → x = 2/11 → x = p1 /q1 (209)
x = 1 → Arg z = 2π − arctan(2/11) → x = p2 /q2 (210)
√
x = 1 → x = 11/2 → x = p3 /q3 (211)
x = 1 → Arg z = 2π − arctan(11/2) → x = p4 /q4 (212)

9
Exercise 1.11. Inverse theta. Suppose p = 3, and that we have cos Arg z = 11/51.5 . We know how to
take the cubic root and find the inverse (θ, k) = (45◦ , 2). Try to do the same for p ∈
/ {2, 3}.

m2 − a m2 − a √ m2 − a √
cos(ϕ/p) = ⇒ξ= √ · p⇒ξ= p · p (213)
b 2· d 2 · p(p − 1)/2 · a2 − c
s
m2 − a √ 2ξ 12p
ξ= p · p⇒ 2 = ⇒ 4uξ 2 = 12p(m2 − a)2 (214)
2 · u/12 m −a u
u p(p − 1) 2 2
p2 (p − 1)2 p(p − 1)(p − 2)(p − 3) p2 (p − 1)(p − 2) 2
= · (p − 1 + pv ) − − − · v (215)
12 2 4 12 3
u = 6p(p − 1) · (p − 1 + pv 2 )2 − 3p2 (p − 1)2 − p(p − 1)(p − 2)(p − 3) − 4p2 (p − 1)(p − 2) · v 2
(216)
u = 2(p − 1)p2 (3pv 4 + 4pv 2 + p − 2v 2 − 2) (217)

We just need to isolate v from the equation below.

 !2 2
1/p


v 2k+1 (−1)k
P
2k+1
3 P 1/p
2k − p + 1 − pv 2  = 2(p − 1)p(3pv 4 + 4pv 2 + p − 2v 2 − 2) cos2 (1/p Arg z)
2k
v (−1)k
(218)

Definition 1.3. The brother of θ = ±90◦ is:

3p2 · 
v 4+O(v
 3)

2
1
lim cos (1/p Arg z) = lim 4 2
= (219)
v→±∞ 2(p − 1)p(3p · 
v→±∞ v +O(v
 )) 2(p − 1)
s
u
lim |w| = lim =∞ (220)
v→±∞ v→±∞ 12p

Example 1.3.

m2 − a
p = 3 ⇒ cos2 (ϕ/3) = 1/4 ⇒ ϕ = ±3 arccos(±1/2) = lim (221)
v→±∞ b
Exercise 1.12. Domain.
m2 − a
> 1 ⇒ when? (222)
b
m2 − a
< −1 ⇒ when? (223)
b
θ + 2kπ π
= ± + 2nπ ⇒ when? (224)
p 2
b = 0 ⇒ when? (225)
lim b = ∞ ⇒ when? (226)
(θ,p,k)→(θ0 ,p0 ,k0 )

Defiance 1. The same way as 3◦ = arccos(cos 18◦ cos 15◦ + cos 72◦ cos ◦
√ 75 ), we need to parametrize every-
Ai + Bi Ci
thing here as 3k ◦ = arccos(x1 x2 + 1 x3 x4 ) + 2 , where x2i = ; 1 = ±1 ; 2 ∈ {0, 180◦ }.
Di

Out of charity, there is no salvation at all. With charity, there is evolution.

Vinicius Claudino FERRAZ, 28th /May/2021, Release 0.0.0.1

10